ASTM D1038-83(2005)
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Veneer and Plywood
Standard Terminology Relating to Veneer and Plywood
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Designation:D1038–83(Reapproved 2005)
Standard Terminology Relating to
,
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Veneer and Plywood
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
adhesive—a substance capable of holding materials together platen or both against marring and staining, to prevent
by surface attachment. sticking, to facilitate press loading, or to impart a desired
surface texture or finish, and to provide uniform pressure
NOTE 1—adhesive is the general term and includes, among others,
distribution.
cement, glue, mucilage, and paste. All of these terms are loosely used
interchangeably. Various descriptive adjectives are applied to the term
NOTE 2—Cauls may be made of any material such as aluminum,
adhesive to indicate certain characteristics as follows:
stainless steel, hardboard, fiberboard, or plastic, with the length and width
(1) Physical form, that is, liquid adhesive, tape adhesive
generally equal to the platen size of the press in which they are employed.
(2) Chemical type, that is, silicate adhesive, resin adhesive
(3) Materials bonded, that is, paper adhesive, metal-plastic adhesive, can center—inner layers whose grain direction runs parallel to that
label adhesive
of the outer plies; may be of parallel laminated plies. (See
(4) Conditions of use, that is, hot-setting adhesive
also core.)
clipper—the shearing machine used to dimension dry or green
back—the side reverse to the face of a panel, or the poorer side
veneers to width.
of a panel in any grade of plywood calling for a face and
compreg—synthetic resin-treated, compressed wood with re-
back.
duced swelling and shrinking characteristics and increased
balanced construction—See under construction.
density and strength properties.
banding (railing)—a portion of wood or other material
construction—details of arrangement or thickness or both, of
extending around one or more edges of a plywood panel.
veneers and other components used in the fabrication of
bleed through—glue or components of glue that have seeped
plywood.
through the outer layer or ply of a glued wood product and
all-veneer construction—plywood in which all plies are
that show as a blemish or discoloration on the surface.
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veneer. Ordinarily no single ply of veneer will exceed ⁄16 in.
blemish—anything marring the appearance of the veneer that
(7.9 mm) in thickness.
is not classifiable as a defect.
balanced construction—a construction such that the
blister—in plywood, an elevation of the surface of an adherend
forces induced by uniformly distributed changes in moisture
(separation between plies), somewhat resembling in shape a
content will not cause warpage.
blister on the human skin; its boundaries may be indefinitely
composite construction—a panel assembly consisting of
outlined and it may have burst or become flattened.
veneers and other wood-based materials. Normally the
bolt (veneer)—a short log cut to length suitable for peeling in
non-veneer component is identified in describing the con-
a lathe; also block.
struction.
bond, n—the attachment at an interface between an adhesive
lumber core construction—plywood in which the center
and an adherend.
ply or core is of lumber rather than of veneer. Ordinarily
bond, v—to attach materials together by means of an adhesive.
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cores that are ⁄8 in. (9.5 mm) or greater in thickness will be
borer holes—voids made by wood-boring insects.
of lumber.
broken grain (shelling, leafing, grain separation)—a sepa-
symmetrical construction—plywood panels in which the
ration on veneer surface between annual rings.
plies on one side of the panel center line are essentially equal
cauls, n—sheets of material employed singly or in pairs in hot
in thickness, grain direction, properties, and arrangement to
or cold pressing of assemblies being bonded. Cauls are
those on the other side of the center line.
employed usually to protect either the faces or the press
core—(1) in decorative or hardwood plywood, the center most
ply. It may be of lumber (either edgeglued or closely
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
assembled) or other wood-based panel material, or of one or
and is the responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.
more thicknesses of veneer.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D1038 – 83 (2000).
(2) in construction plywood,allpliesorlayersbetweenthe
DOI: 10.1520/D1038-83R05.
face and back.
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These definitions are specific to veneer and plywood. Other definitions relati
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