ASTM E1142-14b
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
Standard Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions commonly used in the study of thermophysical properties. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are either not included or their sources identified.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in a Discussion.
1.3 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field (such as dynamic mechanical measurements) are identified with an italicized introductory phrase.
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Designation: E1142 − 14b
StandardTerminology
1
Relating to Thermophysical Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1142; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope admittance, Y, n—the reciprocal of impedance.
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding
alpha (α) loss peak, n—in dynamic mechanical measurement,
definitions commonly used in the study of thermophysical
first peak in the damping curve below the melt, in order of
properties. Terms that are generally understood or defined
decreasing temperature or increasing frequency. E7
adequately in other readily available sources are either not
included or their sources identified. amorphicity, n—a relative measure of amorphous material
content, expressed as a percent of the total material content.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
mation included in a Discussion.
angular frequency, ω, n—the number of radians per second
traversedbyarotatingvectorthatrepresentsanyperiodically
1.3 Definitionsoftermsspecifictoaparticularfield(suchas
dynamic mechanical measurements) are identified with an varying quantity.
italicized introductory phrase. DISCUSSION—Angular frequency, ω, is equal to two π times the
frequency, f.
2. Referenced Documents
anisotropic, adj—having different values for a property in
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
different directions.
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical
anti-thixotropy, n—anincreaseoftheapparentviscosityunder
Properties
E7Terminology Relating to Metallography constant shear stress or shear rate followed by a gradual
recovery when the stress or shear rate is reduced to zero.
E344Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
etry
arrhenius equation, n—a mathematical relationship between
E2744Test Method for Pressure Calibration of Thermal
the specific reaction rate constant and the temperature given
Analyzers
as:
2E/RT
3. Terminology
k 5 Ae (1)
3.1 Definitions:
where:
absolute pressure, n—pressure measured relative to zero
kis the reaction rate constant, A is the pre-exponential factor,
pressure corresponding to empty space.
Eis the energy of activation, R is the gas constant, and Tis
DISCUSSION—Absolute pressure is atmospheric pressure plus gage
the absolute temperature.
pressure.
atmospheric pressure, n—the pressure due to the weight of
activation energy (E), n—inchemicalkinetics,theenergythat
the atmosphere. E2744
must be overcome in order for a chemical reaction to occur.
DISCUSSION—Atmospheric pressure varies with elevation above sea
DISCUSSION—The term activation energy was introduced in 1889 by
level, acceleration due to gravity, and weather conditions.
SvanteArrhenius as a mathematical term in the eponymous, empirical
relationship between temperature and reaction rate constant.
barometer, n—an instrument for measuring atmospheric pres-
sure.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on
beta (β) loss peak, n—in dynamic mechanical measurement,
ThermalMeasurementsandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE37.03on
second discrete peak in damping curve below the melt, in
Nomenclature and Definitions.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2014. Published September 2014. Originally order of decreasing temperature or increasing frequency.
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E1142–14a. DOI:
D4092
10.1520/E1142-14B.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
boiling pressure, n—at a specific temperature, the value of the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
vapor pressure of the liquid at which it is equal to the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. external pressure.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E1142 − 14b
boiling temperature, n—at a specific pressure, the tempera- complex tensile compliance, D*, n—reciprocal of complex
ture at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the tensile modulus, where D*=1⁄E*. D4092
external pressure.
complex viscosity, η*, n—thecomplexmodulusdividedbythe
capacitance, n—that property of a system of conductors and imposed frequency in rad/s.
dielectrics that permits the storage of electrical charge when
compliance, J, n—the strain divided by the corresponding
a potential difference exists between the conductors.
stress.
DISCUSSION—Capacitance is the ratio of a quantity of electric charge,
DISCUSSION—Compliance is th
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1142 − 14a E1142 − 14b
Standard Terminology
1
Relating to Thermophysical Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1142; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions commonly used in the study of thermophysical properties.
Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are either not included or their sources
identified.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in a Discussion.
1.3 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field (such as dynamic mechanical measurements) are identified with an
italicized introductory phrase.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
E7 Terminology Relating to Metallography
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
E2744 Test Method for Pressure Calibration of Thermal Analyzers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
absolute pressure, n—pressure measured relative to zero pressure corresponding to empty space.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.03 on
Nomenclature and Definitions.
Current edition approved April 1, 2014Aug. 15, 2014. Published April 2014September 2014. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as
E1142 – 14.E1142 – 14a. DOI: 10.1520/E1142-14A.10.1520/E1142-14B.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
DISCUSSION—
Absolute pressure is atmospheric pressure plus gage pressure.
activation energy (E), n—in chemical kinetics, the energy that must be overcome in order for a chemical reaction to occur.
DISCUSSION—
The term activation energy was introduced in 1889 by Svante Arrhenius as a mathematical term in the eponymous, empirical relationship between
temperature and reaction rate constant.
admittance, Y,n—the reciprocal of impedance.
alpha (α) loss peak, n—in dynamic mechanical measurement, first peak in the damping curve below the melt, in order of
decreasing temperature or increasing frequency. E7
amorphicity, n—a relative measure of amorphous material content, expressed as a percent of the total material content.
angular frequency, ω, n—the number of radians per second traversed by a rotating vector that represents any periodically varying
quantity.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1142 − 14b
DISCUSSION—
Angular frequency, ω, is equal to two π times the frequency, f.
anisotropic, adj—having different values for a property in different directions.
anti-thixotropy, n—an increase of the apparent viscosity under constant shear stress or shear rate followed by a gradual recovery
when the stress or shear rate is reduced to zero.
arrhenius equation, n—a mathematical relationship between the specific reaction rate constant and the temperature given as:
2E/RT
k 5 Ae (1)
where:
kis the reaction rate constant, A is the frequencypre-exponential factor, Eis the energy of activation, R is the gas constant, and
Tis the absolute temperature.
atmospheric pressure, n—the pressure due to the weight of the atmosphere. E2744
DISCUSSION—
Atmospheric pressure varies with elevation above sea level, acceleration due to gravity, and weather conditions.
barometer, n—an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure.
beta (β) loss peak, n—in dynamic mechanical measurement, second discrete peak in damping curve below the melt, in order of
decreasing temperature or increasing frequency. D4092
boiling pressure, n—at a specific temperature, the value of the vapor pressure of the liquid at which it is equal to the external
pressure.
boiling temperature, n—at a specific pressure, the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the external
pressure.
capacitance, n—that property of a system of conductors and dielectrics that permits the storage of electrical charge whe
...
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