Sludge, treated biowaste and soil - Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) by gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

This Technical Specification specifies the quantitative determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) (see Table 2) in sludge, soil and treated biowaste using GC-MS and HPLC-UV-DAD/FLD covering a wide range of PAH contamination levels (see also Annex B).
When using fluorescence detection, acenaphthylene cannot be measured.
The limit of detection depends on the determinants, the equipment used, the quality of chemicals used for the extraction of the sample and the clean-up of the extract.
Typically, a lower limit of application of 0,01 mg/kg (expressed as dry matter) may be ensured for each individual PAH. This depends on instrument and sample.
Sludge, soil and treated biowaste may differ in properties and also in the expected contamination levels of PAHs and presence of interfering substances. These differences make it impossible to describe one general procedure. This Technical Specification contains decision tables based on the properties of the sample and the extraction and clean-up procedure to be used. Two general lines are followed, an agitation procedure (shaking) or use of soxhlet/pressurised liquid extraction.
NOTE   Other PAH compounds can also be analysed with this method, provided suitability has been proven.

Schlamm, behandelter Bioabfall und Boden - Bestimmung von polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen (PAK) mittels Gaschromatographie (GC) und Hochleistungs-Flüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC)

Diese Technische Spezifikation legt die quantitative Bestimmung von 16 polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen (PAK) (siehe Tabelle 2) in Schlamm und behandeltem Bioabfall unter Anwendung der GC MS und HPLC UV DAD/FLD fest, wobei ein breiter Bereich von PAK Kontaminationsniveaus (siehe auch Anhang B) abgedeckt wird.
Bei Anwendung der Fluoreszenzdetektion kann Acenaphthylen nicht gemessen werden.
Die Nachweisgrenze hängt von den zu bestimmenden Substanzen, den verwendeten Geräten, der Qualität der für die Extraktion verwendeten Chemikalien und der Reinigung des Extrakts ab.
Üblicherweise kann für jeden einzelnen PAK eine untere Anwendbarkeitsgrenze von 0,01 mg/kg (angegeben als Trockenmasse) sichergestellt werden. Diese ist geräte  und probenabhängig.
Schlamm und behandelter Bioabfall können sich in ihren Eigenschaften sowie in den erwarteten Kontaminationsniveaus von PAK und bei der Anwesenheit von störenden Substanzen unterscheiden. Aufgrund dieser Unterschiede ist es unmöglich, ein allgemeines Verfahren zu erarbeiten. Die vorliegende Technische Spezifikation enthält Entscheidungstabellen, die auf den Probeneigenschaften und den anzuwendenden Extraktions  und Reinigungsverfahren basieren. Es werden zwei allgemeine Extraktionsverfahren angewendet – das Schüttelverfahren oder die Soxhlet /Hochdruck Flüssigextraktion.
ANMERKUNG   Mit diesem Verfahren können auch weitere PAK Verbindungen analysiert werden, sofern die Eignung des Verfahrens nachgewiesen ist.

Boues, bio-déchets traités et sols - Dosage des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) par chromatographie en phase gazeuse et chromatographie liquide à haute performance

La présente Spécification technique spécifie le dosage de 16 hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) (voir Tableau 2) dans les boues, les sols et les bio-déchets traités, faisant appel à des méthodes CG-SM et CLHP-UV-DAD/FLD couvrant une large gamme de niveaux de contamination par les HAP (voir également l’Annexe B).
L’utilisation d’une méthode de détection fluorimétrique ne permet pas le mesurage de l’acénaphtylène.
La limite de détection dépend des composés à analyser, de l’équipement utilisé, de la qualité des réactifs chimiques utilisés pour l’extraction de l’échantillon et la purification de l’extrait.
En général, une limite inférieure d’application de 0,01 mg/kg (exprimée en matière sèche) peut être atteinte pour chacun des HAP. Cela dépend de l’instrument et de l’échantillon.
Les boues, les sols et les bio-déchets traités peuvent présenter des propriétés, des niveaux de contamination par les HAP attendus et des substances interférentes différents. En raison de ces différences, il est impossible de décrire un mode opératoire général. La présente Spécification technique contient des tables de décision basées sur les propriétés de l’échantillon ainsi que sur le mode opératoire d’extraction et de purification à utiliser. Deux routes analytiques générales sont suivies : un mode opératoire par agitation ou l’utilisation d’une méthode d’extraction au soxhlet/liquide sous pression.
NOTE   D’autres composés HAP peuvent être également analysés avec cette méthode, à condition que l’aptitude à l’emploi soit prouvée.

