ASTM D5001-19e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.
5.2 The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.
5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D5001 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the
1
Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5001; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially corrected Fig. 3 in July 2020.
1. Scope* Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
3
2.2 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard:
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects
AISI E-52100Chromium Alloy Steel
of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels
4
2.3 ISO Standard:
on rubbing steel surfaces.
ISO 3290-1Rolling bearings -- Balls -- Part 1: Steel balls
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one
5
2.4 Society of Automotive Engineers Standard:
using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully
SAE 8720Steel
automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be
used to carry out the test.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Definitions:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.1 lubricity, n—qualitative term describing the ability of
standard.
a fluid to minimize friction between, and damage to, surfaces
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety in relative motion under load.
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility 3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the lubricity of a
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, fluid is defined in terms of a wear scar, in millimeters,
health, and environmental practices and determine the appli- produced on a loaded stationary ball from contact with a
cability of regulatory limitations prior to use. fluid-wetted rotating cylindrical test ring operating under
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- closely defined and controlled conditions.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.2 wear scar, n—in the liquid fuels industry, average
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
diameter of a worn and abraded area, measured in two
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
specified directions, produced on a test ball under defined
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
conditions.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The wear scar generated by Test
Method D5001 is often referred to as the BOCLE wear scar.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Abbreviations:
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.1 BOCLE—Ball On Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator
D4306Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
3.2.2 HRC—Rockwell Hardness “C” scale.
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
3.2.3 WSD—Wear Scar Diameter
D6708Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Thefluidundertestisplacedinatestreservoirinwhich
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
atmospheric air is maintained at 10% relative humidity. A
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties.
3
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published January 2020. Originally Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5001–10 (2014). Ave., NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036, http://www.steel.org.
4
DOI: 10.1520/D5001-19E01. Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.iso.ch.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
the ASTM website. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D5001 − 19
TABLE 1 Standard Operating Conditions
non-
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D5001 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the
1
Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5001; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially corrected Fig. 3 in July 2020.
1. Scope* Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
3
2.2 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard:
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects
AISI E-52100 Chromium Alloy Steel
of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels
4
2.3 ISO Standard:
on rubbing steel surfaces.
ISO 3290-1 Rolling bearings -- Balls -- Part 1: Steel balls
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one
5
2.4 Society of Automotive Engineers Standard:
using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully
SAE 8720 Steel
automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be
used to carry out the test.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Definitions:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.1 lubricity, n—qualitative term describing the ability of
standard.
a fluid to minimize friction between, and damage to, surfaces
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety in relative motion under load.
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility 3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the lubricity of a
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, fluid is defined in terms of a wear scar, in millimeters,
health, and environmental practices and determine the appli- produced on a loaded stationary ball from contact with a
cability of regulatory limitations prior to use. fluid-wetted rotating cylindrical test ring operating under
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- closely defined and controlled conditions.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.2 wear scar, n—in the liquid fuels industry, average
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
diameter of a worn and abraded area, measured in two
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
specified directions, produced on a test ball under defined
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
conditions.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The wear scar generated by Test
Method D5001 is often referred to as the BOCLE wear scar.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Abbreviations:
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.1 BOCLE—Ball On Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
3.2.2 HRC—Rockwell Hardness “C” scale.
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement 3.2.3 WSD—Wear Scar Diameter
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The fluid under test is placed in a test reservoir in which
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
atmospheric air is maintained at 10 % relative humidity. A
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties.
3
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published January 2020. Originally Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5001 – 10 (2014). Ave., NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036, http://www.steel.org.
4
DOI: 10.1520/D5001-19E01. Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.iso.ch.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
the ASTM website. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D5001 − 19
TABLE 1 Standard Operating Conditions
non-rotating steel ball is held in a vertically mounted chuck and
forced against the outside diameter of an axially mounted Flui
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D5001 − 19 D5001 − 19 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the
1
Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5001; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially corrected Fig. 3 in July 2020.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on
rubbing steel surfaces.
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated
instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
3
2.2 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard:
AISI E-52100 Chromium Alloy Steel
4
2.3 ISO Standard:
ISO 3290-1 Rolling bearings -- Balls -- Part 1: Steel balls
5
2.4 Society of Automotive Engineers Standard:
SAE 8720 Steel
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 lubricity, n—qualitative term describing the ability of a fluid to minimize friction between, and damage to, surfaces in
relative motion under load.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published January 2020. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5001 – 10 (2014). DOI:
10.1520/D5001-19.10.1520/D5001-19E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036, http://www.steel.org.
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch.
5
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D5001 − 19
In this test method, the lubricity of a fluid is defined in terms of a wear scar, in millimeters, produced on a loaded stationary ball
from contact with a fluid-wetted rotating cylindrical test ring operating under closely defined and controlled conditions.
3.1.2 wear scar, n—in the liquid fuels industry, average diameter of a worn and abraded area, measured in two specified
directions, produced on a test ball under defined conditions.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
The wear scar generated by Test Method D5001 is often referred to as the BOCLE wear scar.
3.2 Abbreviations:
3.2.1 BOCLE—Ball On Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator
3.2.2 HRC—Rockwell Hardness “C” scale.
3.2.3 WSD—Wear Scar Dia
...
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