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ASTM G115-10

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients

Standard Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
In this guide, factors that shall be considered in conducting a valid test for the determination of the coefficient of friction of a tribosystem are covered, and the use of a standard reporting format for friction data is encouraged.
The factors that are important for a valid test may not be obvious to non-tribologists, and the friction tests referenced will assist in selecting the apparatus and test technique that is most appropriate to simulate a tribosystem of interest.
The tribology literature is replete with friction data that cannot readily be used by others because specifics are not presented on the tribosystem that was used to develop the data. The overall goal of this guide is to provide a reporting format that will enable computer databases to be readily established. These databases can be searched for material couples and tribosystems of interest. Their use will significantly reduce the need for each laboratory to do its own testing. Sufficient information on test conditions will be available to determine applicability of the friction data to the engineer's specific needs.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information to assist in the selection of a method for measuring the frictional properties of materials. Requirements for minimum data and a format for presenting these data are suggested. The use of the suggested reporting form will increase the long-term usefulness of the test results within a given laboratory and will facilitate the exchange of test results between laboratories. It is hoped that the use of a uniform reporting format will provide the basis for the preparation of handbooks and computerized databases.
1.2 This guide applies to most solid materials and to most friction measuring techniques and test equipment.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Jun-2010
ICS
17.040.20 - Properties of surfaces
19.060 - Mechanical testing
Technical Committee
G02 - Wear and Erosion
Drafting Committee
G02.50 - Friction
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM G115-04 - Standard Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
Effective Date
15-Jun-2010
Replaced By
ASTM G115-10(2013) - Standard Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
Effective Date
15-Nov-2013
Referred By
ASTM G219-18 - Standard Guide for Determination of Static Coefficient of Friction of Test Couples Using an Inclined Plane Testing Device
Effective Date
15-Jun-2010
Referred By
ASTM F2661-07(2022) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Tribological Behavior and the Relative Lifetime of a Fluid Lubricant using the Spiral Orbit Tribometer
Effective Date
15-Jun-2010
Referred By
ASTM G203-10(2020) - Standard Guide for Determining Friction Energy Dissipation in Reciprocating Tribosystems
Effective Date
15-Jun-2010
Referred By
ASTM G194-08(2018) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Rolling Friction Characteristics of a Spherical Shape on a Flat Horizontal Plane
Effective Date
15-Jun-2010
Referred By
ASTM G133-22 - Standard Test Method for Linearly Reciprocating Ball-on-Flat Sliding Wear
Effective Date
15-Jun-2010
Referred By
ASTM G143-03(2018) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
Effective Date
15-Jun-2010

