ASTM E2040-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Mass Scale Calibration of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
Standard Test Method for Mass Scale Calibration of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method calibrates or demonstrates conformity of thermogravimetric apparatus at ambient conditions. Most thermogravimetry analysis experiments are carried out under temperature ramp conditions or at isothermal temperatures distant from ambient conditions. This test method does not address the temperature effects on mass calibration.
5.2 In most thermogravimetry experiments, the mass change is reported as weight percent in which the observed mass at any time during the course of the experiment is divided by the original mass of the test specimen. This method of reporting results assumes that the mass scale of the apparatus is linear with increasing mass. In such cases, it may be necessary only to confirm the performance of the instrument by comparison to a suitable reference.
5.3 When the actual mass of the test specimen is recorded, the use of a calibration factor to correct the calibration of the apparatus may be required, on rare occasions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance confirmation of the mass (or weight) scale of thermogravimetric analyzers and is applicable to commercial and custom-built apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2040 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Mass Scale Calibration of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2040; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method describes the calibration or perfor- 4.1 The mass signal generated by a thermogravimetric
mance confirmation of the mass (or weight) scale of thermo- analyzer is compared to the mass of a reference material
gravimetric analyzers and is applicable to commercial and traceable to a national reference laboratory.Alinear correlation
custom-built apparatus. using two calibration points is used to relate the mass (or
weight) signal generated by the thermogravimetric analyzer
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
and that of the reference material.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
5. Significance and Use
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 This test method calibrates or demonstrates conformity
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of thermogravimetric apparatus at ambient conditions. Most
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
thermogravimetry analysis experiments are carried out under
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
temperature ramp conditions or at isothermal temperatures
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
distant from ambient conditions. This test method does not
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
address the temperature effects on mass calibration.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.2 In most thermogravimetry experiments, the mass
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
change is reported as weight percent in which the observed
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mass at any time during the course of the experiment is divided
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
by the original mass of the test specimen. This method of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
reporting results assumes that the mass scale of the apparatus
is linear with increasing mass. In such cases, it may be
2. Referenced Documents
2 necessaryonlytoconfirmtheperformanceoftheinstrumentby
2.1 ASTM Standards:
comparison to a suitable reference.
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
ology 5.3 When the actual mass of the test specimen is recorded,
the use of a calibration factor to correct the calibration of the
E617 Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision
Mass Standards apparatus may be required, on rare occasions.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
6. Apparatus
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
6.1 The essential equipment required to provide the mini-
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
mum thermogravimetric analytical capability for this test
3. Terminology
method includes the following:
6.1.1 Thermobalance, composed of a furnace;a tempera-
3.1 Definitions—Specific technical terms used in this test
ture sensor;a balance to measure the specimen mass with a
method are defined in Terminologies E473 and E1142 includ-
minimum capacity within the range to be calibrated and a
ing Celsius, Kelvin, and thermogravimetric analyzer.
sensitivityof 61µg;andameansofmaintainingthespecimen/
container under atmospheric control of the gas to be used at a
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E37 on Thermal
purge rate between 10 mL/min to 100 6 5 mL/min.
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Calo-
rimetry and Mass Loss.
NOTE1—Excessivepurgeratesshouldbeavoidedasthismayintroduce
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published December 2019. Originally
noise due to buoyancy effects and temperature gradients.
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E2040 – 08 (2014).
DOI: 10.1520/E2040-19.
6.1.2 Temperature Controller, capable of maintaining ambi-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the website www.astm.org, or contact
ent temperature to within 61K.
ASTMCustomerserviceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
6.1.3 A Data Collection Device, to provide a means of
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on theASTM
website. acquiring, storing, and displaying measured or c
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2040 − 08 (Reapproved 2014) E2040 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Mass Scale Calibration of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2040; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance confirmation of the mass (or weight) scale of thermogravimetric
analyzers and is applicable to commercial and custom-built apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
E617 Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision Mass Standards
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Specific technical terms used in this test method are defined in Terminologies E473 and E1142. including
Celsius,Kelvin, and thermogravimetric analyzer.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The mass signal generated by a thermogravimetric analyzer is compared to the mass of a reference material traceable to a
national reference laboratory. A linear correlation using two calibration points is used to relate the mass (or weight) signal
generated by the thermogravimetric analyzer and that of the reference material.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method calibrates or demonstrates conformity of thermogravimetric apparatus at ambient conditions. Most
thermogravimetry analysis experiments are carried out under temperature ramp conditions or at isothermal temperatures distant
from ambient conditions. This test method does not address the temperature effects on mass calibration.
5.2 In most thermogravimetry experiments, the mass change is reported as weight percent in which the observed mass at any
time during the course of the experiment is divided by the original mass of the test specimen. This method of reporting results
assumes that the mass scale of the apparatus is linear with increasing mass. In such cases, it may be necessary only to confirm the
performance of the instrument by comparison to a suitable reference.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Calorimetry
and Mass Loss.
Current edition approved March 15, 2014Dec. 1, 2019. Published April 2014December 2019. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20082014
as E2040 – 08.E2040 – 08 (2014). DOI: 10.1520/E2040-08R14.10.1520/E2040-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the website www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume
information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E2040 − 19
5.3 When the actual mass of the test specimen is recorded, the use of a calibration factor to correct the calibration of the
apparatus may be required, on rare occasions.
6. Apparatus
6.1 The essential equipment required to provide the minimum thermogravimetric analytical capability for this test method
includes the following:
6.1.1 Thermobalance, composed of a furnace; a temperature sensor; a balance to measure the s
...
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