ASTM C1670/C1670M-23a

Standard Specification for Adhered Manufactured Stone Masonry Veneer Units

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer (AMSMV) units which are manufactured from cementitious materials, aggregates, air-entraining admixtures, concrete admixtures, coloring pigments, reinforcement fibers, and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of stone, rocks found in nature, and other textures. It also addresses sampling, physical properties and testing, finish and appearance, product identification and packaging, and reporting.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units applied as an adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls and structures suitable to receive units.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of delivery. This standard does not address the physical evaluation of installed units removed from service.  
1.3 The units described by this specification are manufactured from a mixture of cement, normal or lightweight aggregates (or a combination of both), water, admixtures, other cementitious materials and other components which are wet-cast into shapes simulating the appearance of natural stone and other textures.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: When particular features are desired such as surface textures or color these features should be specified separately. Suppliers should be consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2023
• ICS: 91.060.10 - Walls. Partitions. Facades
• ICS: 91.100.01 - Construction materials in general
• Technical Committee: C15 - Masonry – Manufactured Masonry Units, Mortars and Grouts
• Drafting Committee: C15.03 - Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1670/C1670M-23 - Standard Specification for Adhered Manufactured Stone Masonry Veneer Units
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Refers: ASTM C31/C31M-24a - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM C989/C989M-24 - Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM C31/C31M-24 - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM C1232-23 - Standard Terminology for Masonry
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2023
• Refers: ASTM C140/C140M-23a - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Refers: ASTM C140/C140M-23 - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2023
• Refers: ASTM C31/C31M-23 - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2023
• Refers: ASTM C989/C989M-22 - Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2022
• Refers: ASTM C1232-21a - Standard Terminology for Masonry
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2021
• Refers: ASTM C39/C39M-21 - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2021
• Refers: ASTM C666/C666M-15 - Standard Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C1780-23a - Standard Practice for Installation Methods for Cement-based Adhered Masonry Veneer
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM C1877-19 - Standard Specification for Adhered Concrete Masonry Units
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023

Overview

ASTM C1670/C1670M-23a is the standard specification developed by ASTM International for Adhered Manufactured Stone Masonry Veneer (AMSMV) Units. This specification sets the minimum product requirements for masonry veneer units that are designed to simulate the appearance of natural stone and are applied to exterior and interior walls as adhered veneers. The units are made from cementitious materials, normal and lightweight aggregates, admixtures, coloring pigments, and other components, ensuring durability and aesthetic flexibility. The standard provides guidance for product sampling, testing of physical properties, finish and appearance, packaging, identification, and reporting procedures.

Key Topics

• Product Composition: Defines the required materials such as cementitious compounds, aggregates (normal or lightweight), admixtures, pigments, and reinforcement fibers for manufacturing stone veneer units.
• Physical and Mechanical Properties: Covers testing methods for compressive strength, freeze-thaw durability, shear bond strength, absorption, density, and linear drying shrinkage to ensure product quality and performance at delivery.
• Unit Thickness and Size: Specifies size parameters, including minimum and average unit thickness, maximum dimensions, and tolerances.
• Appearance and Finish: Sets requirements for surface quality, color range, texture, and acceptable limits on chips, cracks, and imperfections.
• Sampling and Testing: Outlines protocols for periodic sampling and testing of product batches to maintain compliance with physical property requirements.
• Identification and Packaging: Requires clear labeling of packages with manufacturer identification, product conformity, and unit details.
• Reporting and Documentation: Details the data required in compliance and test reports, ensuring traceability and transparency for end users and regulators.

Applications

ASTM C1670/C1670M-23a is essential for numerous stakeholders involved in the design, manufacture, and installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer products. Its applications include:

• Residential and Commercial Construction: Used for exterior facades, interior feature walls, fireplaces, and accent details, providing architects and builders with a lightweight, decorative alternative to natural stone.
• Renovation and Retrofitting: Suited for upgrading building aesthetics and energy efficiency without significant structural modification due to the non-load-bearing nature of the units.
• Manufacturers and Suppliers: Provides a benchmark for product development, quality control, and testing processes, helping demonstrate conformity to recognized safety and performance standards.
• Specifiers and Contractors: Assists in project specification writing, procurement, and installation quality assurance, reducing the risk of product failures or aesthetic non-conformance onsite.

