ASTM E1386-09
(Practice)Standard Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction
Standard Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is useful for preparing extracts from fire debris for later analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
This is a very sensitive separation procedure, capable of isolating quantities smaller than 1 μL of ignitable liquid residue from a sample.
This practice is particularly useful when the potential for fractionation during separation must be reduced, as when attempting to distinguish between various grades of fuel oil.
This practice is particularly useful for the extraction of nonporous surfaces such as glass, or the interior of burned containers. It is also particularly well suited to the extraction of materials from very small samples.
This practice can be hampered by coincident extraction of interfering compounds present in the fire debris samples.
This practice may not be useful for the extraction of some extremely volatile ignitable liquids, which may evaporate during the concentration step.
This is a destructive technique. Whenever possible, this technique should only be used when a representative portion of the sample can be reserved for reanalysis. Those portions of the sample subjected to this procedure may not be suitable for resampling. If destruction of the sample is an issue, consider using passive headspace concentration as described in Practice E1412.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for removing small quantities of ignitable liquid residue from samples of fire debris using solvent to extract the residue.
1.2 This practice is suitable for successfully extracting ignitable liquid residues over the entire range of concentrations.
1.3 Alternate separation and concentration procedures are listed in the referenced documents (Practices E1388, E1412, E1413, and E2154).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Note 1.
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Designation:E1386–09
Standard Practice for
Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues
1
from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and
Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for removing small
E1618 Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Ex-
quantitiesofignitableliquidresiduefromsamplesoffiredebris
tracts from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-
using solvent to extract the residue.
Mass Spectrometry
1.2 This practice is suitable for successfully extracting
E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignit-
ignitable liquid residues over the entire range of concentra-
able Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Passive
tions.
Headspace Concentration with Solid Phase Microextrac-
1.3 Alternate separation and concentration procedures are
tion (SPME)
listed in the referenced documents (Practices E1388, E1412,
E2451 Practice for Preserving Ignitable Liquids and Ignit-
E1413, and E2154).
able Liquid Residue Extracts from Fire Debris Samples
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Summary of Practice
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 A sample of fire debris is extracted with an organic
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
solvent. The extract is filtered and concentrated using dry
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
nitrogen, filtered air, or inert gas.
hazard statement, see Note 1.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
2
4.1 This practice is useful for preparing extracts from fire
2.1 ASTM Standards:
debris for later analysis by gas chromatography-mass spec-
E752 Practice for Safety and Health Requirements Relating
3 trometry (GC/MS).
to Occupational Exposure to Carbon Disulfide
4.2 This is a very sensitive separation procedure, capable of
E1388 Practice for Sampling of Headspace Vapors from
isolatingquantitiessmallerthan1µLofignitableliquidresidue
Fire Debris Samples
from a sample.
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
4.3 Thispracticeisparticularlyusefulwhenthepotentialfor
from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concen-
fractionation during separation must be reduced, as when
tration With Activated Charcoal
attempting to distinguish between various grades of fuel oil.
E1413 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignit-
4.4 This practice is particularly useful for the extraction of
able Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Dy-
nonporous surfaces such as glass, or the interior of burned
namic Headspace Concentration
containers. It is also particularly well suited to the extraction of
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related
materials from very small samples.
Documentation
4.5 This practice can be hampered by coincident extraction
of interfering compounds present in the fire debris samples.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic
4.6 This practice may not be useful for the extraction of
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of E30.01 on Criminalistics
someextremelyvolatileignitableliquids,whichmayevaporate
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009 Published February 2010. Originally
during the concentration step.
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1386–00(2005) .
DOI: 10.1520/E1386-09. 4.7 This is a destructive technique. Whenever possible, this
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
technique should only be used when a representative portion of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
thesamplecanbereservedforreanalysis.Thoseportionsofthe
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. sample subjected to this procedure may not be suitable for
3
Withdrawn
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E1386–09
resampling. If destruction of the sample is an issue, consider 6.1.1.1 Resolve any discrepancies between the submitting
using passive headspace concentration as described in Practice agent’s description of the evidence and the analyst’s observa-
E1412. tion with the submitting agent prior to the completion of the
rep
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1386–00 (Reapproved 2005) Designation: E1386 – 09
Standard Practice for
Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues
1
from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for removing small quantities of flammable or combustible ignitable liquid residue from
samples of fire debris using solvent to extract the residue.
1.2 This practice is suitable for successfully extracting flammable or combustible ignitable liquid residues over the entire range
of concentrations.
1.3 Alternate separation and concentration procedures are listed in Test Method the referenced documents (Practices E1388,
E1412, E1387E1413, and E2154).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Note 1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
E752 Practice for Safety and Health Requirements Relating to Occupational Exposure to Carbon Disulfide
E1387Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography 1388 Practice
for Sampling of Headspace Vapors from Fire Debris Samples
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concentration
With Activated Charcoal
E1413 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Dynamic
Headspace Concentration
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related Documentation
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
E1618 Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry
E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace
Concentration with Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME)
E2451 Practice for Preserving Ignitable Liquids and Ignitable Liquid Residue Extracts from Fire Debris Samples
3. Summary of Practice
3.1 A sample of fire debris is extracted with an organic solvent. The extract is filtered and concentrated using dry nitrogen,
filtered air, or inert gas.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice is useful for preparing extracts from fire debris for later analysis by gas chromatography, GC/MS, or GC/IR.
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic Sciences and is the direct responsibility of E30.01 on Criminalistics.
Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E1386–00. DOI:
10.1520/E1386-00R05. on Criminalistics
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009 Published February 2010. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1386–00(2005) . DOI:
10.1520/E1386-09.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1386 – 09
4.2 This is a very sensitive separation procedure, capable of isolating quantities smaller than 1 µL of ignitable liquid residue
from a sample.
4.3 This practice is particularly useful when the potential for fractionation during separation must be reduced, as when
attempting to distinguish between various grades of fuel oil.
4.4 Thispracticeisparticularlyusefulfortheextractionofnonporoussurfacessuchasglass,ortheinteriorofburnedcontainers.
It is also particularly well suited to the extraction of materials from very small samples.
4.5 This
...
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