ASTM E2900-19
(Practice)Standard Practice for Spacecraft Hardware Thermal Vacuum Bakeout
Standard Practice for Spacecraft Hardware Thermal Vacuum Bakeout
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes methods for thermal vacuum bakeout of spacecraft and spacecraft components.
1.2 This practice defines the equipment, environment, and certification criteria for each type of bakeout.
1.3 The methods defined in this practice are intended to reduce component outgassing rates to levels necessary to meet mission performance requirements of the contamination sensitive hardware. Times, temperatures, and configurations contained in this document have been found to provide satisfactory results. Experienced operators may find that other, similar times, temperatures and configurations have provided satisfactory results. If deviations from these criteria are deemed appropriate, they should be detailed in the bakeout report.
1.4 This practice describes three bakeout methods: Method A, using prescribed time and pressure criteria; Method B, using prescribed QCM stabilization rate criteria; and Method C, which measures the QCM deposition rate.
1.5 Determination of the acceptable molecular outgassing, selection of the bakeout method, and determination of the specific test completion criteria are the responsibility of the user organization.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2900 − 19
Standard Practice for
1
Spacecraft Hardware Thermal Vacuum Bakeout
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2900; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice establishes methods for thermal vacuum 2.1 ASTM Standards:
bakeout of spacecraft and spacecraft components. E296 Practice for Ionization Gage Application to Space
Simulators
1.2 This practice defines the equipment, environment, and
E834 Practice for Determining Vacuum Chamber Gaseous
certification criteria for each type of bakeout.
Environment Using a Cold Finger
1.3 The methods defined in this practice are intended to
E1234 Practice for Handling, Transporting, and Installing
reduce component outgassing rates to levels necessary to meet
Nonvolatile Residue (NVR) Sample Plates Used in Envi-
mission performance requirements of the contamination sensi-
ronmentally Controlled Areas for Spacecraft
tive hardware. Times, temperatures, and configurations con-
E1235 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Non-
tainedinthisdocumenthavebeenfoundtoprovidesatisfactory
volatile Residue (NVR) in Environmentally Controlled
results. Experienced operators may find that other, similar
Areas for Spacecraft
times, temperatures and configurations have provided satisfac-
E1546 Guide for Development of Fire-Hazard-Assessment
tory results. If deviations from these criteria are deemed
Standards
appropriate, they should be detailed in the bakeout report.
E1559 Test Method for Contamination Outgassing Charac-
teristics of Spacecraft Materials
1.4 This practice describes three bakeout methods: Method
A,usingprescribedtimeandpressurecriteria;MethodB,using E1560 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Non-
volatile Residue From Cleanroom Wipers
prescribed QCM stabilization rate criteria; and Method C,
which measures the QCM deposition rate. E1731 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Non-
volatile Residue from Cleanroom Gloves
1.5 Determination of the acceptable molecular outgassing,
2.2 Other Standards:
selection of the bakeout method, and determination of the
IEST-STD-CC1246 Product Cleanliness Levels and Con-
specific test completion criteria are the responsibility of the
3
tamination Control Program
user organization.
MIL-STD-1246 Product Cleanliness Levels and Contamina-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4,5
tion Control Program
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5
MIL-P-27401 Propellant Pressurizing Agent, Nitrogen
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3
ISO-14644 Cleanrooms and associated clean environments
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
FED-STD-209 Federal Standard, Airborne Particulate
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 5,6
Cleanliness Classes in Cleanrooms and Clean Zones
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the ASTM website.
3
Available from Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (IEST),
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Arlington Place One, 2340 S.Arlington Heights Rd., Suite 100,Arlington Heights,
IL 60005-4516, http://www.iest.org.
1 4
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space MIL-STD-1246 may be used in lieu of IEST-STD-CC1246 by mutual agree-
Simulation andApplications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility of ment of the parties in the contract.
5
Subcommittee E21.05 on Contamination. Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2019. Published March 2019. Originally Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, https://assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.
6
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E2900 – 12. DOI: FED-STD-209 may be used in lieu of ISO-14644 by mutual agreement of the
10.1520/E2900-19. parties in the contract.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2900 − 12 E2900 − 19
Standard Practice for
1
Spacecraft Hardware Thermal Vacuum Bakeout
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2900; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice establishes methods for thermal vacuum bakeout of spacecraft and spacecraft components.
1.2 This practice defines the equipment, environment, and certification criteria for each type of bakeout.
1.3 The methods defined in this practice are intended to reduce component outgassing rates to levels necessary to meet mission
performance requirements of the contamination sensitive hardware. Times, temperatures, and configurations contained in this
document have been found to provide satisfactory results. Experienced operators may find that other, similar times, temperatures
and configurations have provided satisfactory results. If deviations from these criteria are deemed appropriate, they should be
detailed in the bakeout report.
1.4 This practice describes three bakeout methods: Method A, using prescribed time and pressure criteria; Method B, using
prescribed QCM stabilization rate criteria; and Method C, which measures the QCM deposition rate.
1.5 Determination of the acceptable molecular outgassing, selection of the bakeout method, and determination of the specific
test completion criteria are the responsibility of the user organization.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1546 Guide for Development of Fire-Hazard-Assessment Standards
E296 Practice for Ionization Gage Application to Space Simulators
E834 Practice for Determining Vacuum Chamber Gaseous Environment Using a Cold Finger
E1234 Practice for Handling, Transporting, and Installing Nonvolatile Residue (NVR) Sample Plates Used in Environmentally
Controlled Areas for Spacecraft
E1235 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue (NVR) in Environmentally Controlled Areas for
Spacecraft
E1549E1546 Specification for ESD Controlled Garments Required in Cleanrooms and Controlled Environments for Spacecraft
for Non-Hazardous and Hazardous OperationsGuide for Development of Fire-Hazard-Assessment Standards
E1559 Test Method for Contamination Outgassing Characteristics of Spacecraft Materials
E1560 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From Cleanroom Wipers
E1731 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue from Cleanroom Gloves
E2311 Practice for QCM Measurement of Spacecraft Molecular Contamination in Space
1
This test method practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012Feb. 1, 2019. Published December 2012March 2019. Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E2900
– 12. DOI: 10.1520/E2900-12.10.1520/E2900-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E2900 − 19
2.2 Other Standards:
3
IEST-STD-CC1246 Product Cleanliness Levels and Contamination Control Program
4,5
MIL-STD-1246 Product Cleanliness Levels and Contamination Control Program
5
MIL-P-27401 Propellant Pressurizing Agent, Nitrogen
3
ISO-14644 Cleanrooms and associated clean environments
5,6
FED-STD-209 Federal Stand
...
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