Blato, obdelani biološki odpadki in tla - Določevanje policikličnih aromatskih ogljikovodikov (PAO) s plinsko kromatografijo (GC) in s tekočinsko kromatografijo visoke ločljivosti (HPLC)

Ta tehnična specifikacija določa kvantitativno določevanje 16 policikličnih aromatskih ogljikovodikov (PAH) (glej preglednico 2) v blatu, tleh in obdelanih bioloških odpadkih z GC-MS in HPLC-UV-DAD/FLD, ki zajemata široko območje ravni onesnaženja PAH (glej tudi dodatek B). S fluorescenčnim zaznavanjem ni mogoče izmeriti acenaftilena. Meja detekcije je odvisna od determinant, uporabljene opreme, kakovosti kemikalij, uporabljenih za ekstrakcijo vzorca in očiščenje izvlečka. Običajno je mogoče za vsak posamezen policiklični aromatski ogljikovodik zagotoviti spodnjo mejo uporabe 0,01 mg/kg (izraženo kot suha snov). To je odvisno od instrumenta in vzorca. Blato, tla in obdelani biološki odpadki se lahko razlikujejo glede lastnosti, predvidenih ravni onesnaženja s policikličnimi aromatskimi ogljikovodiki in prisotnosti motečih snovi. Zaradi teh razlik ni možen opis enega splošnega postopka. Ta tehnična specifikacija vključuje preglednice odločanja, ki temeljijo na lastnostih vzorca, in postopek za ekstrakcijo in očiščenje, ki ga je treba uporabiti. Upoštevata se dve splošni smernici, in sicer stresanje ali tekočinska ekstrakcija po Soxhletu/pod tlakom.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
01-Oct-2013
Withdrawal Date
05-Jun-2018
Current Stage
9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
Completion Date
06-Jun-2018

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 16181
SLOVENSKA
TEHNIČNA
december 2013
SPECIFIKACIJA
Blato, obdelani biološki odpadki in tla – Določevanje policikličnih

aromatskih ogljikovodikov (PAO) s plinsko kromatografijo (GC) in s
tekočinsko kromatografijo visoke ločljivosti (HPLC)

Sludge, treated biowaste and soil – Determination of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAH) by gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC)
Boue, biodéchet traité et sol – Dosage des hydrocarbures aromatiques
polycycliques (HAP) par chromatographie en phase gazeuse et chromatographie
liquide à haute performance
Schlamm, behandelter Bioabfall und Boden – Bestimmung von polycyclischen
aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen (PAK) mittels Gaschromatographie (GC) und
Hochleistungs-Flüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC)

Referenčna oznaka
ICS 13.030.20; 13.080.10 SIST-TS CEN TS 16181:2013 ((sl),en)

