ASTM F3363-19
(Specification)Standard Specification for Unvented Liquid/Gel Fuel-Burning Portable Devices
Standard Specification for Unvented Liquid/Gel Fuel-Burning Portable Devices
SCOPE
1.1 These requirements apply to devices that:
1.1.1 Sustain a flame over the fuel surface in an open reservoir;
1.1.2 Sustain a flame that does not require external ventilation to remove the combustion emissions, and are therefore ventless;
1.1.3 Burn a liquid, gelled, or otherwise non-solid fuel in an open reservoir or from a disposable, non-refillable, fuel container;
1.1.4 Have a fuel capacity of 2.5 L (0.67 gal) or less;
1.1.5 Have a power output of 1.47 kW (5000 BTU/h) or less;
1.1.6 Are intended to be easily carried or moved by hand; and
1.1.7 Are intended for indoor use, outdoor use, or both.
1.2 These requirements do not apply to devices that:
1.2.1 Are candles;
1.2.2 Are intended to cook or warm food;
1.2.3 Burn solid fuels, as determined by the test method described in Test Methods D4359; or
1.2.4 Do not have an open reservoir such as a refillable oil lamp, outdoor garden, or table torch intended to burn combustible fuel using a wick to sustain the flame (see Appendix X1).
1.3 This specification prescribes minimum safety requirements for devices to help ensure a reasonable degree of safety for normal use, thereby improving personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries.
1.4 This specification is not intended to replace other safety practices such as adult supervision, close monitoring of product when in use, and fire detection, alarm, or suppression systems.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be considered standard. The values in parentheses are explanatory or approximate information.
1.6 This specification is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat, flame, and forces under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 14-Feb-2019
- Technical Committee
- F15 - Consumer Products
- Drafting Committee
- F15.72 - Pre-Filled Containers of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Refers
ASTM D4359-90(2019) - Standard Test Method for Determining Whether a Material Is a Liquid or a Solid - Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2012
- Refers
ASTM D4359-90(2012) - Standard Test Method for Determining Whether a Material Is a Liquid or a Solid - Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2012
- Effective Date
- 15-May-2012
- Effective Date
- 15-Jan-2011
- Effective Date
- 15-Dec-2009
- Effective Date
- 15-Oct-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2009
- Effective Date
- 15-Jul-2007
Overview
ASTM F3363-19: Standard Specification for Unvented Liquid/Gel Fuel-Burning Portable Devices establishes safety requirements for portable devices that burn liquid or gel fuels in an open reservoir and do not require external ventilation for combustion emissions. Developed by ASTM International, this standard improves the safety of ventless decorative fireplaces, fire pots, and similar portable devices intended for use both indoors and outdoors. The scope covers devices that sustain a visible flame over a non-solid fuel, with a fuel capacity of 2.5 liters or less and a maximum power output of 1.47 kW (5000 BTU/h). The standard specifically excludes candles, devices intended for cooking or food warming, and those burning solid fuels.
Key Topics
- Device Applicability:
- Covers portable, hand-carried devices using liquid, gelled, or non-solid fuels in an open reservoir or disposable container.
- Applies to products suitable for indoor and/or outdoor use where no external ventilation for emissions is needed.
- Safety Requirements:
- Stability: Devices must not tip over or spill fuel when subjected to static stability tests.
- Oxygen and CO Levels: Devices for indoor use must not reduce oxygen below 19.5% or raise carbon monoxide above 50 ppm during operation.
- Materials: Construction must use noncombustible materials or physical barriers to isolate combustible parts from the flame.
- Extinguishing Method: Devices must include a means to completely and permanently extinguish the flame, such as a snuffer, within 10 seconds.
- Labeling and Instructions:
- Mandatory placement of permanent, conspicuous safety warning labels.
- Labels must withstand expected use and remain legible and attached under exposure to heat and fuel.
- Instruction manuals must accompany all devices, providing assembly, usage, maintenance, and safety guidelines (including supervision and placement).
- Testing Methods:
- Liquid Accumulation Test: Ensures devices don’t retain hazardous amounts of spilled fuel.
- Stability Test: Devices are tested on an incline to verify resistance to tipping and spillage.
- Indoor Usage Test: Assessment of emission levels and oxygen consumption in a controlled environment.