Related Standards

ASTM C1670/C1670M-23a references a range of supporting ASTM standards to address materials and test methods, including but not limited to:

• ASTM C31/C31M: Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
• ASTM C33/C33M: Specification for Concrete Aggregates
• ASTM C39/C39M: Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
• ASTM C140/C140M: Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units
• ASTM C150/C150M: Specification for Portland Cement
• ASTM C260/C260M: Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
• ASTM C482: Test Method for Bond Strength of Ceramic Tile to Portland Cement Paste
• ASTM C666/C666M: Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing
• ASTM C157/C157M: Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete

By following ASTM C1670/C1670M-23a and the related standards, manufacturers, designers, and installers ensure consistent quality, safety, and aesthetic results for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer applications across projects.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1670/C1670M − 23a
Standard Specification for
Adhered Manufactured Stone Masonry Veneer Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1670/C1670M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this standard is to establish the minimum product specifications for adhered
manufactured stone masonry veneer units. These units are manufactured using a wet cast concrete
mixture and finished to simulate stone, rocks found in nature, and other textures.
or color these features should be specified separately. Suppliers should be
1. Scope*
consulted as to the availability of units having the desired features.
1.1 This specification covers the minimum product require-
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
ments for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
applied as an adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
structures suitable to receive units.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the time of delivery. This standard does not address the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
physical evaluation of installed units removed from service.
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 The units described by this specification are manufac-
tured from a mixture of cement, normal or lightweight aggre-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
gates (or a combination of both), water, admixtures, other
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
cementitious materials and other components which are wet-
Specimens in the Field
cast into shapes simulating the appearance of natural stone and
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
other textures.
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
drical Concrete Specimens
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
C140/C140M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Con-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
crete Masonry Units and Related Units
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened
used independently of the other, and values from the two
Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
systems shall not be combined.
C207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Pur-
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and
poses
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures
footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the
for Concrete
standard.
C330/C330M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Structural Concrete
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C331/C331M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Concrete Masonry Units
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
C482 Test Method for Bond Strength of Ceramic Tile to
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Portland Cement Paste
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
NOTE 1—When particular features are desired such as surface textures
Concrete
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C15.03 on Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as C1670/C1670M – 23. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/C1670_C1670M–23A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1670/C1670M − 23a
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, 4.3 Air-Entraining Admixtures—Specification C260/
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the C260M.
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
4.4 Concrete Admixtures—Specification C494/C494M.
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined 4.5 Coloring Pigments—Specification C979/C979M.
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
4.6 Reinforcement Fibers—Specification C1116/C1116M.
C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to
4.7 Other Constituents:
Rapid Freezing and Thawing
C979/C979M Specification for Pigments for Integrally Col-
4.7.1 Other constituent materials shall be shown by test of
ored Concrete
experience or history of performance under equivalent condi-