Nadaljevanje na straneh II do IV in od 1 do 42

© 2013-12. Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

SIST-TS CEN/TS 16181 : 2013
NACIONALNI UVOD
Tehnična specifikacija SIST-TS CEN/TS 16181 ((sl),en), Blato, obdelani biološki odpadki in tla –
Določevanje policikličnih aromatskih ogljikovodikov (PAO) s plinsko kromatografijo (GC) in s
tekočinsko kromatografijo visoke ločljivosti (HPLC), 2013, ima status slovenske tehnične specifikacije
in je istovetna z evropsko tehnično specifikacijo CEN/TS 16181, Sludge, treated biowaste and soil –
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) by gas chromatography (GC) and high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 2013.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Evropsko tehnično specifikacijo CEN/TS 16181:2013 je pripravil tehnični odbor Evropskega komiteja
za standardizacijo CEN/TC 400 Horizontalni standardi na področju blata, obdelanih bioloških
odpadkov in tal, katerega sekretariat vodi DIN.
CEN je pripravil ta dokument na podlagi mandata M/330 Evropske komisije in Evropskega združenja
za prosto trgovino, ki narekuje pripravo standardov za vzorčenje in analizne metode za higienske in
biološke kakor tudi za anorganske in organske parametre, ki bi bili primerni za blata, obdelane
biološke odpadke in tla, kolikor je to tehnično izvedljivo.
Odločitev za privzem te tehnične specifikacije je dne 25. septembra 2013 sprejel tehnični odbor
SIST/TC KAT Kakovost tal.
ZVEZE S STANDARDI
S privzemom te evropske tehnične specifikacije veljajo za omenjeni namen referenčnih standardov vsi
standardi, navedeni v izvirniku, razen tistih, ki so že sprejeti v nacionalno standardizacijo:
SIST EN 15934 (en) Blato, obdelani biološki odpadki, tla in odpadki – Izračun suhe snovi z
določevanjem suhega ostanka ali vsebnosti vode
SIST EN 16179 (en) Blato, obdelani biološki odpadki in tla – Navodilo za pripravo vzorcev
SIST EN ISO 5667-15 (en) Kakovost vode – Vzorčenje – 15. del: Navodilo za konzerviranje in
ravnanje z blatom in vzorci sedimenta (ISO 5667-15)
SIST EN ISO 16720 (en) Kakovost tal – Priprava vzorcev za analizo z liofilizacijo (ISO 16720)
SIST EN ISO 22892 (en) Kakovost tal – Smernice za identifikacijo ciljnih spojin s plinsko
kromatografijo in masno spektrometrijo (ISO 22892)
SIST ISO 8466-1 (en) Kakovost vode – Umerjanje in vrednotenje analitskih metod in določitev
delovnih karakteristik – 1. del: Statistično vrednotenje linearne umerjalne
funkcije
IZRAZI IN DEFINICIJE
V tem dokumentu se uporabljajo naslednji izrazi in definicije:
3.1
kritični par
par kongenerjev, ki bodo ločeni po vnaprej določeni stopnji (npr. R = 0,5), s čimer se zagotovi, da
kromatografsko ločevanje izpolnjuje minimalna merila kakovosti

[VIR: EN 15308:2008, 3.6]
OPOMBA 1: Glej sliko 1.
II
SIST-TS CEN/TS 16181 : 2013
Legenda:
∆t razlika v retenzijskem času dveh vrhov a in b v sekundah (s)
Ya širina vrha na bazni liniji vrha a v sekundah (s)
Yb širina vrha na bazni liniji vrha b v sekundah (s)

Slika 1: Primer kromatograma za kritični par

Naslednji definiciji sta opisani v SIST EN 16167, Blato, obdelani biološki odpadki in tla – Določevanje
polikloriranih bifenilov (PCB) s plinsko kromatografijo z masno selektivno detekcijo (GC/MS) in s
plinsko kromatografijo z detekcijo z zajetjem elektronov (GC/ECD):
3.2
kongener
element iste vrste, razreda ali skupine kemikalij, na primer vsak od 209 predstavnikov PCB

OPOMBA: Številke kongenerjev po IUPAC so za lažjo identifikacijo in ne predstavljajo zaporedja kromatografskih eluatov.

