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ASTM E399-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness KIC of Metallic Materials

Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K<sub>IC</sub> of Metallic Materials

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fracture toughness (KIc) of metallic materials under predominantly linear-elastic, plane-strain conditions using fatigue precracked specimens having a thickness of 1.6 mm (0.063 in.) or greater subjected to slowly, or in special (elective) cases rapidly, increasing crack-displacement force. Details of test apparatus, specimen configuration, and experimental procedure are given in the Annexes.
Note 1—Plane-strain fracture toughness tests of thinner materials that are sufficiently brittle (see 7.1) can be made using other types of specimens (1).³ There is no standard test method for such thin materials.
1.2 This test method is divided into two parts. The first part gives general recommendations and requirements for KIc testing. The second part consists of Annexes that give specific information on displacement gage and loading fixture design, special requirements for individual specimen configurations, and detailed procedures for fatigue precracking. Additional annexes are provided that give specific procedures for beryllium and rapid-force testing.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2005
ICS
49.025.01 - Materials for aerospace construction in general
Technical Committee
E08 - Fatigue and Fracture
Drafting Committee
E08.07 - Fracture Mechanics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E399-90(1997) - Standard Test Method for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Replaced By
ASTM E399-06 - Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K<sub> Ic</sub> of Metallic Materials
Effective Date
15-Dec-2006
Referred By
ASTM G168-17 - Standard Practice for Making and Using Precracked Double Beam Stress Corrosion Specimens
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM E1457-19e1 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Creep Crack Growth Times in Metals
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM F3122-14(2022) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical Properties of Metal Materials Made via Additive Manufacturing Processes
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM E1823-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM F3056-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Nickel Alloy (UNS N06625) with Powder Bed Fusion
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7779-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Fracture Toughness of Graphite at Ambient Temperature
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM E2472-12(2018)e2 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Resistance to Stable Crack Extension under Low-Constraint Conditions
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM E740/E740M-03(2016) - Standard Practice for Fracture Testing with Surface-Crack Tension Specimens
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM E636-20 - Standard Guide for Conducting Supplemental Surveillance Tests for Nuclear Power Reactor Vessels
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM A504/A504M-18(2023) - Standard Specification for Wrought Carbon Steel Wheels
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM B646-19 - Standard Practice for Fracture Toughness Testing of Aluminum Alloys
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM F1940-07a(2019) - Standard Test Method for Process Control Verification to Prevent Hydrogen Embrittlement in Plated or Coated Fasteners
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1834-16 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Slow Crack Growth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by Constant Stress Flexural Testing (Stress Rupture) at Elevated Temperatures
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005

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ASTM E399-05 - Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K<sub>IC</sub> of Metallic MaterialsASTM E399-05 - Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K<sub>IC</sub> of Metallic Materials
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ASTM E399-05 - Standard Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K<sub>IC</sub> of Metallic Materials
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 399 – 05
Standard Test Method for
Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K of
Ic
1
Metallic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E399; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
Section
Summary of Test Method 4
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fracture
Significance and Use 5
toughness (K ) of metallic materials under predominantly
Significance 5.1
Ic
Precautions 5.1.1-5.1.5
linear-elastic, plane-strain conditions using fatigue precracked
Practical Applications 5.2
2
specimenshavingathicknessof1.6mm(0.063in.)orgreater
Apparatus (see also 1.4) 6
subjected to slowly, or in special (elective) cases rapidly,
Tension Machine 6.1
Fatigue Machine 6.2
increasing crack-displacement force. Details of test apparatus,
Loading Fixtures 6.3
specimen configuration, and experimental procedure are given
Displacement Gage, Measurement 6.4
in the Annexes. Specimen Size, Configurations, and Preparation (see 7
also 1.5)
NOTE 1—Plane-strain fracture toughness tests of thinner materials that
Specimen Size Estimates 7.1
are sufficiently brittle (see 7.1) can be made using other types of Standard and Alternative Specimen Configurations 7.2
3
Fatigue Crack Starter Notches 7.3.1
specimens (1). There is no standard test method for such thin materials.
Fatigue Precracking (see also 1.6) 7.3.2
1.2 This test method is divided into two parts.The first part Crack Extension Beyond Starter Notch 7.3.2.2
General Procedure 8
gives general recommendations and requirements for K
Ic
Specimen Measurements
testing. The second part consists ofAnnexes that give specific
Thickness 8.2.1
information on displacement gage and loading fixture design, Width 8.2.2
Crack Size 8.2.3
special requirements for individual specimen configurations,
Crack Plane Angle 8.2.4
and detailed procedures for fatigue precracking. Additional
Specimen Testing
annexes are provided that give specific procedures for beryl- Loading Rate 8.3
Test Record 8.4
lium and rapid-force testing.
Calculation and Interpretation of Results 9
1.3 General information and requirements common to all
Test Record Analysis 9.1
specimen configurations: P /P Validity Requirement 9.1.3
max Q
Specimen Size Validity Requirements 9.1.4
Section
Reporting 10
Referenced Documents 2
Precision and Bias 11
Terminology 3
Stress-Intensity Factor 3.1.1
1.4 Specific requirements related to test apparatus:
Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness 3.1.2
Double-Cantilever Displacement Gage Annex A1
Crack Plane Orientation 3.1.3
Testing Fixtures Annex A2
Bend Specimen Loading Fixture Annex A2.1
Compact Specimen Loading Clevis Annex A2.2
1 1.5 Specific requirements related to individual specimen
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E08 on Fatigue
and Fracture and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E08.07 on Linear- configurations:
Elastic Fracture.
Bend Specimen SE(B) Annex A3
Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally
Compact Specimen C(T) Annex A4
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as E399–90(1997).
Disk-Shaped Compact Specimen DC(T) Annex A5
2
For additional information relating to the fracture toughness testing of alumi-
Arc-Shaped Tension Specimen A(T) Annex A6
inum alloys, see Practice B645.
Arc-Shaped Bend Specimen A(B) Annex A7
3
Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E399–05
1.6 Specific requirements related to special test procedures: 3.1.2 plane-strain fracture toughness—crack extension re-
sistance under conditions of crack-tip plane strain.
Fatigue Precracking KIc Specimens Annex A8
Hot-Pressed Beryllium Testing Annex A9
3.1.2.1 Forexample,inmodeIforslowratesofloadingand
Rapid-Force Testing Annex A10
under predominantly linear-elastic conditions and negligible
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
plastic-zone adjustment, plain-strain fracture toughness is the
-3/2
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
value of stress-intensity factor designated K [FL ] mea-
Ic
only.
sured using the operational procedure (and satisfying all of the
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
validity requirements) specified in this test method, which
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
provides for the measu
...

