ASTM E1719-12

Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquids by Ebulliometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Vapor pressure is a fundamental thermodynamic property of a liquid. Vapor pressure and boiling temperature data are required for material safety data sheets (MSDS), the estimation of volatile organic compounds (VOC), and other needs related to product safety. Vapor pressures are important for prediction of the transport of a chemical in the environment; see Test Method E1194.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes procedures for determination of the vapor pressure of liquids by ebulliometry (boiling point measurements). It is applicable to pure liquids and azeotropes that have an atmospheric boiling point between 285 and 575 K and that can be condensed completely and returned to the ebulliometer boiler, that is, all materials must be condensable at total reflux. Liquid mixtures may be studied if they do not contain non-condensable components. Liquid mixtures that contain trace amounts of volatile but completely condensable components may also be studied, but they will produce vapor pressure data of greater uncertainty. Boiling point temperatures are measured at applied pressures of 1.0 to 100 kPa (7.5 to 760 torr).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 There is no ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2012
• ICS: 17.100 - Measurement of force, weight and pressure
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.01 - Calorimetry and Mass Loss

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1719-05 - Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquids by Ebulliometry
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E2071-21 - Standard Practice for Calculating Heat of Vaporization or Sublimation from Vapor Pressure Data
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1719 − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Vapor Pressure of Liquids by Ebulliometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1719; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2879Test Method for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Rela-
tionship and Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liq-
1.1 Thistestmethoddescribesproceduresfordetermination
uids by Isoteniscope
of the vapor pressure of liquids by ebulliometry (boiling point
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
measurements). It is applicable to pure liquids and azeotropes
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
thathaveanatmosphericboilingpointbetween285and575K
ASTM Test Methods
and that can be condensed completely and returned to the
E1142Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
ebulliometer boiler, that is, all materials must be condensable
E1194Test Method for Vapor Pressure
at total reflux. Liquid mixtures may be studied if they do not
E1970PracticeforStatisticalTreatmentofThermoanalytical
contain non-condensable components. Liquid mixtures that
Data
contain trace amounts of volatile but completely condensable
components may also be studied, but they will produce vapor
3. Terminology
pressuredataofgreateruncertainty.Boilingpointtemperatures
aremeasuredatappliedpressuresof1.0to100kPa(7.5to760 3.1 Definitions:
torr).
3.1.1 The following terms are applicable to this test method
and can be found in Terminology E1142; boiling temperature
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
and vapor pressure.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method
standard.
refer to Terminology E1142.
1.3 There is no ISO equivalent to this standard.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 ebulliometer—aone-stage,total-refluxboilerdesigned
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to minimize superheating of the boiling liquid.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 manostat—a device for maintaining constant vacuum
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
or pressure.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
3.2.3 superheating—the act of heating a liquid above the
statements, see Section 8.
equilibrium boiling temperature for a particular applied pres-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
sure.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.3 Symbols:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
A, B, C = Antoine vapor pressure equation constants (log ,
10
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
kPa, K) for the Antoine vapor pressure equation:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
log P =A−B /(T+C).
10
2. Referenced Documents
P = vapor pressure, kPa.
2 T = absolute temperature, K.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
4. Summary of Test Method
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE37onThermal
4.1 A specimen is charged to the ebulliometer boiler. The
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Calo-
ebulliometer is connected to a manostat, and coolant is
rimetry and Mass Loss.
circulatedthroughtheebulliometercondenser.Themanostatis
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published July 2012. Originally
set at a low pressure, and the specimen is heated to the boiling
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1719–05. DOI:
10.1520/E1719-12.
temperature. The boiling temperature and manostat pressure
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
are recorded upon reaching a steady-state, and the manostat
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
pressureisraisedtoahighervalue.Asuitablenumber(usually
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. five or more) of boiling temperature points are recorded at
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E1719 − 12
successively higher controlled pressures. The pressure-
temperature data are fitted to the Antoine vapor pressure
equation. Vapor pressure values required for specific reports
are then computed from the derived equation.
4.2 The capability of the entire apparatus (ebull
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1719–05 Designation:E1719–12
Standard Test Method for
1
Vapor Pressure of Liquids by Ebulliometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1719; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes procedures for determination of the vapor pressure of liquids by ebulliometry (boiling point
measurements). It is applicable to pure liquids and azeotropes that have an atmospheric boiling point between 285 and 575 K and
that can be condensed completely and returned to the ebulliometer boiler, that is, all materials must be condensable at total reflux.
Liquid mixtures may be studied if they do not contain non-condensable components. Liquid mixtures that contain trace amounts
of volatile but completely condensable components may also be studied, but they will produce vapor pressure data of greater
uncertainty. Boiling point temperatures are measured at applied pressures of 1.0 to 100 kPa (7.5 to 760 torr).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 There is no ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2879 Test Method for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relationship and Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liquids by
Isoteniscope
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
E1194 Test Method for Vapor Pressure
E1970 Practice for Statistical Treatment of Thermoanalytical Data
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 The following terms are applicable to this test method and can be found in Terminology E1142; boiling temperature and
vapor pressure.
3.1.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method refer to Terminology E1142.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 ebulliometer—a one-stage, total-reflux boiler designed to minimize superheating of the boiling liquid.
3.2.2 manostat—a device for maintaining constant vacuum or pressure.
3.2.3 superheating—the act of heating a liquid above the equilibrium boiling temperature for a particular applied pressure.
3.3 Symbols:Symbols:
A, B, C =Antoine vapor pressure equation constants (log , kPa, K) for theAntoine vapor pressure equation: log P =A−B
10 10
/(T+C).
P =vapor pressure, kPa.
T =absolute temperature, K.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Calorimetry
and Mass Loss.
Current edition approved MarchApril 1, 2005.2012. Published April 2005.July 2012. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 19972005 as
E1719–97.E1719–05. DOI: 10.1520/E1719-05.10.1520/E1719-12.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail]ards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1719–12
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A specimen is charged to the ebulliometer boiler. The ebulliometer is connected to a manostat, and coolant is circulated
through the ebulliometer condenser. The manostat is set at a low pressure, and the specimen is heated to the boiling temperature.
The boiling temperature and manostat pressure are recorded upon reaching a steady-state, and the manostat pressure is raised to
a higher value. A suitable number (usually five or more) of boiling temperature points are recorded at successively higher
controlled pressures. The pressure-temperature data are fitted to the Antoine vapor pressure equation. Vapor pressure values
required for specific reports are then computed from the de
...