ASTM D4213-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Paints by Abrasion Weight Loss
Standard Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Paints by Abrasion Weight Loss
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Interior paint films often become soiled, especially near doorways, windows, and play areas, and frequently need to be cleaned by scrubbing. This test method covers the determination of the relative resistance of paints to erosion when scrubbed.
The precision of scrub resistance measurements in absolute physical values, such as Test Methods D 2486 cycles-to-failure or this test method, microlitres per 100 cycles, is poor due to the relatively large effect of subtle and difficult-to-control variables in test conditions. The test method described herein minimizes this problem by using a standard calibration panel as an integral part of each scrubbing operation and relating its weight loss to that of the paint film under test to establish the latter's scrub resistance.
Note 1—The numerical scrub resistance values obtained by this test method are of significance only in relation to the specific calibration panel types with which the value is obtained. Thus, for example, a scrub resistance value of 83 with a Type X calibration panel would be reported as 83X.
Results obtained by this test method do not necessarily represent the scrub resistance that might be determined if the test film is allowed to dry before testing appreciably longer than the seven-day period specified herein.
Results obtained by this test method do not necessarily relate to ease of soil or stain removal (also referred to as “cleanability” or “cleansability”). To test for those characteristics use Test Methods D 3450 and D 4828.
FIG. 1 Alignment of Panels for Scrubbing
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for determining the resistance of paints to erosion caused by scrubbing. (Note: The term wet abrasion is sometimes used for scrubbing, and wet abrasion resistance or scrubbability for scrub resistance.) Although scrub resistance tests are intended primarily for interior coatings, they are sometimes used with exterior coatings as an additional measure of film performance.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D4213 − 08
StandardTest Method for
1
Scrub Resistance of Paints by Abrasion Weight Loss
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4213; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
Glass Electrode
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
determining the resistance of paints to erosion caused by
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
scrubbing. (Note:The term wet abrasion is sometimes used for
3
cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
scrubbing, and wet abrasion resistance or scrubbability for
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
scrub resistance.) Although scrub resistance tests are intended
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
primarily for interior coatings, they are sometimes used with
exterior coatings as an additional measure of film performance.
3. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1 Thematerialundertestisappliedtoablackplasticscrub
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
testpanel,andafterdryingoneweek,asectionofthetestpanel
only.
is placed in a straight-line abrasion tester, adjacent to a similar
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
section of a standard calibration panel. The two sections are
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
scrubbed simultaneously to produce essentially identical abra-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sion experiences and the amount of erosion loss in each section
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
determined from the panel weights before and after scrubbing.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2 The scrub resistance on a dry-film basis is calculated as
the percent ratio of the weight loss of the calibration panel to
2. Referenced Documents
that of the test panel. From that value, scrub resistance is
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
calculated on the basis of both dry- and wet-film volume.
D562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring
KrebsUnit(KU)ViscosityUsingaStormer-TypeViscom-
4. Significance and Use
eter
4.1 Interior paint films often become soiled, especially near
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
doorways, windows, and play areas, and frequently need to be
D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,
cleaned by scrubbing. This test method covers the determina-
and Related Products
tion of the relative resistance of paints to erosion when
D2486 Test Methods for Scrub Resistance of Wall Paints
scrubbed.
D3450 Test Method for Washability Properties of Interior
Architectural Coatings
4.2 The precision of scrub resistance measurements in
D3980 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of Paint and
absolute physical values, such as Test Methods D2486 cycles-
3
Related Materials (Withdrawn 1998)
to-failureorthistestmethod,microlitresper100cycles,ispoor
D4828 Test Methods for Practical Washability of Organic
due to the relatively large effect of subtle and difficult-to-
Coatings
control variables in test conditions. The test method described
herein minimizes this problem by using a standard calibration
panel as an integral part of each scrubbing operation and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
relating its weight loss to that of the paint film under test to
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
establish the latter’s scrub resistance.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2008. Published April 2008. Originally
NOTE 1—The numerical scrub resistance values obtained by this test
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4213 – 96 (2003).
DOI: 10.1520/D4213-08. method are of significance only in relation to the specific calibration panel
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or types with which the value is obtained. Thus, for example, a scrub
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
resistance value of 83 with a Type X calibration panel would be reported
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
as 83X.
the ASTM website.
3
4.3 Results obtained by this test method do not necessarily
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. represent the scrub resistance that might be determined if the
Copyright © ASTM Internati
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D4213–96(Reapproved2003) Designation:D4213–08
Standard Test Method for
1
Scrub Resistance of Paints by Abrasion Weight Loss
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4213; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for determining the resistance of paints to erosion caused by scrubbing.
(Note: The term wet abrasion is sometimes used for scrubbing, and wet abrasion resistance or scrubbability for scrub resistance.)
Although scrub resistance tests are intended primarily for interior coatings, they are sometimes used with exterior coatings as an
additional measure of film performance.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D 1475 Test Method forFor Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
D 2486 Test Methods for Scrub Resistance of Wall Paints
D 3450 Test Method for Washability Properties of Interior Architectural Coatings
3
D 3980 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of Paint and Related Materials
D 4828 Test Methods for Practical Washability of Organic Coatings
E 70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions withWith the Glass Electrode
E 180 Practice for Determining the Precision ofASTM Methods forAnalysis andTesting of Industrial and Specialty Chemicals
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The material under test is applied to a black plastic scrub test panel, and after drying one week, a section of the test panel
is placed in a straight-line abrasion tester, adjacent to a similar section of a standard calibration panel. The two sections are
scrubbed simultaneously to produce essentially identical abrasion experiences and the amount of erosion loss in each section
determined from the panel weights before and after scrubbing.
3.2 The scrub resistance on a dry-film basis is calculated as the percent ratio of the weight loss of the calibration panel to that
of the test panel. From that value, scrub resistance is calculated on the basis of both dry- and wet-film volume.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Interior paint films often become soiled, especially near doorways, windows, and play areas, and frequently need to be
cleaned by scrubbing. This test method covers the determination of the relative resistance of paints to erosion when scrubbed.
4.2 The precision of scrub resistance measurements in absolute physical values, such as Test Methods D 2486 cycles-to-failure
or this test method, microlitres per 100 cycles, is poor due to the relatively large effect of subtle and difficult-to-control variables
in test conditions. The test method described herein minimizes this problem by using a standard calibration panel as an integral
part of each scrubbing operation and relating its weight loss to that of the paint film under test to establish the latter’s scrub
resistance.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
e1
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2003. Published December 2003. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D4213–96 .
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2008. Published April 2008. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 4213 – 96 (2003).
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
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