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in
tions not to be detrimental to the durability of the adhered
Concrete and Mortars
manufactured stone masonry veneer unit, or adhered manufac-
C1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
tured stone masonry veneer construction, or both.
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic
Cement
5. Compressive Strength
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
5.1 From each manufacturing location, obtain representa-
C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious
tive samples from standard production of each concrete mix
Mixtures
used for units in accordance with 5.2.
3. Terminology
5.1.1 Compressive strength shall be based on testing of
mixes using the same manufacturing process, materials or their
3.1 Terminology defined in Terminology C1232 shall apply
sources, concrete mix design, production methods, and curing
for this specification.
methods. Production of units of varying size, shape, color, or
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
configuration shall not constitute a manufacturing process
3.2.1 adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer unit,
change. Sampling and testing shall be performed at intervals
n—a non-load bearing masonry unit that is produced by
not to exceed 12 months to meet the requirements of this
wet-cast blending of cementitious material, lightweight and
standard.
other aggregates, pigments and admixtures, designed to be
applied with a cementitious mortar to a backing surface.
NOTE 2—It is common practice to use the same mix design to produce
a wide variety of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer unit shapes,
3.2.2 unit profile, n—the combination of units that represent
sizes, and configurations. This standard only requires the evaluation of the
the range of shapes and sizes provided in the specified veneer.
compressive strength of each mix design, not each unit configuration
produced by a common mix design.
3.2.3 average thickness, n—the mean of the depth measure-
ment of the unit as measured from the back side to the face
5.2 Sample the concrete mix in accordance with either 5.2.1
side.
or 5.2.2.
3.2.4 designated area, n—the area of a completed wall
5.2.1 Sample the concrete mix at the manufacturing facility
section that is used to verify compliance.
from standard production mix.
3.2.5 saturated density, n—the water saturated weight of the
5.2.2 Sample the individual materials used for the concrete
cured specimen divided by the volume of the specimen. mix and deliver to the testing laboratory. The laboratory shall
mix concrete using the proportions and procedures provided by
3.2.6 wet cast, adj—manufactured from a measurable slump
the manufacturer.
concrete.
5.3 From the concrete mix, prepare three 4-in. diameter by
4. Materials
8-in. [100 mm by 200 mm] cylinders. Form compressive
4.1 Cementitious materials shall conform to the following
strength specimens in accordance with Practice C31/C31M
applicable specifications:
except as modified by 5.3.1 through 5.3.5:
4.1.1 Portland Cement—Specification C150/C150M.
5.3.1 Measure slump (or slump flow) and temperature of the
4.1.2 Blended Hydraulic Cements—Specification C595/
concrete mix. Measurement of air content of the mix is
C595M.
optional. See Note 3.
4.1.3 Pozzolans—Specification C618.
4.1.4 Slag Cement—Specification C989/C989M.
NOTE 3—Air content of a concrete mix can be useful information for
4.1.5 Hydraulic Cement—Specification C1157/C1157M. correlating with compressive strength, freeze-thaw durability, and other
properties.
4.1.6 Silica Fume—Specification C1240.
4.1.7 Hydrated Lime—Specification C207.
5.3.2 Follow Practice C31/C31M standard curing proce-
dures for the first 48 hours after casting. For specimens
4.2 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the following
prepared in the laboratory, continue to store specimens in
specifications, except for grading requirements:
molds at standard curing conditions. For specimens prepared at
4.2.1 Normal Weight Aggregates—Specification C33/
a manufacturing facility, transport them to the laboratory
C33M.
between 48 hours and 7 days after casting.
4.2.2 Lightweight Aggregates—Specification C330/C330M
or C331/C331M. 5.3.3 De-mold cylinders at an age of 7 days 6 12 hours.
C1670/C1670M − 23a
5.3.4 For cylinders prepared at a manufacturing facility the elasticity and durability factor. Measurement of fundamental
time requirements for transportation do not apply when speci- transverse frequency is optional.
mens are shipped to the testing laboratory.
6.4.1.2 Subject the molded beams to 50 consecutive cycles
5.3.5 After demolding, follow Final Curing requirements in
of freezing and thawing.
Practice C31/C31M.
6.4.1.3 Determine mass loss in accordance with the proce-
dures in 6.4.3.
5.4 Test specimens at an age of 28 days 6 20 hours in
6.4.2 No single specimen in a group of three specimens
accordance with Test Method C39/C39M.
shall exhibit a mass loss greater than 1.5 % or show any
5.5 The average compressive strength of three specimens
fracture completely through the cross section when tested in
