ASTM D7279-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon Viscometer
Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon Viscometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Many petroleum products and some non-petroleum products are used as lubricants in the equipment, and the correct operation of the equipment depends upon the appropriate viscosity of the lubricant being used. Additionally, the viscosity of many petroleum fuels is important for the estimation of optimum storage, handling, and operational conditions. Thus, the accurate determination of viscosity is essential to many product specifications.
The viscosity of used oils is a commonly determined parameter in the oil industry to assess the effect of engine wear on the lube oils used, as well as the degradation of the engine parts during operation.
The Houillon viscometer tube method offers automated determination of kinematic viscosity. Typically a sample volume of less than 1 mL is required for the analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids such as fresh and used lubricating oils using a Houillon viscometer in automated mode.
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being measured by this test method is from 2 to 1500 mm2/s (see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant utilized. The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of achieving is between 20°C and 150°C, inclusive; however, the precision has only been determined for the viscosity range 25 to 150 mm2/s at 40°C and 5 to 16 mm2/s at 100°C for the materials listed in the precision section.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6.
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Designation: D7279 − 08
StandardTest Method for
Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by
1
Automated Houillon Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kine-
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
matic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids such as fresh
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
and used lubricating oils using a Houillon viscometer in
Measurement System Performance
automated mode.
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
2
measuredbythistestmethodisfrom2to1500mm /s(seeFig.
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1). The range is dependent on the tube constant utilized. The
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products
temperature range that the apparatus is capable of achieving is
and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
between20°Cand150°C,inclusive;however,theprecisionhas
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of
2
only been determined for the viscosity range 25 to 150 mm /s
Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of
2
at 40°C and 5 to 16 mm /s at 100°C for the materials listed in
Kinematic Viscosity)
the precision section.
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ISO 5725 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measure-
3
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
ment Methods and Results
standard.
ISO/EC17025 GeneralRequirementsfortheCompetenceof
3
Testing and Calibration Laboratories
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.3 NIST Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Re-
4
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
sults
warning statements, see Section 6.
3. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 The kinematic viscosity is determined by measuring the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
time taken for a sample to fill a calibrated volume at a given
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
temperature.Thespecimenisintroducedintotheapparatusand
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
thenflowsintotheviscometertubewhichisequippedwithtwo
ity)
detection cells. The specimen reaches the test temperature of
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers
theviscometerbathandwhentheleadingedgeofthespecimen
and Viscosity Oil Standards
passes in front of the first detection cell, the automated
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
instrument starts the timing sequence. When the leading edge
Petroleum Products
of the specimen passes in front of the second detection cell, the
instrument stops timing the flow. The time interval thus
measured allows the calculation of the kinematic viscosity
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee using a viscometer tube constant determined earlier by calibra-
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
tion with certified viscosity reference standards.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originally
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D7279–06. DOI:
10.1520/D7279-08.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
the ASTM website. Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7279 − 08
NOTE 1—Viscosity range of a Houillon tube is based on most practical flow time of 30
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D7279–06 Designation:D7279–08
Standard Test Method for
Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by
1
Automated Houillon Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementofthekinematicviscosityoftransparentandopaqueliquidssuchasfreshandused
lubricating oils using a Houillon viscometer in automated mode.
1.2The range of kinematic viscosity covered by this test method is from 0.2 to 1000 mm
2
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being measured by this test method is from 2 to 1500 mm /s in the temperature
range between 20°C and 150°C; however, the precision has only been determined for the materials, viscosity range, and
/s (see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant utilized.
temperatures as stated in the precision section (viscosity range 25 to 150 mm
The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of achieving is between 20°C and 150°C, inclusive; however, the precision has only been determined for the viscosity
2
2
range 25 to 150 mm /s at 40°C and 5 to 16 mm /s at 100°C).
1.3 /s at 100°C for the materials listed in the precision section.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D 2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D 6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
Measurement System Performance
D 6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement of ExpectedAgreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D 6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
D 7042 Test Method for DynamicViscosity and Density of Liquids by StabingerViscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic
Viscosity)
2.2 ISO Standards:
3
ISO 5725 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results
3
ISO/EC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
2.3 NIST Standard:
4
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The kinematic viscosity is determined by measuring the time taken for a sample to fill a calibrated volume at a given
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on
Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published October 2006.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D 7279–06.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 3460,1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460.20899-1070, http://
www.nist.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D7279–08
NOTE—Viscosit
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