ASTM B918/B918M-09
(Practice)Standard Practice for Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloys
Standard Practice for Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloys
ABSTRACT
This practice is intended for use in the heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys for general purpose applications. Aluminum alloys are typically heated in air chamber furnaces or molten salt baths. Though lead baths, oil baths, or fluidized beds may be used, uncontrolled heating is not permitted. The furnace temperature uniformity and calibration shall conform to the specified requirements. Preparation for heat treatment of alloys shall follow the racking, spacing, and cleanliness requirements. Solution heat treatment shall follow the recommended soaking times and quenching procedures. Precipitation heat treatment shall conform to the prescribed times, temperatures, and annealing procedures. The alloys shall be subjected to tensile testing, eutectic melting and heat-treat-induced porosity analysis, intergranular corrosion test, and Alclad diffusion test.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for use in the heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys for general purpose applications.
1.1.1 The heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys used in specific aerospace applications is covered in AMS 2772.
1.1.2 Heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings for general purpose applications is covered in Practice B 917/B 917M.
1.2 Times and temperatures appearing in the heat-treatment tables are typical for various forms, sizes, and manufacturing methods and may not provide the optimum heat treatment for a specific item.
1.3 Some alloys in the 6xxx series may achieve the T4 temper by quenching from within the solution temperature range during or immediately following a hot working process, such as upon emerging from an extrusion die. Such alternatives to furnace heating and immersion quenching are indicated in , by Footnote L, for heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys. However, this practice does not cover the requirements for a controlled press heat treatment. (Refer to Practice B 807 for press heat treatment of aluminum alloys.)
1.4 This practice is in inch-pound units.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B918/B918M − 09
Standard Practice for
1
Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B918/B918M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This practice is intended for use in the heat treatment of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
wrought aluminum alloys for general purpose applications.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1.1 The heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys used
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
in specific aerospace applications is covered in AMS 2772.
1.1.2 Heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings for general
2. Referenced Documents
purpose applications is covered in Practice B917/B917M.
2.1 The following documents, of the issue in effect on the
1.2 Times and temperatures appearing in the heat-treatment date of material purchase, form a part of this specification to
tables are typical for various forms, sizes, and manufacturing the extent referenced herein:
methods and may not provide the optimum heat treatment for 3
2.2 ASTM Standards:
a specific item.
B557Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast
Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
1.3 Some alloys in the 6xxx series may achieve the T4
B881Terminology Relating toAluminum- and Magnesium-
temper by quenching from within the solution temperature
Alloy Products
range during or immediately following a hot working process,
B917/B917MPractice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum-
suchasuponemergingfromanextrusiondie.Suchalternatives
Alloy Castings from All Processes
to furnace heating and immersion quenching are indicated in
G69Test Method for Measurement of Corrosion Potentials
Table 2, by Footnote L, for heat treatment of wrought alumi-
of Aluminum Alloys
num alloys. However, this practice does not cover the require-
ments for a controlled extrusion press or hot rolling mill G110Practice for Evaluating Intergranular Corrosion Resis-
tance of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys by Immersion
solution heat treatment. (Refer to Practice B807 for extrusion
press solution heat treatment of aluminum alloys and to in Sodium Chloride + Hydrogen Peroxide Solution
Practice B947 for hot rolling mill solution heat treatment of 2.3 American National Standard:
3
aluminum alloys.)
H35.1/H35.1(M)AlloyandTemperDesignationSystemsfor
4
Aluminum
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
3. Terminology
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology B881 for definitions
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
of product terms used in this practice.
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
conformance with the standard. 3.2 Definition of Pyrometry Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 control sensor—sensor connected to the furnace tem-
perature controller, which may or may not be recording.
1
3.2.2 load sensor—sensor that is attached to the production
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light
Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 on
material or a representation of production material, that sup-
Aluminum Alloy Wrought Products.
plies temperature data of the production material to process
Current edition approved March 15, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally
instrumentation.
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as B918–01. DOI:
10.1520/B0918_B0918M-09.
3.2.3 monitoring sensor—sensor connected to the monitor-
2
Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA
ing instrument.
15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B918/B918M − 09
TABLE 1 Tests Required
alloys
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:B918–01 Designation:B918/B918M–09
Standard Practice for
1
Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 918/B 918M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice is intended for use in the heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys for general purpose applications.
2
1.1.1 The heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys used in specific aerospace applications is covered in AMS 2772.
1.1.2 Heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings for general purpose applications is covered in Practice B 917/B 917M.
1.2 Times and temperatures appearing in the heat-treatment tables are typical for various forms, sizes, and manufacturing
methods and may not provide the optimum heat treatment for a specific item.
1.3 Some alloys in the 6xxx series may achieve the T4 temper by quenching from within the solution temperature range during
orimmediatelyfollowingahotworkingprocess,suchasuponemergingfromanextrusiondie.Suchalternativestofurnaceheating
and immersion quenching are indicated in Table 2, by Footnote L, for heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys. However, this
practice does not cover the requirements for a controlled press heat treatment. (Refer to Practice B807 for press heat treatment of
aluminum alloys.)
1.4This practice is in inch-pound units. , for heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys. However, this practice does not cover
the requirements for a controlled extrusion press or hot rolling mill solution heat treatment. (Refer to Practice B 807 for extrusion
press solution heat treatment of aluminum alloys and to Practice B 947 for hot rolling mill solution heat treatment of aluminum
3
alloys.)
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 Thefollowingdocuments,oftheissueineffectonthedateofmaterialpurchase,formapartofthisspecificationtotheextent
referenced herein:
3
2.2 ASTM Standards:
B 557 Test Methods offor Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
B 881 Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
3
B 917/B 917M Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Alloy Castings from All Processes Practice for Heat Treatment of
Aluminum-Alloy Castings from All Processes
G69 Test Method for Measurement of Corrosion Potentials of Aluminum Alloys
G110 Practice for Evaluating Intergranular Corrosion Resistance of HeatTreatableAluminumAlloys by Immersion in Sodium
Chloride + Hydrogen Peroxide Solution
2.3 American National Standard:
4
H35.1/H35.1(M) Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals andAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 onAluminumAlloy
Wrought Products.
Current edition approved July 10, 2001. Published September 2001.
Current edition approved March 15, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as B 918 – 01.
2
Available from SAE-AEROSPACE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
2
Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 02.02.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 WestW. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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