ASTM G145-08(2016)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Systems
Standard Guide for Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide helps those studying oxygen system incidents to select a direct cause hypothesis and to avoid conclusions based on hypotheses, however plausible, that have proven faulty in the past.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures and material for examining fires in oxygen systems for the purposes of identifying potential causes and preventing recurrence.
1.2 This guide is not comprehensive. The analysis of oxygen fire incidents is not a science, and definitive causes have not been established for some events.
1.3 The procedures and analyses in this guide have been found to be useful for interpreting fire events, for helping identify potential causes, and for excluding other potential causes. The inclusion or omission of any analytical strategy is not intended to suggest either applicability or inapplicability of that method in any actual incident study.
Note 1: Although this guide has been found applicable for assisting qualified technical personnel to analyze incidents, each incident is unique and must be approached as a unique event. Therefore, the selection of specific tactics and the sequence of application of those tactics must be conscious decisions of those studying the event.
Note 2: The incident may require the formation of a team to provide the necessary expertise and experience to conduct the study. The personnel analyzing an incident, or at least one member of the team, should know the process under study and the equipment installation.
1.4 Warning—During combustion, gases, vapors, aerosols, fumes, or combinations thereof, are evolved, which may be present and may be hazardous to people. Caution —Adequate precautions should be taken to protect those conducting a study.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: G145 − 08 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Guide for
1
Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G145; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This guide covers procedures and material for examin- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
ing fires in oxygen systems for the purposes of identifying E620 Practice for Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Tech-
potential causes and preventing recurrence. nical Experts
E678 Practice for Evaluation of Scientific or Technical Data
1.2 This guide is not comprehensive. The analysis of oxy-
E860 Practice for Examining And Preparing Items That Are
gen fire incidents is not a science, and definitive causes have
Or May Become Involved In Criminal or Civil Litigation
not been established for some events.
E1020 Practice for Reporting Incidents that May Involve
1.3 The procedures and analyses in this guide have been
Criminal or Civil Litigation
found to be useful for interpreting fire events, for helping
E1138 Terminology for Technical Aspects of Products Li-
3
identify potential causes, and for excluding other potential
ability Litigation (Withdrawn 1995)
causes. The inclusion or omission of any analytical strategy is
E1188 Practice for Collection and Preservation of Informa-
not intended to suggest either applicability or inapplicability of
tion and Physical Items by a Technical Investigator
that method in any actual incident study.
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related
Documentation
NOTE 1—Although this guide has been found applicable for assisting
qualified technical personnel to analyze incidents, each incident is unique E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and
and must be approached as a unique event. Therefore, the selection of
Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
specific tactics and the sequence of application of those tactics must be
G63 Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxy-
conscious decisions of those studying the event.
gen Service
NOTE 2—The incident may require the formation of a team to provide
G88 Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
the necessary expertise and experience to conduct the study. The personnel
analyzing an incident, or at least one member of the team, should know the
G93 Practice for Cleaning Methods and Cleanliness Levels
process under study and the equipment installation.
for Material and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched
1.4 Warning—During combustion, gases, vapors, aerosols, Environments
fumes, or combinations thereof, are evolved, which may be G94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
present and may be hazardous to people. Caution —Adequate G114 Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Poly-
precautions should be taken to protect those conducting a meric Materials Used in Oxygen Service
study. G124 Test Method for Determining the Combustion Behav-
ior of Metallic Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmo-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
spheres
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
G126 Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensi-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
G128 Guide for Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Enriched Systems
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compatibility For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as G145 – 08. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/G0145-08R16. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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G145 − 08 (2016)
4
2.2 Compressed Gas Association (CGA) Standards: Discussion—Contamination and cleanliness are opposing
G-4.4 Industrial Practices for Gaseous Oxygen Transmission properties: increasing cleanliness
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G145 − 08 G145 − 08 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Guide for
1
Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G145; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers procedures and material for examining fires in oxygen systems for the purposes of identifying potential
causes and preventing recurrence.
1.2 This guide is not comprehensive. The analysis of oxygen fire incidents is not a science, and definitive causes have not been
established for some events.
1.3 The procedures and analyses in this guide have been found to be useful for interpreting fire events, for helping identify
potential causes, and for excluding other potential causes. The inclusion or omission of any analytical strategy is not intended to
suggest either applicability or inapplicability of that method in any actual incident study.
NOTE 1—Although this guide has been found applicable for assisting qualified technical personnel to analyze incidents, each incident is unique and
must be approached as a unique event. Therefore, the selection of specific tactics and the sequence of application of those tactics must be conscious
decisions of those studying the event.
NOTE 2—The incident may require the formation of a team to provide the necessary expertise and experience to conduct the study. The personnel
analyzing an incident, or at least one member of the team, should know the process under study and the equipment installation.
1.4 Warning—During combustion, gases, vapors, aerosols, fumes, or combinations thereof, are evolved, which may be present
and may be hazardous to people. Caution —Adequate precautions should be taken to protect those conducting a study.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E620 Practice for Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Technical Experts
E678 Practice for Evaluation of Scientific or Technical Data
E860 Practice for Examining And Preparing Items That Are Or May Become Involved In Criminal or Civil Litigation
E1020 Practice for Reporting Incidents that May Involve Criminal or Civil Litigation
3
E1138 Terminology for Technical Aspects of Products Liability Litigation (Withdrawn 1995)
E1188 Practice for Collection and Preservation of Information and Physical Items by a Technical Investigator
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related Documentation
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
G63 Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxygen Service
G88 Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
G93 Practice for Cleaning Methods and Cleanliness Levels for Material and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Environments
G94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
G114 Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service
G124 Test Method for Determining the Combustion Behavior of Metallic Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres
G126 Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2008October 2016. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20012008 as
G145 – 96 (2001).G145 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/G0145-08.10.1520/G0145-08R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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