shall be a minimum of 2100 psi [15 MPa] with no individual
accordance with Test Method C666/C666M, Procedure A, with
specimen having a measured compressive strength less than
the modifications listed in 6.4.1.
1800 psi [12 MPa].
6.4.3 Determine mass loss in accordance with the following
procedure:
6. Freeze-Thaw Durability
6.4.3.1 Following air curing, immerse specimens in water
6.1 From each manufacturing location, obtain representa-
for 48 – 52 hours.
tive samples from standard production of each concrete mix
6.4.3.2 Following immersion, specimen shall be removed
used for units in accordance with 6.2.
from water and excess surface water removed by blotting with
6.1.1 Freeze-thaw durability shall be based on testing of
damp cloth or fabric towel. Following blotting, measure the
mixes using the same manufacturing process, materials or their
mass of the specimen within 60 6 5 seconds after removal
sources, concrete mix design, production methods, and curing
from water. Record the mass as M .
methods. Production of units of varying size, shape, color, or
6.4.3.3 Protect specimens against loss of moisture between
configuration shall not constitute a manufacturing process
the time of removal from curing and the start of freezing and
change. Sampling and testing shall be performed at intervals
thawing cycles. After weighing, place specimens in freeze-
not to exceed 24 months to meet the requirements of this
thaw chamber and begin testing.
standard.
6.4.3.4 Following the completion of 50 freeze thaw cycles
6.2 Sample the concrete mix in accordance with either 6.2.1
in accordance with Test Method C666/C666M, Procedure A,
or 6.2.2.
the specimens shall be removed from the containers and excess
6.2.1 Sample the concrete mix at the manufacturing facility
surface water shall be removed by blotting with damp cloth or
from standard production mix.
fabric towel. Following blotting, measure the mass of the
6.2.2 Sample the individual materials used for the concrete
specimen within 60 6 5 seconds after removal from water.
mix and deliver to the testing laboratory. The laboratory shall
Record the mass as M .
mix concrete using the proportions and procedures provided by
6.4.3.5 The Percent Mass Loss (PWL) for each specimen
the manufacturer.
shall be determined at 50 cycles and be calculated as follows:
6.3 From the concrete mix, prepare three beams complying
PWL ~beam!, % 5 @~M 2 M !⁄M # × 100
0 1 0
with the dimensional requirements of Test Method C666/
where:
C666M. Form freeze-thaw durability specimens in accordance
PWL (beam) = percent mass loss of beam
with Practice C31/C31M except as modified by 6.3.1 through
M = initial mass of beam following 48-hour satu-
6.3.5:
ration
6.3.1 Measure slump (or slump flow) and temperature of the
M = final mass of beam following 50 freeze/thaw
concrete mix. Measurement of air content of the mix is
cycles
optional. See Note 3.
6.3.2 Follow Practice C31/C31M standard curing proce-
6.4.3.6 Any test specimen which fractures completely
dures for the first 48 hours after casting. For specimens
through the cross section into two or more discrete sections
prepared in the laboratory, continue to store specimens in
shall be recorded as a failure.
molds at standard curing conditions. For specimens prepared at
6.4.4 In the case of specimen failure under 6.4.3.6, the
a manufacturing facility, transport them to the laboratory
failure mode must be reported in detail.
between 48 hours and 7 days after casting.
NOTE 4—Freeze-thaw testing is conducted on prism samples cast from
6.3.3 De-mold specimens at an age of 7 days 6 12 hours.
representative concrete mix designs. While each manufacturer takes
6.3.4 For specimens prepared at a manufacturing facility the
precautions to ensure that the surface color is durable, this freeze-thaw
time requirements fo
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1670/C1670M − 23 C1670/C1670M − 23a
Standard Specification for
Adhered Manufactured Stone Masonry Veneer Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1670/C1670M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this standard is to establish the minimum product specifications for adhered
manufactured stone masonry veneer units. These units are manufactured using a wet cast concrete
mixture and finished to simulate stone, rocks found in nature, and other textures.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the minimum product requirements for adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units applied as
an adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls and structures suitable to receive units.
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of delivery. This standard does not address the physical
evaluation of installed units removed from service.
1.3 The units described by this specification are manufactured from a mixture of cement, normal or lightweight aggregates (or a
combination of both), water, admixtures, other cementitious materials and other components which are wet-cast into shapes