[VIR: EN 15308:2008, 3.2]
3.3
poliklorirani bifenil
PCB
bifenil, substituiran z enim do desetimi atomi klora

[VIR: EN 15308:2008, 3.1]
OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO TEHNIČNE SPECIFIKACIJE
– privzem tehnične specifikacije CEN/TS 16181:2013

III
SIST-TS CEN/TS 16181 : 2013
OPOMBE
– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu tehnične specifikacije uporablja izraz “evropska tehnična
specifikacija”, v SIST-TS CEN/TS 16181:2013 to pomeni “slovenska tehnična specifikacija”.
– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del te tehnične specifikacije.
– Ta nacionalni dokument je istoveten s CEN/TS 16181:2013 in je objavljen z dovoljenjem
CEN
Management Centre
Avenue Marnix 17
B-1000 Brussels
This national document is identical with CEN/TS 16181:2013 and is published with the permission of
CEN
Management Centre
Avenue Marnix 17
B-1000 Brussels
IV
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 16181
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
October 2013
ICS 13.030.20
English Version
Sludge, treated biowaste and soil - Determination of polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) by gas chromatography (GC) and
high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Boues, bio-déchets traités et sols - Dosage des Schlamm, behandelter Bioabfall und Boden - Bestimmung
hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) par von polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen
chromatographie en phase gazeuse et chromatographie (PAK) mittels Gaschromatographie (GC) und
liquide à haute performance Hochleistungs-Flüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC)
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 16 July 2012 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 16181:2013: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction.5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Principle .8
5 Interferences .8
5.1 Interference with sampling and extraction . 8
5.2 Interference with GC-MS . 9
5.3 Interferences with the HPLC . 9
6 Safety remarks . 9
7 Reagents . 10
7.1 General . 10
7.2 Reagents for extraction. 10
7.3 Reagents for clean-up . 10
7.3.1 Clean-up using aluminium oxide . 10
7.3.2 Clean-up using silica gel 60 for column chromatography . 10
7.3.3 Clean-up using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) . 11
7.3.4 Clean-up using liquid-liquid partition/DMF/cyclohexane . 11
7.4 Reagents for chromatographic analysis . 11
7.4.1 GC-Analysis . 11
7.4.2 HPLC-analysis . 11
7.5 Standards . 11
7.5.1 Reference substances, internal standards . 11
7.5.2 Injection standard . 12
7.6 Preparation of standard solutions . 12
7.6.1 General . 12
7.6.2 Standard solutions for HPLC-Analysis . 13
7.6.3 Standard solutions for GC-MS analysis . 13
7.6.4 Calibration standard solutions . 13
7.7 Preparation of internal standard solutions . 14
7.8 Preparation of injection standard solution . 14
8 Apparatus . 14
8.1 Extraction and clean-up procedures . 14
8.2 Gas chromatograph . 15
8.2.1 General . 15
8.3 High-performance liquid chromatograph . 15
9 Sample storage and preservation . 15
9.1 Sample storage . 15
9.2 Sample pretreatment . 16
10 Procedure . 16
10.1 Blank test . 16
10.2 Extraction . 16
10.2.1 General . 16
10.2.2 Extraction procedure 1: acetone/petroleum ether and agitation . 17
10.2.3 Extraction procedure 2: Soxhlet extraction (dry samples) . 18
10.2.4 Extraction procedure 3: acetone/petroleum ether/sodium chloride and agitation . 18
10.3 Concentration or dilution . 19
...


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16181:2011
01-januar-2011
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Sludge, treated biowaste and soil - Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAH) by gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC)
Schlamm, behandelter Bioabfall und Boden - Bestimmung von polycyclischen
aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen (PAK) mittels Gaschromatographie (GC) und
Hochleistungs-Flüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC)
Boue, biodéchet traité et sol - Dosage des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques
(HAP) par chromatographie en phase gazeuse et chromatographie liquide à haute
performance
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16181
ICS:
13.030.20 7HNRþLRGSDGNL%ODWR Liquid wastes. Sludge
oSIST prEN 16181:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