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This practice covers the proper procedures for handling, transporting, and installing sample plates used for the gravimetric determination of nonvolatile residue (NVR) within and between environmentally controlled facilities for spacecraft. This procedure shall appropriately require the following apparatuses and materials: Type 316 corrosion-resistant steel NVR plate; Type 316 corrosion-resistant steel NVR plate cover; noncontaminating nylon (polyamide bag); sealable aluminum NVR plate carrier; solvent compatible and resistant work gloves; oil-free aluminum foil; HEPA filters; and HEPA filtered workstation.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the handling, transporting, and installing of sample plates used for the gravimetric determination of nonvolatile residue (NVR) within and between facilities.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E423-71(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Normal Spectral Emittance at Elevated Temperatures of Nonconducting Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The significant features are typified by a discussion of the limitations of the technique. With the description and arrangement given in the following portions of this test method, the instrument will record directly the normal spectral emittance of a specimen. However, the following conditions must be met within acceptable tolerance, or corrections must be made for the specified conditions.  
5.1.1 The effective temperatures of the specimen and blackbody must be within 1 K of each other. Practical limitations arise, however, because the temperature uniformities are often not better than a few kelvins.  
5.1.2 The optical path length in the two beams must be equal, or, preferably, the instrument should operate in a nonabsorbing atmosphere, in order to eliminate the effects of differential atmospheric absorption in the two beams. Measurements in air are in many cases important, and will not necessarily give the same results as in a vacuum, thus the equality of the optical paths for dual-beam instruments becomes very critical.
Note 4: Very careful optical alignment of the spectrophotometer is required to minimize differences in absorptance along the two paths of the instrument, and careful adjustment of the chopper timing to reduce “cross-talk” (the overlap of the reference and sample signals) as well as precautions to reduce stray radiation in the spectrophotometer are required to keep the zero line flat. With the best adjustment, the “100 % line” will be flat to within 3 %.  
5.1.3 Front-surface mirror optics must be used throughout, except for the prism in prism monochromators, and it should be emphasized that equivalent optical elements must be used in the two beams in order to reduce and balance attenuation of the beams by absorption in the optical elements. It is recommended that optical surfaces be free of SiO2 and SiO coatings: MgF2 may be used to stabilize mirror surfaces for extended periods of time. The optical characteristics of these coatings are...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes an accurate technique for measuring the normal spectral emittance of electrically nonconducting materials in the temperature range from 1000 to 1800 K, and at wavelengths from 1 to 35 μm. It is particularly suitable for measuring the normal spectral emittance of materials such as ceramic oxides, which have relatively low thermal conductivity and are translucent to appreciable depths (several millimetres) below the surface, but which become essentially opaque at thicknesses of 10 mm or less.  
1.2 This test method requires expensive equipment and rather elaborate precautions, but produces data that are accurate to within a few percent. It is particularly suitable for research laboratories, where the highest precision and accuracy are desired, and is not recommended for routine production or acceptance testing. Because of its high accuracy, this test method may be used as a reference method to be applied to production and acceptance testing in case of dispute.  
1.3 This test method requires the use of a specific specimen size and configuration, and a specific heating and viewing technique. The design details of the critical specimen furnace are presented in Ref (1),2 and the use of a furnace of this design is necessary to comply with this test method. The transfer optics and spectrophotometer are discussed in general terms.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in t...

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ASTM
ASTM F1210-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments, Lakes and Large Water Bodies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is meant to aid response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.  
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site specific circumstance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.  
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. Chemical dispersants should be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures.  
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered. The dispersibility of the oil with the chosen dispersant should be evaluated.  
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).  
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants to subsurface waters.  
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.  
1.7 This guide does not address getting regulatory approval.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Guide
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off