ASTM D5299/D5299M-18
(Guide)Standard Guide for Decommissioning of Groundwater Wells, Vadose Zone Monitoring Devices, Boreholes, and Other Devices for Environmental Activities
Standard Guide for Decommissioning of Groundwater Wells, Vadose Zone Monitoring Devices, Boreholes, and Other Devices for Environmental Activities
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Decommissioning of boreholes and monitoring wells, and other devices requires that the specific characteristics of each site be considered. The wide variety of geological, biological, and physical conditions, construction practices, and chemical composition of the surrounding soil, rock, waste, and groundwater precludes the use of a single decommissioning practice. The procedures discussed in this guide are intended to aid the geologist or engineer in selecting the tasks needed to plan, choose materials for, and carry out an effective permanent decommissioning operation. Each individual situation should be evaluated separately and the appropriate technology applied to meet site conditions. Considerations for selection of appropriate procedures are presented in this guide, but other considerations based on site specific conditions should also be considered.
Note 6: Ideally, decommissioning should be considered as an integral part of the design of the monitoring well. Planning at this early stage can make the decommissioning activity easier to accomplish. See Practice D5092 for details on monitoring well construction.
5.2 This guide is intended to provide technical information and is not intended to supplant statutes or regulations of local governing bodies. Approval of the appropriate regulatory authorities should be an important consideration during the decommissioning process. This practice is in general accordance with other national and state guidance documents on well decommissioning (ANSI/NGWA-01-14 [1]1 and California EPA [2].
Note 7: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures that are specifically related to permanent decommissioning (closure) of the following as applied to environmental activities. It is intended for use where solid or hazardous materials or wastes are found, or where conditions occur requiring the need for decommissioning. The following devices are considered in this guide:
1.1.1 A borehole used for geoenvironmental purposes (see Note 1),
1.1.2 Monitoring wells,
1.1.3 Observation wells,
1.1.4 Injection wells (see Note 2),
1.1.5 Piezometers,
1.1.6 Wells used for the extraction of contaminated groundwater, the removal of floating or submerged materials other than water such as gasoline or tetrachloroethylene, or other devices used for the extraction of soil gas,
1.1.7 A borehole used to construct a monitoring well, and
1.1.8 Any other well or boring that houses a vadose zone monitoring device.
1.2 Temporary decommissioning of the above is not covered in this guide.
Note 1: This guide may be used to decommission boreholes where no contamination is observed at a site (see Practice D420 for details); however, the primary use of the guide is to decommission boreholes and wells where solid or hazardous waste have been identified. Methods identified in this guide can also be used in other situations such as the decommissioning of water supply wells and boreholes where water contaminated with nonhazardous pollutants (such as nitrates or sulfates) are present. This guide should be consulted in the event that routine geotechnical studies indicate the presence of contamination at a site. Consult and follow national, state, or local regulations as they may control required decommissioning procedures.
Note 2: The term “well” is used in this guide to denote monitoring wells, piezometers, or other devices constructed in a manner similar to a well. Some of the devices listed such as injection and extraction wells can be decomm...
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5299/D5299M − 18
Standard Guide for
Decommissioning of Groundwater Wells, Vadose Zone
Monitoring Devices, Boreholes, and Other Devices for
1
Environmental Activities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5299/D5299M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
be decommissioned using this guide for information but are not specifi-
1. Scope*
cally covered in detail in the text.
1.1 This guide covers procedures that are specifically re-
NOTE 3—Details on the decommissioning of multiple-screened wells
latedtopermanentdecommissioning(closure)ofthefollowing
are not provided in this guide due to the many methods used to construct
these types of wells and the numerous types of commercially available
as applied to environmental activities. It is intended for use
multiple-screenedwellsystems.However,insomeinstances,themethods
where solid or hazardous materials or wastes are found, or
presentedinthisguidemaybeusedwithfewchanges.Anexampleofhow
where conditions occur requiring the need for decommission-
this guide may be used is the complete removal of the multiple-screened
ing. The following devices are considered in this guide:
wells by overdrilling.
1.1.1 A borehole used for geoenvironmental purposes (see
1.3 Most monitoring wells and piezometers are intended
Note 1),
primarily for water quality sampling, water level observation,
1.1.2 Monitoring wells,
or soil gas sampling, or combination thereof, to determine
1.1.3 Observation wells,
quality. Many wells are relatively small in diameter typically
1.1.4 Injection wells (see Note 2),
2.5 to 20 cm [1 to 8 inches] and are used to monitor for
1.1.5 Piezometers,
hazardous chemicals in groundwater. Decommissioning of
1.1.6 Wells used for the extraction of contaminated
monitoring wells is necessary to:
groundwater, the removal of floating or submerged materials
1.3.1 Eliminate the possibility that the well is used for
other than water such as gasoline or tetrachloroethylene, or
purposes other than intended,
other devices used for the extraction of soil gas,
1.3.2 Prevent migration of contaminants into an aquifer or
1.1.7 A borehole used to construct a monitoring well, and
between aquifers,
1.1.8 Any other well or boring that houses a vadose zone
1.3.3 Preventmigrationofcontaminantsinthevadosezone,
monitoring device.