Applications
ASTM F3363-19 is essential for manufacturers, retailers, and regulatory authorities involved in the production, distribution, and certification of ventless portable fuel-burning devices. Typical devices under this specification include:
- Tabletop decorative fireplaces and fire pots
- Portable ethanol burners and gel fuel fireplaces
- Small, easily movable decorative heaters not intended for cooking
By adhering to this standard, organizations help ensure that products on the market present reduced risk of fire hazards, carbon monoxide exposure, and accidental injury. Compliance supports product approval in many regions and enables manufacturers to meet consumer safety expectations.
Related Standards
For comprehensive safety and performance evaluation, ASTM F3363-19 references and aligns with several other standards:
- ASTM D3828: Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester - for determining fuel classification.
- ASTM D4359: Test Method for Determining Whether a Material Is a Liquid or a Solid.
- ASTM E136: Test Method for Assessing Combustibility of Materials Using a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750°C.
These referenced documents provide additional test methods and material classifications relevant to device safety.
Keywords: unvented fuel-burning device standard, portable ethanol burner safety, ventless fireplace requirements, ASTM F3363 portable hearth, liquid gel fuel device testing, fire safety labeling, stability testing, carbon monoxide limits, tabletop decorative fireplace compliance.
Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM F3363-19 is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Unvented Liquid/Gel Fuel-Burning Portable Devices". This standard covers: SCOPE 1.1 These requirements apply to devices that: 1.1.1 Sustain a flame over the fuel surface in an open reservoir; 1.1.2 Sustain a flame that does not require external ventilation to remove the combustion emissions, and are therefore ventless; 1.1.3 Burn a liquid, gelled, or otherwise non-solid fuel in an open reservoir or from a disposable, non-refillable, fuel container; 1.1.4 Have a fuel capacity of 2.5 L (0.67 gal) or less; 1.1.5 Have a power output of 1.47 kW (5000 BTU/h) or less; 1.1.6 Are intended to be easily carried or moved by hand; and 1.1.7 Are intended for indoor use, outdoor use, or both. 1.2 These requirements do not apply to devices that: 1.2.1 Are candles; 1.2.2 Are intended to cook or warm food; 1.2.3 Burn solid fuels, as determined by the test method described in Test Methods D4359; or 1.2.4 Do not have an open reservoir such as a refillable oil lamp, outdoor garden, or table torch intended to burn combustible fuel using a wick to sustain the flame (see Appendix X1). 1.3 This specification prescribes minimum safety requirements for devices to help ensure a reasonable degree of safety for normal use, thereby improving personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries. 1.4 This specification is not intended to replace other safety practices such as adult supervision, close monitoring of product when in use, and fire detection, alarm, or suppression systems. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be considered standard. The values in parentheses are explanatory or approximate information. 1.6 This specification is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat, flame, and forces under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SCOPE 1.1 These requirements apply to devices that: 1.1.1 Sustain a flame over the fuel surface in an open reservoir; 1.1.2 Sustain a flame that does not require external ventilation to remove the combustion emissions, and are therefore ventless; 1.1.3 Burn a liquid, gelled, or otherwise non-solid fuel in an open reservoir or from a disposable, non-refillable, fuel container; 1.1.4 Have a fuel capacity of 2.5 L (0.67 gal) or less; 1.1.5 Have a power output of 1.47 kW (5000 BTU/h) or less; 1.1.6 Are intended to be easily carried or moved by hand; and 1.1.7 Are intended for indoor use, outdoor use, or both. 1.2 These requirements do not apply to devices that: 1.2.1 Are candles; 1.2.2 Are intended to cook or warm food; 1.2.3 Burn solid fuels, as determined by the test method described in Test Methods D4359; or 1.2.4 Do not have an open reservoir such as a refillable oil lamp, outdoor garden, or table torch intended to burn combustible fuel using a wick to sustain the flame (see Appendix X1). 1.3 This specification prescribes minimum safety requirements for devices to help ensure a reasonable degree of safety for normal use, thereby improving personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries. 1.4 This specification is not intended to replace other safety practices such as adult supervision, close monitoring of product when in use, and fire detection, alarm, or suppression systems. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be considered standard. The values in parentheses are explanatory or approximate information. 1.6 This specification is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat, flame, and forces under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM F3363-19 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 97.100.99 - Heaters using other sources of energy. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM F3363-19 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM E136-24a, ASTM E136-24, ASTM D4359-90(2019), ASTM E136-19, ASTM E136-16a, ASTM D3828-16, ASTM E136-16, ASTM E136-12, ASTM D4359-90(2012), ASTM D3828-12, ASTM E136-11, ASTM E136-09b, ASTM E136-09a, ASTM E136-09, ASTM D3828-07a. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM F3363-19 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F3363 −19
Standard Specification for
Unvented Liquid/Gel Fuel-Burning Portable Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3363; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope and forces under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
1.1 These requirements apply to devices that:
assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under
1.1.1 Sustain a flame over the fuel surface in an open
actual fire conditions.