oSIST prEN 16181:2011
oSIST prEN 16181:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 16181
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2010
ICS 13.030.20
English Version
Sludge, treated biowaste and soil - Determination of polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) by gas chromatography (GC) and
high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Boue, bio-déchets traités et sols - Dosage des Schlamm, behandelter Bioabfall und Boden - Bestimmung
hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) par von polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen
chromatographie en phase gazeuse et chromatographie (PAK) mittels Gaschromatographie (GC) und
liquide à haute performance Hochleistungs-Flüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 400.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16181:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

oSIST prEN 16181:2011
prEN 16181:2010 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 Principle .8
5 Interferences .8
5.1 Interference with sampling and extraction .8
5.2 Interference with GC-MS .9
5.3 Interferences with the HPLC .9
6 Safety remarks .9
7 Reagents . 10
7.1 General . 10
7.2 Reagents for extraction . 10
7.3 Reagents for clean-up . 10
7.3.1 Clean-up using aluminium oxide . 10
7.3.2 Clean-up using Silica gel 60 for column chromatography . 11
7.3.3 Clean-up using Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) . 11
7.3.4 Clean-up using liquid-liquid partition/DMF/cyclohexane . 11
7.4 Reagents for chromatographic analysis . 11
7.4.1 GC-Analysis . 11
7.4.2 HPLC-analysis . 11
7.5 Standards . 12
7.5.1 Reference substances, internal standards . 12
7.5.2 Injection standard . 13
7.6 Preparation of standard solutions . 14
7.6.1 General . 14
7.6.2 Standard solutions for HPLC-Analysis. 14
7.6.3 Standard solutions for GC-MS analysis . 14
7.6.4 Calibration standard solutions . 15
7.7 Preparation of internal standard solutions . 15
7.8 Preparation of injection standard solution . 15
8 Apparatus . 15
8.1 Extraction and clean-up procedures . 15
8.2 Gas chromatograph . 16
8.3 High-performance liquid chromatograph . 16
9 Sample storage and preservation . 17
9.1 Sample storage . 17
9.2 Sample preservation and pretreatment . 17
10 Procedure . 18
10.1 Blank test . 18
10.2 Extraction . 18
10.2.1 General . 18
10.2.2 Extraction procedure 1: samples using acetone/petroleum ether and agitation . 19
10.2.3 Extraction procedure 2: dry samples using Soxhlet. 19
oSIST prEN 16181:2011
prEN 16181:2010 (E)
10.2.4 Extraction procedure 3: wet samples acetone/petroleum ether/sodium chloride and
agitation . 20
10.3 Concentration or dilution . 20
10.3.1 General . 20
10.3.2 For HPLC analysis . 20
10.4 Clean-up of the extract . 21
10.4.1 General . 21
10.4.2 Clean-up A – Aluminium oxide . 21
10.4.3 Clean-up B – Silica gel . 22
10.4.4 Clean-up C – Gel permeation chromatography (styrene divinylbenzene resin) . 22
10.4.5 Clean-up D – DMF/cyclohexane partitioning for aliphatic hydrocarbons removal. 22
10.5 Addition of the injection standard . 23
10.6 Gas chromatographic analysis (GC) . 23
10.6.1 Gas chromatographic analysis with mass spectrometric detection . 23
10.6.2 Calibration of the method using an internal standard . 24
10.6.3 Measurement . 25
10.6.4 Identification . 25
10.6.5 Check on method performance . 26
10.6.6 Calculation . 26
10.7 High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis (HPLC) . 27
10.7.1 General . 27
10.7.2 Chromatographic separation . 27
10.7.3 Detection . 27
10.7.4 Calibration . 28
10.7.5 Measurement of samples. 29
10.7.6 Calculation . 29
11 Performance criteria . 30
12 Precision. 30
13 Test report . 30
Annex A (informative) Examples of instrumental conditions and chromatograms . 31
A.1 Measurement of PAH with GC-MS .
...

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