simulating the appearance of natural stone and other textures.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—When particular features are desired such as surface textures or color these features should be specified separately. Suppliers should be consulted
as to the availability of units having the desired features.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.03 on Concrete
Masonry Units and Related Units.
Current edition approved June 15, 2023Dec. 1, 2023. Published June 2023December 2023. Originally approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 20212023 as
C1670/C1670M – 21b.C1670/C1670M – 23. DOI: 10.1520/C1670_C1670M–23.10.1520/C1670_C1670M–23A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1670/C1670M − 23a
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C140/C140M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
C207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
C330/C330M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete
C331/C331M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units
C482 Test Method for Bond Strength of Ceramic Tile to Portland Cement Paste
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
Cements and Concretes
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing
C979/C979M Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
C1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures
3. Terminology
3.1 Terminology defined in Terminology C1232 shall apply for this specification.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer unit, n—a non-load bearing masonry unit that is produced by wet-cast blending
of cementitious material, lightweight and other aggregates, pigments and admixtures, designed to be applied with a cementitious
mortar to a backing surface.
3.2.2 unit profile, n—the combination of units that represent the range of shapes and sizes provided in the specified veneer.
3.2.3 average thickness, n—the mean of the depth measurement of the unit as measured from the back side to the face side.
3.2.4 designated area, n—the area of a completed wall section that is used to verify compliance.
3.2.5 saturated density, n—the water saturated weight of the cured specimen divided by the volume of the specimen.
3.2.6 wet cast, adj—manufactured from a measurable slump concrete.
4. Materials
4.1 Cementitious materials shall conform to the following applicable specifications:
4.1.1 Portland Cement—Specification C150/C150M.
4.1.2 Blended Hydraulic Cements—Specification C595/C595M.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
C1670/C1670M − 23a
4.1.3 Pozzolans—Specification C618.
4.1.4 Slag Cement—Specification C989/C989M.
4.1.5 Hydraulic Cement—Specification C1157/C1157M.
4.1.6 Silica Fume—Specification C1240.
4.1.7 Hydrated Lime—Specification C207.
4.2 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the following specifications, except for grading requirements:
4.2.1 Normal Weight Aggregates—Specification C33/C33M.
4.2.2 Lightweight Aggregates—Specification C330/C330M or C331/C331M.
4.3 Air-Entraining Admixtures—Specification C260/C260M.
4.4 Concrete Admixtures—Specification C494/C494M.
4.5 Coloring Pigments—Specification C979/C979M.
4.6 Reinforcement Fibers—Specification C1116/C1116M.
4.7 Other Constituents:
4.7.1 Other constituent materials shall be shown by test of experience or history of performance under equivalent conditions not
to be detrimental to the durability of the adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer unit, or adhered manufactured stone masonry
veneer construction, or both.
5. Compressive Strength
5.1 From each manufacturing location, obtain representative samples from standard production of each concrete mix used for units
in accordance with 5.2.
5.1.1 Compressive strength shall be based on testing of mixes using the same manufacturing process, materials or their sources,
concrete mix design, production methods, and curing methods. Production of units of varying size, shape, color, or configuration
shall not constitute a manufacturing process change. Sampling and testing shall be performed at intervals not to exceed 12 months
to meet the requirements of this standard.
NOTE 2—It is common practice to use the same mix design to produce a wide variety of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer unit shapes, sizes,
and configurations. This standard only requires the evaluation of the compressive strength of each mix design, not each unit configuration produced by
a common mix design.
5.2 Sample the concrete mix in accordance with either 5.2.1 or 5.2.2.
5.2.1 Sample the concrete mix at the manufacturing facility from standard production mix.
5.2.2 Sample the individual materials used for the concrete mix and deliver to the testing laboratory. The laboratory shall mix
concrete using the proportions and procedures provided by the manufacturer.
5.3 From the concrete mix, prepare three 4-in. diameter by 8-in. [100 mm by 200 mm] cylinders. Form compressive strength
specimens in accordance with Practice C31/C31M except as modified by 5.3.1 through 5.3.35.3.5:
C1670/C1670M − 23a
5.3.1 Measure slump (or slump flow) and temperature of the concrete mix. Measurement of air content of the mix is optional. See
Note 3.