reservoir;
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.1.2 Sustain a flame that does not require external ventila-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tion to remove the combustion emissions, and are therefore
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ventless;
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1.3 Burn a liquid, gelled, or otherwise non-solid fuel in an
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
open reservoir or from a disposable, non-refillable, fuel con-
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
tainer;
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1.4 Have a fuel capacity of 2.5 L (0.67 gal) or less;
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.1.5 Have a power output of 1.47 kW (5000 BTU/h) or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
less;
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1.6 Are intended to be easily carried or moved by hand;
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and
1.1.7 Are intended for indoor use, outdoor use, or both.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 These requirements do not apply to devices that:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2.1 Are candles;
D3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed
1.2.2 Are intended to cook or warm food;
Cup Tester
1.2.3 Burn solid fuels, as determined by the test method
D4359 Test Method for Determining Whether a Material Is
described in Test Methods D4359;or
a Liquid or a Solid
1.2.4 Do not have an open reservoir such as a refillable oil
E136 TestMethodforAssessingCombustibilityofMaterials
lamp, outdoor garden, or table torch intended to burn combus-
Using a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750°C
tible fuel using a wick to sustain the flame (see Appendix X1).
3. Terminology
1.3 This specification prescribes minimum safety require-
ments for devices to help ensure a reasonable degree of safety
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
for normal use, thereby improving personal safety and reduc-
3.1.1 candle, n—one or more wicks supported by a material
ing fires, deaths, and injuries.
that constitutes a fuel which is solid, semi-solid, or quasi-rigid
at room temperature 20 to 27°C (68 to 80°F); it can also
1.4 This specification is not intended to replace other safety
contain additives that are used for color, scent, stability, or to
practices such as adult supervision, close monitoring of prod-
modify the burning characteristics; the combined function of
uct when in use, and fire detection, alarm, or suppression
which is to sustain a light-producing flame.
systems.
3.1.2 combustible liquid, n—a liquid that has a flashpoint at
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be considered
or above 60°C (140°F), as determined by the test method
standard.Thevaluesinparenthesesareexplanatoryorapproxi-
described in Test Methods D3828.
mate information.
3.1.3 flammable liquid, n—a liquid that has a flashpoint
1.6 This specification is used to measure and describe the
below 60°C (140°F), as determined by the test method de-
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat, flame,
scribed in Test Methods D3828.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.72 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Torch Fuels. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2019. Published February 2019. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F3363-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3363−19
3.1.4 fuel, n—a material that is burned to produce light, 4.2 Devices labeled or intended for use indoors when tested
heat, or power. in accordance to 5.2:
4.2.1 Shall have a room dry oxygen concentration at or
3.1.5 fuel-burning feature, n—a component intended to
above 19.5 V% for the duration of the test.
contain fuel and intended to produce a flame.
4.2.2 Shall have a room carbon monoxide concentration at
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Examples of fuel-burning features in-
or below 50 ppm for the duration of the test.
clude non-refillable canisters, refillable canisters with wicks,
and integral fuel reservoirs with wicks.
4.3 All devices when tested in accordance to the Static
Stability test, 5.3:
3.1.6 integral fuel reservoir with a wick, n—fuel reservoir
4.3.1 Shall not tip over in any position tested.
with an installed wick or wick media that is part of the device
4.3.2 Shall not spill liquid in any position tested.
that fuel can be poured into and is designed to allow the fuel to
burn.
5. Test Methods
3.1.7 noncombustible material, n—a material that will not
combust or ignite under usage conditions.
5.1 Liquid Accumulation Test:
3.1.7.1 Discussion—Materials that pass Test Method E136
5.1.1 Test Summary—Water is poured in all locations of the
are considered noncombustible.
device that would typically hold a flame. This test evaluates
whether the device can accumulate fluids.
3.1.8 non-refillable canister, n—a replaceable fuel container
5.1.2 Hazards, [reserved].
that is intended to allow the fuel supplied within the container
5.1.3 Apparatus:
to burn, then be discarded upon complete consumption of the
5.1.3.1 A means of pouring water.
fuel.
3.1.8.1 Discussion—Anon-refillable canister may include a 5.1.3.2 A leveled and permeable surface.
wick. 5.1.3.3 A collector basin.
