ASTM D7279-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon Viscometer
Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon Viscometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Many petroleum products and some non-petroleum products are used as lubricants in the equipment, and the correct operation of the equipment depends upon the appropriate viscosity of the lubricant being used. Additionally, the viscosity of many petroleum fuels is important for the estimation of optimum storage, handling, and operational conditions. Thus, the accurate determination of viscosity is essential to many product specifications.
4.2 The viscosity of used oils is a commonly determined parameter in the oil industry to assess the effect of engine wear on the lube oils used, as well as the degradation of the engine parts during operation.
4.3 The Houillon viscometer tube method offers automated determination of kinematic viscosity. Typically a sample volume of less than 1 mL is required for the analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids; such as base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, biodiesel blends, and used lubricating oils using a Houillon viscometer in automated mode.
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being measured by this test method is from 2 mm2/s to 1500 mm2/s (see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant utilized. The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of achieving is between 20 °C and 150 °C, inclusive. However, the precision has only been determined for the viscosity range; 2 mm2/s to 478 mm2/s at 40 °C for base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends; 3 mm2/s to 106 mm2/s at 100 °C for base oils and formulated oils; 25 mm2/s to 150 mm2/s at 40 °C and 5 mm2/s to 16 mm2/s at 100 °C for used lubricating oils. As indicated for the materials listed in the precision section.
FIG. 1 Houillon Viscometer Typical Viscosity Range of Tube Constants
Note 1: Viscosity range of a Houillon tube is based on most practical flow time of 30 s to 200 s.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6.
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Designation: D7279 − 14
StandardTest Method for
Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by
1
Automated Houillon Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
ity)
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kine-
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers
matic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids; such as base
and Viscosity Oil Standards
oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, biodiesel blends, and
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
used lubricating oils using a Houillon viscometer in automated
Petroleum Products
mode.
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being
Petroleum Products
2 2
measured by this test method is from 2 mm /s to 1500 mm /s
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
(see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
utilized.The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of
Measurement System Performance
achieving is between 20 °C and 150 °C, inclusive. However,
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
the precision has only been determined for the viscosity range;
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
2 2
2mm /s to 478 mm /s at 40 °C for base oils, formulated oils,
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
2
diesel oil, biodiesel, and biodiesel blends; 3 mm /s to
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products
2
106 mm /s at 100 °C for base oils and formulated oils;
and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
2 2 2 2
25 mm /s to 150 mm /s at 40 °C and 5 mm /s to 16 mm /s at
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of
100 °C for used lubricating oils.As indicated for the materials
Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of
listed in the precision section.
Kinematic Viscosity)
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this ISO 5725 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measure-
3
standard. ment Methods and Results
ISO/EC17025 GeneralRequirementsfortheCompetenceof
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3
Testing and Calibration Laboratories
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.3 NIST Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Re-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
4
sults
warning statements, see Section 6.
3. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 The kinematic viscosity is determined by measuring the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
time taken for a sample to fill a calibrated volume at a given
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
temperature.Thespecimenisintroducedintotheapparatusand
thenflowsintotheviscometertubewhichisequippedwithtwo
detection cells. The specimen reaches the test temperature of
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
theviscometerbathandwhentheleadingedgeofthespecimen
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
passes in front of the first detection cell, the automated
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
instrument starts the timing sequence. When the leading edge
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2014.PublishedJuly2014.Originallyapproved
in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D7279 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/
D7279-14.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
the ASTM website. Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7279 − 14
NOTE 1—Viscosity range of a Houillon tube
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7279 − 08 D7279 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by
1
Automated Houillon Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids such as fresh liquids;
such as base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil, biodiesel, biodiesel blends, and used lubricating oils using a Houillon viscometer in
automated mode.
2 2
1.2 The range of kinematic viscosity capable of being measured by this test method is from 22 mm /s to 1500 mm1500 mm /s
(see Fig. 1). The range is dependent on the tube constant utilized. The temperature range that the apparatus is capable of achieving
is between 20°C and 150°C, inclusive; however, 20 °C and 150 °C, inclusive. However, the precision has only been determined
2 2
for the viscosity range 25range; 2 mm /s to 150 mm478 mm /s at 40°C and 5 40 °C for base oils, formulated oils, diesel oil,
2 2 2
biodiesel, and biodiesel blends; 3 mm /s to 16 mm106 mm /s at 100°C for 100 °C for base oils and formulated oils; 25 mm /s to
2 2 2
150 mm /s at 40 °C and 5 mm /s to 16 mm /s at 100 °C for used lubricating oils. As indicated for the materials listed in the
precision section.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic
Viscosity)
2.2 ISO Standards:
3
ISO 5725 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results
3
ISO/EC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
2.3 NIST Standard:
4
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008May 1, 2014. Published August 2008July 2014. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 as
D7279D7279 – 08.–06. DOI: 10.1520/D7279-08.10.1520/D7279-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7279 − 14
NOTE 1—Viscosity range of a Houillon tube is based on most p
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