CEN/TR 15310-2:2006
(Main)Characterization of waste - Sampling of waste materials - Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques
Characterization of waste - Sampling of waste materials - Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques
This Technical Report describes techniques for sampling liquid and granular waste material, including paste-like materials and sludges, found in a variety of locations. The Technical Report provides information to allow the selection and preparation of equipment and apparatus to be used in the sampling activity.
NOTE 1 This Technical Report provides a shop shelf of example sampling techniques that can be selected to meet a wide range of sampling situations. For a specific situation one of the presented procedures may be appropriate.
NOTE 2 The procedures listed in this Technical Report reflect current best practice, but these are not exhaustive and other procedures may be equally relevant.
Charakterisierung von Abfall - Probenahme - Teil 2: Anwendung von Probenahmetechniken
Caractérisation des déchets - Prélèvement des déchets - Partie 2 : Guide relatif aux techniques d'échantillonnage
Le présent Rapport Technique décrit des techniques d’échantillonnage des déchets liquides et granulaires, y compris de matériaux pâteux et de boues, provenant de divers emplacements. Il fournit également des informations sur le choix et la préparation de l’équipement et de l’appareillage nécessaires pour réaliser l’échantillonnage.
NOTE 1 Le présent Rapport Technique fournit plusieurs exemples de techniques d’échantillonnage qui peuvent être utilisées dans de nombreuses situations d’échantillonnage. À chaque situation correspond l’une des procédures présentées.
NOTE 2 Les procédures décrites dans le présent Rapport Technique correspondent aux bonnes pratiques actuelles, mais elles ne sont pas exhaustives et d’autres procédures peuvent être tout aussi appropriées.
Karakterizacija odpadkov - Vzorčenje odpadkov - 2. del: Navodilo o tehnikah vzorčenja
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2007
.DUDNWHUL]DFLMDRGSDGNRY9]RUþHQMHRGSDGNRYGHO 1DYRGLORRWHKQLNDK
Y]RUþHQMD
Characterization of waste - Sampling of waste materials - Part 2: Guidance on sampling
techniques
Charakterisierung von Abfall - Probenahme - Teil 2: Anwendung von
Probenahmetechniken
Caractérisation des déchets - Prélevement des déchets - Partie 2 : Guide relatif aux
techniques d'échantillonnage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 15310-2:2006
ICS:
13.030.10 Trdni odpadki Solid wastes
13.030.20 7HNRþLRGSDGNL%ODWR Liquid wastes. Sludge
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 15310-2
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
November 2006
ICS 13.030.10; 13.030.20
English Version
Characterization of waste - Sampling of waste materials - Part 2:
Guidance on sampling techniques
Caractérisation des déchets - Prélèvement des déchets - Charakterisierung von Abfall - Probenahme - Teil 2:
Partie 2 : Guide relatif aux techniques d'échantillonnage Anwendung von Probenahmetechniken
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 21 February 2006. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 292.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 15310-2:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword. 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope. 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions. 5
4 Principle of sampling technique selection. 8
5 Route maps for the selection of sampling techniques . 9
6 Sampling of mobile liquid waste . 22
6.1 Sampling from a drum or a cask . 22
6.2 Sampling from a small container or flexible walled container. 25
6.3 Sampling from a vertical uniform tank or irregular tank. 25
6.4 Sampling from a horizontal cylindrical tank . 27
6.5 Sampling a moving liquid within a pipeline . 28
6.6 Sampling from a lagoon or pit . 29
7 Sampling liquids and solids rendered mobile by heat. 30
7.1 Sampling from a container. 30
7.2 Sampling from a pipeline . 31
8 Sampling viscous liquids. 31
9 Sampling sludges . 31
9.1 Sampling from a drum or cask . 31
9.2 Sampling from a small container (less than 20 l capacity). 31
9.3 Sampling from a vertical uniform tank . 32
9.4 Sampling from a horizontal cylindrical tank . 32
9.5 Sampling from a pipeline . 32
9.6 Sampling from a large container, pit or lagoon . 32
10 Sampling paste-like substances . 33
10.1 Sampling static material from drum or block up to 500 kg . 33
10.2 Taking samples in motion. 34
11 Sampling powders, granules and small crystals. 35
11.1 Sampling small static volumes from hoppers, heaps and silos . 35
11.2 Sampling large static volumes from hoppers, heaps and silos. 35
11.3 Sampling from a falling stream . 36
11.4 Sampling from a band conveyor . 37
11.5 Sampling from a screw conveyor. 38
12 Sampling coarse or lumpy solid materials. 39
12.1 Sampling small volumes from a bag, keg or drum. 39
12.2 Sampling large volumes from hoppers or silos . 40
12.3 Sampling a large stockpile. 40
12.4 Sampling coarse or lumpy materials in motion. 41
12.5 Sampling a small amount from a massive piece . 41
12.6 Sampling from a pile of large pieces . 41
12.7 Sampling large pieces in motion. 42
12.8 Incorporation in the Sampling Plan . 42
Annex A (informative) Support on the selection of equipment and apparatus. 43
A.1 General. 43
A.2 Common issues for all sampling equipment and apparatus. 43
Bibliography . 64
Foreword
This Technical Report (CEN/TR 15310-2:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee
CEN/TC 292 “Characterization of waste”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This Technical Report has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
This Technical Report is one of a series of five, dealing with sampling techniques and procedures,
which provide essential information for the application of the EN-standard:
EN 14899, Characterisation of waste - Sampling of waste materials - Framework for the preparation
and application of a Sampling Plan.