3.1.8.2 Discussion—A non-refillable canister is one that is 5.1.3.4 A method to measure water quantity.
intended to be disposed of after use and not refilled. 5.1.4 Procedure:
5.1.4.1 In accordance to the manufacturer’s instructions,
3.1.9 non-removable wick, n—a wick or wick media within
place the device on a leveled and permeable surface.
a fuel burning feature that cannot be removed without the use
5.1.4.2 Place a sufficiently large collector basin below the
of tools.
device and permeable surface.
3.1.10 open reservoir, n—a reservoir intended to contain
5.1.4.3 Identify all fuel burning areas, locations in the
fuel that is not enclosed.
device intended to support a fuel burning feature.
3.1.11 refillable canister with a wick, n—a replaceable fuel
5.1.4.4 Select one of the locations identified in 5.1.4.3.
container with an installed wick or wick media that is required
5.1.4.5 Determine the amount of water to pour by using a
for the fuel to burn.
volume equivalent to the manufacturer’s maximum recom-
3.1.12 wick, n—a piece of material that draws up fuel to
mended reservoir fuel volume.
flame by capillary action.
5.1.4.6 Pour the water into the selected fuel burning area.
5.1.4.7 Wait 30 seconds and measure the amount of water in
3.1.13 wick media, n—a volume-filling material that draws
the basin.
up fuel to a flame by capillary action.
5.1.4.8 Repeat 5.1.4.5 to 5.1.4.7 until all identified locations
4. Requirements
in 5.1.4.3 are tested.
5.1.5 Calculation of Results—The device is considered to
4.1 General Requirements:
accumulate water if less than 85 % of the water accumulates in
4.1.1 When tested in accordance to 5.1, water shall not be
the basin after pouring into any fuel burning area.
abletoaccumulateinanylocationinthedevicethatisintended
to support or hold a fuel burning feature, except:
5.2 Indoor Usage Test:
4.1.1.1 If the device only uses pourable combustible liquid,
5.2.1 Test Summary—The device is placed in a sealed room
is labeled accordingly, and the device has a fuel-burning
and operated until the fuel is completely combusted. The dry
feature with a non-removable wick.
oxygen and carbon monoxide concentrations are monitored at
4.1.1.2 If the device sustains a flame apart from the refuel-
three locations and averaged together.
ingarea,therefuelingareaisaseparatelocationfromtheflame
5.2.2 Hazards—Warning—There is an inherent risk when
and at least a distance of 7.5 cm (3 in.).
working with and around open flames and in the presence of
4.1.2 Devices shall be made of noncombustible material, or
products of combustion.
combustible materials with a physical barrier or other technol-
5.2.2.1 Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
ogy that completely prevents the flame from coming into
5.2.2.2 Ensure the flame is out and the fuel burning feature
contact with the combustible materials.
is cool before refueling the device.
4.1.3 The device shall be supplied with a means of com-
5.2.2.3 Keep fire suppression equipment capable of mitigat-
pletely covering the fuel surface such that the flame will
ing the potential fire situations readily available.
permanently extinguish within 10 seconds.
5.2.2.4 Only enter confined spaces with products of com-
bustion after the confined space has been fully ventilated and
NOTE 1—A detached snuffer capable of permanently extinguishing the
flame in 10 seconds is sufficient to meet this requirement. the air is safe to breathe.
F3363−19
5.2.2.5 When pouring flammable liquids from closed 5.2.4.4 Place the device in the center of the room at a height
necked containers, use flame mitigation devices to reduce the of at least 50 cm (19 ⁄8 in.) from the floor and at least 100 cm
risk of flame jetting. (39 ⁄8 in.) below the ceiling.
5.2.4.5 Fuel the device according to the manufacturer’s
5.2.2.6 Use appropriate equipment for monitoring enclosed
instructions to either the maximum fill level or with the largest
spaces before entry.
non-refillable canister the device will accept.
5.2.3 Apparatus:
3 5.2.4.6 Ignite the fuel and seal the room by closing the door.
5.2.3.1 Arectangular room with a volume of 28.3 6 0.3 m
5.2.4.7 Burn the fuel until it is completely combusted.
(1000 6 10 ft ) with each dimension a minimum of 2.4 m (7
ft 10 ⁄2 in.) that is capable of being reasonably sealed thereby
NOTE 4—Do not enter the room. Acceptable ways to determine if the
fuel is completely combusted include temperature measurements, visible
preventing infiltration of air.
or IR video monitoring, and weight measu
...
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