ASTM D2097-03
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Flex Testing of Finish on Upholstery Leather
Standard Test Method for Flex Testing of Finish on Upholstery Leather
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flexibility and adhesion of a finish on upholstery leather.² This test method does not apply to wet blue.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D2097–03
Standard Test Method for
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Flex Testing of Finish on Upholstery Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2097; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.3 This test method is suitable, and has been useful, in
research, development, and manufacturing control. It is used as
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flex-
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a method of test for specification acceptance. Since this is a
ibility and adhesion of a finish on upholstery leather. This test
subjective test, proper correlation should be established by
method does not apply to wet blue.
interlaboratory experience prior to use for specification accep-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
tance.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.
5. Apparatus
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
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5.1 Newark Flexing Machine—This machine, illustrated in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Fig. 1, consists basically of two pistons, one of which is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
stationary, the other capable of moving at 500 rpm with a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1
stroke of 1 ⁄4 in. (32 mm). The movable piston is also
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
adjustable on its shaft in order to vary the distance between the
2. Referenced Documents two pistons.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Test Specimen
D 1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather
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6.1 The test specimen shall be 3 by 4 ⁄2 in. (76 by 114 mm)
Products for Testing
in size.
3. Summary of Test Method
7. Conditioning
3.1 The leather is mechanically flexed alternately from a flat
7.1 Bring all test specimens to equilibrium as described in
position into a single or double bend. At the end of a
Practice D 1610D 1610. Usually, maintaining the specimen for
predetermined number of flexing cycles, the leather is visually
24 h under these conditions will adequately satisfy the equi-
inspected for finish cracks.
librium conditions.
4. Significance and Use 7.2 The test shall also be conducted under the above
conditions, described in Practice D 1610D 1610.
4.1 This test method simulates the flexing received by
upholstery leather in service, and correlation with service is
8. Procedure
believed to be good. Both the resistance of the finish to
8.1 Measure the thickness of the specimen to be tested.
cracking and adhesion of the finish to the leather can be
8.2 While in the closed position, adjust the pistons to fifteen
evaluated.
times the thickness of the specimen (see Fig. 2).
4.2 The flexing action received by the leather in this method
8.3 Turn the pulley by hand until the pistons are the
is more severe than that given by methods for shoe upper
maximum distance apart. Clamp the specimen around the two
leather. The less severe tests have little utility in the evaluation
pistons without stretching the specimen.
of upholstery leather finishes.
8.4 Complete the first cycle by turning the pulley by hand
and forcing the specimen into its flexing pattern (Fig. 3 and
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather Note 1).
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.04 onApparel and Upholstery.
NOTE 1—The flexing pattern is achieved as follows: Facing the center
This test method was developed in cooperation with theAmerican Leather Chemists
Assn.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originally
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 2097–00.
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Several methods of evaluating the resistance of an upholstery leather finish to A machine meeting the requirements of this method is available commercially
flexing have been investigated. The method, as described here, has been adopted as from the Aim Tool & Die Co., 14324 172nd St., Grand Haven, MI 49417. Two
standard by the Upholstery Leather Group, Tanners’ Council of America. versions of this machine are made by Aim Tool & Die Co. Only the standard
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.04. flexotest machine meets the requirements of this method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D2097–03
FIG. 1 Newark Flexing Machine
in. mm
1
1 ⁄4 32
1
1 ⁄2 38
(a) O
...
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