NOTE 3—Air content of a concrete mix can be useful information for correlating with compressive strength, freeze-thaw durability, and other properties.
5.3.2 Do not disturbFollow Practice C31/C31M the cylinders for a minimum of 48 hours standard curing procedures for the first
48 hours after casting. For specimens prepared in the laboratory, continue to store specimens in molds at standard curing
conditions. For specimens prepared at a manufacturing facility, transport them to the laboratory between 48 hours and 7 days after
casting.
5.3.3 De-mold cylinders at an age of 7 days 6 12 hours.
5.3.4 For cylinders prepared at a manufacturing facility the time requirements for transportation do not apply when specimens are
shipped to the testing laboratory.
5.3.5 After demolding, follow Final Curing requirements in Practice C31/C31M.
5.4 Test specimens at an age of 28 days 6 20 hours in accordance with Test Method C39/C39M.
5.5 The average compressive strength of three specimens shall be a minimum of 2100 psi [15 MPa] with no individual specimen
having a measured compressive strength less than 1800 psi [12 MPa].
6. Freeze-Thaw Durability
6.1 From each manufacturing location, obtain representative samples from standard production of each concrete mix used for units
in accordance with 6.2.
6.1.1 Freeze-thaw durability shall be based on testing of mixes using the same manufacturing process, materials or their sources,
concrete mix design, production methods, and curing methods. Production of units of varying size, shape, color, or configuration
shall not constitute a manufacturing process change. Sampling and testing shall be performed at intervals not to exceed 24 months
to meet the requirements of this standard.
6.2 Sample the concrete mix in accordance with either 6.2.1 or 6.2.2.
6.2.1 Sample the concrete mix at the manufacturing facility from standard production mix.
6.2.2 Sample the individual materials used for the concrete mix and deliver to the testing laboratory. The laboratory shall mix
concrete using the proportions and procedures provided by the manufacturer.
6.3 From the concrete mix, prepare three beams complying with the dimensional requirements of Test Method C666/C666M.
Form freeze-thaw durability specimens in accordance with Practice C31/C31M except as modified by 6.3.1 through 6.3.36.3.5:
6.3.1 Measure slump (or slump flow) and temperature of the concrete mix. Measurement of air content of the mix is optional. See
Note 3.
6.3.2 Follow Practice C31/C31M standard curing procedures for the first 48 hours after casting. For specimens prepared in the
laboratory, continue to store specimens in molds at standard curing conditions. For specimens prepared at a manufacturing facility,
transport them to the laboratory between 48 hours and 7 days after casting.
6.3.3 De-mold specimens at an age of 7 days 6 12 hours.
6.3.4 For specimens prepared at a manufacturing facility the time requirements for transportation do not apply when specimens
are shipped to the testing laboratory.
6.3.5 Air cure the specimens for 28 days 6 20 hours.
C1670/C1670M − 23a
6.4 Testing Requirements:
6.4.1 Specimens shall be tested using Test Method C666/C666M, Procedure A, with the following modifications:
6.4.1.1 The method of evaluation is based on cumulative percent loss in mass and not relative dynamic modulus of elasticity and
durability factor. Measurement of fundamental transverse frequency is optional.
6.4.1.2 Subject the molded beams to 50 consecutive cycles of freezing and thawing.
6.4.1.3 Determine mass loss in accordance with the procedures in 6.4.3.
6.4.2 No single specimen in a group of three specimens shall exhibit a mass loss greater than 1.5 % or show any fracture
completely through the cross section when tested in accordance with Test Method C666/C666M, Procedure A, with the
modifications listed in 6.4.1.
6.4.3 Determine mass loss in accordance with the following procedure:
6.4.3.1 Following air curing, immerse specimens in water for 48 – 52 hours.
6.4.3.2 Following immersion, specimen shall be removed from water and excess surface water removed by blotting with damp
cloth or fabric towel. Following blotting, measure the mass of the specimen within 60 6 5 seconds after removal from water.
Record the mass as M .
6.4.3.3 Protect specimens against loss of moisture between the time of removal from curing and the start of freezing and thawing
cycles. After weighing, place specimens in freeze-thaw chamber and begin testing.
6.4.3.4 Following the completion of 50 freeze thaw cycles in accordance with Test Method C666/C666M, Procedure A, the
specimens shall be removed from the containers and excess surface water shall be removed by blotting with damp cloth or fabric
towel. Following blotting, measure the mass of the specimen within 60 6 5 seconds after removal from water. Record the mass
as M .
6.4.3.5 The Percent Mass Loss (PWL) for each specimen shall be determined at 50 cycles and be calculated as follows:
PWL ~beam!, % 5 @~M 2 M !⁄M # ×100
0 1 0
where:
PWL (beam) = percent mass loss of beam
M = initial mass of beam following 48-hour saturation
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