ASTM D524-03
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative coke-forming propensity. This test method is generally applicable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure. Petroleum products containing ash-forming contituents as determined by Test Method D 482, will have an erroneously high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed (Notes 2 and 3).
Note 1—The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method to designate the carbonaceous residue formed during evaporation and pyrolysis of a petroleum product. The residue is not composed entirely of carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its wide common usage.
Note 2—Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D189, or Test Method D4530. Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X2.1) but need not apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test is applicable to a wide variety of petroleum products. The Ramsbottom Carbon Residue test method is limited to those samples that are mobile below 90°C.
Note 3—In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher carbon residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke-forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D4046.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation: D 524 – 03 British Standard 4451
Designation: 14/94
Standard Test Method for
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Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
distillation method described in Section 10 for determining carbon residue
1. Scope*
on a 10 % distillation residue is considered the referee test.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of an oil, and it is intended to provide some indication of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
relative coke-forming propensity. This test method is generally
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
applicable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure.
This test method also covers the determination of carbon
2. Referenced Documents
residue on 10% (V/V) distillation residues (see Section 10).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Petroleum products containing ash-forming constituents as
D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
determined by Test Method D 482, will have an erroneously
2
Atmospheric Pressure
high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed
D 189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of
(Notes 2 and 3).
2
Petroleum Products
NOTE 1—The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method 2
D 482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
to designate the carbonaceous residue formed during evaporation and
D 4046 Test Method for Alkyl Nitrate in Diesel Fuels by
pyrolysis of a petroleum product. The residue is not composed entirely of
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Spectrophotometry
carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its
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wide common usage. Petroleum Products
NOTE 2—Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the
D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
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same as those obtained by Test Method D 189, or Test Method D 4530.
Products, and Lubricants
Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X2.1) but need not
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test
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Petroleum Products
is applicable to a wide variety of petroleum products. The Ramsbottom
D 4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue
Carbon Residue test method is limited to those samples that are mobile
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(Micro Method)
below 90°C.
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NOTE 3—In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
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nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher carbon residue value
E 133 Specification for Distillation Equipment
than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions
2.2 IP Standards:
as to the coke-forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate
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Appendix AP-A Specifications—IP Thermometers
in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D 4046.
NOTE 4—The test procedure in Section 10 is being modified to allow
3. Terminology
the use of a 100–mL volume automated distillation apparatus. No
3.1 Definitions:
precision data is available for the procedure at this time, but a round robin
is being planned to develop precision data. The 250–mL volume bulb 3.1.1 carbon residue, n—the residue formed by evaporation
and thermal degradation of a carbon containing material.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
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Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
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D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
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Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
e1 6
approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 524–00 . IP Standard Methods for Analysis and Testing of Petroleum and Related
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Products, 1998. Available from Institute of Petroleum (IP), 61 New Cavendish St.,
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