1.3.4 Reduce the potential for vertical or horizontal migra-
1.2 Temporary decommissioning of the above is not cov-
tion of fluids in the well or adjacent to the well, and
ered in this guide.
1.3.5 Remove the well from active use when the well is no
NOTE 1—This guide maybeusedtodecommissionboreholeswhereno
longer capable of rehabilitation or has failed structurally; is no
contamination is observed at a site (see Practice D420 for details);
longer needed for monitoring; is no longer capable of provid-
however, the primary use of the guide is to decommission boreholes and
ing representative samples or is providing unreliable samples;
wells where solid or hazardous waste have been identified. Methods
is required to be decommissioned; or to meet regulatory
identified in this guide can also be used in other situations such as the
requirements.
decommissioning of water supply wells and boreholes where water
contaminated with nonhazardous pollutants (such as nitrates or sulfates)
NOTE 4—The determination of whether a well is providing a represen-
are present. This guide should be consulted in the event that routine
tativewaterqualitysampleisnotdefinedinthisguide.Examplesofwhen
geotechnical studies indicate the presence of contamination at a site.
a representative water quality sample may not be collected include the
Consultandfollownational,state,orlocalregulationsastheymaycontrol
biological or chemical clogging of well screens, a drop in the water level
required decommissioning procedures.
to below the base of the well screen, or complete silting of the screen.
NOTE 2—The term “well” is used in this guide to denote monitoring
These conditions may indicate that a well is not functioning correctly.
wells, piezometers, or other devices constructed in a manner similar to a
well.Someofthedeviceslistedsuchasinjectionandextractionwellscan
1.4 This guide is intended to provide information for effec-
tivepermanentclosureofwellssothatthephysicalstructureof
thewelldoesnotprovideameansofhydrauliccommunication
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoilandRock
between aquifers,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5299/D5299M − 17 D5299/D5299M − 18
Standard Guide for
Decommissioning of Groundwater Wells, Vadose Zone
Monitoring Devices, Boreholes, and Other Devices for
1
Environmental Activities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5299/D5299M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This guide covers procedures that are specifically related to permanent decommissioning (closure) of the following as
applied to environmental activities. It is intended for use where solid or hazardous materials or wastes are found, or where
conditions occur requiring the need for decommissioning. The following devices are considered in this guide:
1.1.1 A borehole used for geoenvironmental purposes (see Note 1),
1.1.2 Monitoring wells,
1.1.3 Observation wells,
1.1.4 Injection wells (see Note 2),
1.1.5 Piezometers,
1.1.6 Wells used for the extraction of contaminated groundwater, the removal of floating or submerged materials other than
water such as gasoline or tetrachloroethylene, or other devices used for the extraction of soil gas,
1.1.7 A borehole used to construct a monitoring well, and
1.1.8 Any other well or boring that houses a vadose zone monitoring device.
1.2 Temporary decommissioning of the above is not covered in this guide.
NOTE 1—This guide may be used to decommission boreholes where no contamination is observed at a site (see Practice D420 for details); however,
the primary use of the guide is to decommission boreholes and wells where solid or hazardous waste have been identified. Methods identified in this guide
can also be used in other situations such as the decommissioning of water supply wells and boreholes where water contaminated with nonhazardous
pollutants (such as nitrates or sulfates) are present. This guide should be consulted in the event that a routine geotechnical study indicatesstudies indicate
the presence of contamination at a site. Consult and follow national, state, or local regulations as they may control required decommissioning procedures.
NOTE 2—The term “well” is used in this guide to denote monitoring wells, piezometers, or other devices constructed in a manner similar to a well.
Some of the devices listed such as injection and extraction wells can be decommissioned using this guide for information,information but are not
specifically covered in detail in the text.
NOTE 3—Details on the decommissioning of multiple-screened wells are not provided in this guide due to the many methods used to construct these
types of wells and the numerous types of commercially available multiple-screened well systems. However, in some instances, the methods presented
in this guide may be used with few changes. An example of how this guide may be used is the complete removal of the multiple-screened wells by
overdrilling.
1.3 Most monitoring wells and piezometers are intended primarily for water quality sampling, water level observation, or soil
gas sampling, or combination thereof, to determine quality. Many wells are relatively small in diameter typically 2.5 to 20 cm [1
to 8 in.]inches] and are used to monitor for hazardous chemicals in groundwater. Decommissioning of monitoring wells is
necessary to:
1.3.1 Eliminate the possibility that the well is used for purposes other than intended,
1.3.2 Prevent migration of contaminants into an aquifer or between aquifers,
1.3.3 Prevent migration of contaminants in the vadose zone,
1.3.4 Reduce the potential for vertical or horizontal migration of fluids in the well or adjacent to the well, and
1.3.5 Remove the well from active use when the well is no longer capable of rehabilitation,rehabilitation or has failed
structurally; is no longer needed for monitoring; is no longer capable of providing representative samples or is providing unreliable
samples; is required to be decommissioned; or to meet regulatory requirements.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and Vadose
Zone Investigations.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2017Nov. 15, 2018. Published January 2018November 2018. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20122017
ɛ1
as D5299 – 99D5299/D5299M – 17.(2012) . DOI: 10.1520/D5299_D5299M-17.10.1520/D5299_D5
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.