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G115 − 10
StandardGuide for
1
Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2394 Test Methods for Simulated ServiceTesting ofWood
and Wood-Base Finish Flooring
1.1 This guide covers information to assist in the selection
D2534 Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for
of a method for measuring the frictional properties of materi-
Wax Coatings
als. Requirements for minimum data and a format for present-
D2714 Test Method for Calibration and Operation of the
ingthesedataaresuggested.Theuseofthesuggestedreporting
Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine
form will increase the long-term usefulness of the test results
D3108 Test Method for Coefficient of Friction,Yarn to Solid
within a given laboratory and will facilitate the exchange of
Material
test results between laboratories. It is hoped that the use of a
D3412 Test Method for Coefficient of Friction,Yarn toYarn
uniform reporting format will provide the basis for the prepa-
D3702 Test Method for Wear Rate and Coefficient of Fric-
ration of handbooks and computerized databases.
tion of Materials in Self-Lubricated Rubbing Contact
1.2 This guide applies to most solid materials and to most
Using a Thrust Washer Testing Machine
friction measuring techniques and test equipment.
D4103 Practice for Preparation of Substrate Surfaces for
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
Coefficient of Friction Testing
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D4917 Test Method for Coefficient of Static and Kinetic
standard.
FrictionofUncoatedWritingandPrintingPaperbyUseof
3
the Horizontal Plane Method (Withdrawn 2010)
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D4918 Test Method for Coefficient of Static Friction of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Uncoated Writing and Printing Paper by Use of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
Inclined Plane Method (Withdrawn 2010)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D5183 Test Method for Determination of the Coefficient of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Friction of Lubricants Using the Four-Ball Wear Test
2. Referenced Documents
Machine
2
D6425 Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Prop-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
erties of Extreme Pressure (EP) Lubricating Oils Using
C808 Guide for Reporting Friction and Wear Test Results of
SRV Test Machine
Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Bearing and Seal
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
Materials
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
C1028 TestMethodforDeterminingtheStaticCoefficientof
Lot or Process
Friction of Ceramic Tile and Other Like Surfaces by the
E303 Test Method for Measuring Surface Frictional Proper-
Horizontal Dynamometer Pull-Meter Method
ties Using the British Pendulum Tester
D1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of
E670 Test Method for Testing Side Force Friction on Paved
Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
Surfaces Using the Mu-Meter
D2047 Test Method for Static Coefficient of Friction of
E1911 Test Method for Measuring Paved Surface Frictional
Polish-Coated Flooring Surfaces as Measured by the
Properties Using the Dynamic Friction Tester
James Machine
E2100 Practice for Calculating the International Runway
Friction Index
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and
E2101 Test Method for Measuring the Frictional Properties
Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.50 on Friction.
of Winter Contaminated Pavement Surfaces Using an
Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally
Averaging-Type Spot Measuring Decelerometer
approved in 1993. Last previous edition was approved in 2004 as G115–04. DOI:
10.1520/G0115-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G115 − 10
4. Summary of Guide
4.1 Current ASTM International friction test standards are
tabulated in this guide so that users ca
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:G115–04 Designation: G115 – 10
Standard Guide for
1
Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers information to assist in the selection of a method for measuring the frictional properties of materials.
Requirements for minimum data and a format for presenting these data are suggested.The use of the suggested reporting form will
increasethelong-termusefulnessofthetestresultswithinagivenlaboratoryandwillfacilitatetheexchangeoftestresultsbetween
laboratories. It is hoped that the use of a uniform reporting format will provide the basis for the preparation of handbooks and
computerized databases.
1.2 This guide applies to most solid materials and to most friction measuring techniques and test equipment.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
B460Test Method for Dynamic Coefficient of Friction and Wear of Sintered Metal Friction Materials Under Dry Conditions
3
B461Test Method for Frictional Characteristics of Sintered Metal Friction Materials Run in Lubricants
3
B526Test Method for Coefficient of Friction and Wear of Sintered Metal Friction Materials Under Dry-Clutch Conditions
C808 Guide for Reporting Friction and Wear Test Results of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Bearing and Seal Materials
C1028 Test Method for Determining the Static Coefficient of Friction of Ceramic Tile and Other Like Surfaces by the
Horizontal Dynamometer Pull-Meter Method
D1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D2047 Test Method for Static Coefficient of Friction of Polish-Coated Flooring Surfaces as Measured by the James Machine
D2394 Test Methods for Simulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-Base Finish Flooring
D2534 Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
D2714 Test Method for Calibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine D3028Test
Method
for Ki-
netic
Coeffi-
cient of
Fric-
tion of
Plastic
Solids
D3108 Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to Solid Material
3
D3247Test Method for Coefficient of Static Friction of Corrugated and Solid Fiberboard (Horizontal Plane Method)
3
D3248Test Method for Coefficient of Static Friction of Corrugated and Solid Fiberboard (Inclined Plane Method)
3
D3334Methods of Testing Fabrics Woven from Polyolefin Monofilaments
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.50 on Friction.
´1
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition was approved in 2004 as G115-98 (2004) . DOI:
10.1520/G0115-04.
Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition was approved in 2004 as G115–04. DOI:
10.1520/G0115-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G115 – 10
D3412 Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to Yarn
D3702 Test Method for Wear Rate and Coefficient of Friction of Materials in Self-Lubricated Rubbing Contact Using a Thrust
Washer Testing Machine
D4103 Practice for Preparation of Substrate Surfaces for Coefficient of Friction Testing
D4917 Test Method for Coefficient of Static and Kinetic Friction of Uncoated Writing and Printing Paper by Use of the
Horizontal Plane Method
D4918 Test Method for Coefficient of Static Friction of Uncoated Writi
...

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Standard Guide for Taking Property and Behavior Measurements on Weathered Fractions of Oil

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A standard procedure is necessary to establish property changes for spilled oils or petroleum products at different oil weathering stages.  
5.2 This procedure employs standardized equipment, and test procedures.  
5.3 This procedure should be performed at the stages of weathering corresponding to the spill conditions of interest.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide summarizes methods to fractionate oil by evaporative weathering and then measure the properties and behavior of the weathered oil. The results of this guide can provide oil behavior data for input into oil spill models and response method selection.  
1.2 This guide covers general procedures for oil weathering and behavior and does not cover all possible procedures which may be applicable to this topic.  
1.3 The results obtained using this guide are intended to provide baseline data for the behavior of oil and petroleum products when spilled and input to oil spill models.  
1.4 The results obtained using this guide can be used directly to predict certain facets of oil spill behavior or as input to oil spill models.  
1.5 The accuracy of the guide depends very much on the representative nature of the oil sample used. Certain oils can have different properties depending on their chemical contents at the moment a sample is taken.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
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  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off