ASTM D7859-13e1
(Practice)Standard Practice for Spraying, Sampling, Packaging, and Test Specimen Preparation of Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation for Testing of Emissions Using Environmental Chambers
Standard Practice for Spraying, Sampling, Packaging, and Test Specimen Preparation of Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation for Testing of Emissions Using Environmental Chambers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Manufacturers of SPF insulation may need to test their products for vapor-phase emissions of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in order to comply with voluntary standards, purchase specifications, or other requirements.
5.2 Since SPF insulation is formed by chemical reaction when combining a two-component mixture during spraying, specialized equipment and procedures are needed to reproducibly create representative samples suitable for emission testing.
5.3 SPF insulation product manufacturer’s specifications and instructions must be followed carefully and detailed information regarding the spraying process must be recorded (see 7.3). Other precautions regarding handling and shipping are needed to ensure that the chemical integrity of the samples is preserved to the extent possible by practical means (see 7.5).
5.4 Laboratories must prepare representative test specimens from samples of SPF insulation in a consistent manner so that emission tests can be reproduced and reliable comparisons can be made between test data for different samples.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes standardized procedures for the preparation, spraying, packaging, and shipping of fresh spray polyurethane foam (SPF) insulation product samples to be tested for their emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). These procedures are applicable to both closed-cell and open-cell SPF insulation products. Potential chemical emissions of interest include blowing agents, solvents, aldehydes, amine catalysts, diisocyanates, and flame retardants.
1.2 Typically, SPF insulation samples are prepared at one location, such as a chemical manufacturing facility or a field product installation site. The newly prepared samples are preserved in a sealed bag, placed in a secondary container, and then shipped to a laboratory for testing.
1.3 The spraying of SPF insulation products is only to be performed by trained individuals using professional spraying equipment under controlled conditions. The details of the spraying equipment and spraying procedures are based on industry practice and are outside of the scope of this practice.
1.4 This practice also describes procedures for the laboratory preparation of test specimens from open-cell and closed-cell SPF insulation product samples. These specimens are prepared for testing in small-scale chambers following Guide D5116 and in micro-scale chambers that are described in Practice D7706.
1.5 Procedures for VOC and SVOC emission testing, gas sample collection and chemical analysis are outside of the scope of this practice. Such procedures will need to address the potential for emissions of some SVOCs, for example, amine catalysts, flame retardant and isocyanates, to adhere to the chamber walls.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D7859 − 13
Standard Practice for
Spraying, Sampling, Packaging, and Test Specimen
Preparation of Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation
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for Testing of Emissions Using Environmental Chambers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7859; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made in April 2013.
1. Scope 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This practice describes standardized procedures for the
standard.
preparation, spraying, packaging, and shipping of fresh spray
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
polyurethane foam (SPF) insulation product samples to be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tested for their emissions of volatile organic compounds
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs).These
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
proceduresareapplicabletobothclosed-cellandopen-cellSPF
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
insulation products. Potential chemical emissions of interest
include blowing agents, solvents, aldehydes, amine catalysts,
2. Referenced Documents
diisocyanates, and flame retardants.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 Typically, SPF insulation samples are prepared at one
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
location, such as a chemical manufacturing facility or a field
Atmospheres
product installation site. The newly prepared samples are
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
preserved in a sealed bag, placed in a secondary container, and
D5116 Guide for Small-Scale Environmental Chamber De-
then shipped to a laboratory for testing.
terminations of Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/
Products
1.3 The spraying of SPF insulation products is only to be
D7706 Practice for Rapid Screening of VOC Emissions
performed by trained individuals using professional spraying
from Products Using Micro-Scale Chambers
equipment under controlled conditions. The details of the
spraying equipment and spraying procedures are based on
3. Terminology
industry practice and are outside of the scope of this practice.
3.1 For definitions of terms commonly used for sampling
1.4 This practice also describes procedures for the labora-
and analysis of atmospheres, refer to Terminology D1356. For
tory preparation of test specimens from open-cell and closed-
definitions of terms commonly used when testing products and
cell SPF insulation product samples. These specimens are
materials for VOC emissions, refer to Guide D5116.
prepared for testing in small-scale chambers following Guide
3.2 A-Side—polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
D5116 and in micro-scale chambers that are described in
(MDI) consisting predominantly of 4,4’-MDI and higher mo-
Practice D7706.
lecular weight oligomers of MDI.
1.5 Procedures for VOC and SVOC emission testing, gas
3.3 B-side—polyol system, or resin system, consisting
sample collection and chemical analysis are outside of the
mostly of polyol(s), with smaller amounts of catalyst(s), flame
scope of this practice. Such procedures will need to address the
retardant(s), blowing agent(s), and other additives.
potential for emissions of some SVOCs, for example, amine
3.4 Open-cell SPF—SPFthatcontainscellsorvoidsthatare
catalysts, flame retardant and isocyanates, to adhere to the
largely interconnected. Open-cell SPF insulation typically has
chamber walls.
a density between 6.4 to 9.6 kilograms per cubic metre when
fully cured.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published April 2013. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D7859-13E01. the ASTM website.
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D7859 − 13
3.5 Closed-cell SPF—SPF that contains cells or voids that SPF insulation product manufacturer. Contact the SPF equip-
arenotinterconnected.Closed-cellSPFinsulationtypicallyhas ment manufacturer for details concerning the spraying equip-
a density between 24 to 32 kilograms
...
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