The principal component of the EN Standard is the mandatory requirement to prepare a Sampling
Plan. This EN 14899 standard can be used to:
produce standardised sampling plans for use in regular or routine circumstances (i.e. the
elaboration of daughter/derived standards dedicated to well defined sampling scenarios);
incorporate specific sampling requirements into national legislation;
design and develop a Sampling Plan on a case by case basis.
The Technical Reports display a range of potential approaches and tools to enable the project
manager to tailor his sampling plan to a specific testing scenario (i.e. a ‘shop shelf’ approach to
sampling plan development for waste testing). This approach allows flexibility in the selection of the
sampling approach, sampling point, method of sampling and equipment used.
This Technical Report describes a range of techniques that could be used to sample a range of waste
types from a variety of locations and arisings. Information is also provided on the selection and
preparation of equipment and apparatus needed to complete the sampling exercise.
This report does not attempt to provide a definitive procedure for each and every situation that may
arise from sampling a given waste type or specific analytical requirement, rather it aims to expose the
factors that influence the selection of these practical field activities to ensure the most appropriate
procedure is selected for any given sampling scenario. The most appropriate approach, tools, and
methodology, in the absence of an existing recognised Sampling Plan should be chosen on a
scenario-specific basis. However, this does not present a barrier to technical innovation, and there is
no reason why methodologies other than those detailed in this Technical Report cannot be substituted.
Introduction
Wastes are materials, which the holder discards, or intends or is required to discard, and which may
be sent for final disposal, reuse or recovery. Such materials are generally heterogeneous and it will be
necessary therefore to specify in the testing programme the amount of material for which the
characteristics of interest need to be defined. The testing of wastes allows informed decisions to be
made on how they should be treated (or not), recovered or disposed. In order to undertake valid tests,
some sampling of the waste is required.
The principal component of the standard EN 14899 is the mandatory requirement to prepare a
Sampling Plan, within the framework of an overall testing programme as illustrated in Figure 1 of EN
14899:2005. This standard can be used to:
produce standardised sampling plans for use in regular or routine circumstances (i.e. the
elaboration of daughter/derived standards dedicated to well defined sampling scenarios);
incorporate specific sampling requirements into national legislation;
design and develop a Sampling Plan on a case by case basis.
The development of a Sampling Plan within this framework involves the progression through three
steps or activities.
1) Define the Sampling Plan
2) Take a field sample in accordance with the Sampling Plan
3) Transport the laboratory sample to the laboratory
This Technical Report provides information to support Key Step 2 of the Sampling Plan process map
and describes a selection of sampling techniques that can be used in the recovery of a sample for a
wide variety of waste types and arisings. The sampling technique is the physical procedure employed
by the sampler to collect part or parts of a discarded or secondary material for subsequent
investigations. Specifically this Technical Report provides information to support 4.2.8.1 (Identify the
sampling technique) of the Framework Standard.
This Technical Report should be read in conjunction with the Framework Standard for the preparation
and application of a Sampling Plan as well as the other Technical Reports that contain essential
information to support the Framework Standard. The full series comprises:
EN 14899, Characterization of waste - Sampling of waste materials - Framework for the
preparation and application of a Sampling Plan;
CEN/TR 15310-1, Characterization of waste – Sampling of waste materials – Part 1: Guidance on
selection and application of criteria for sampling under various conditions;
CEN/TR 15310-2, Characterization of waste – Sampling of waste materials – Part 2: Guidance on
sampling techniques;
CEN/TR 15310-3, Characterization of waste – Sampling of waste materials – Part 3: Guidance on
procedures for sub-sampling in the field;
CEN/TR 15310-4, Characterization of waste – Sampling of waste materials – Part 4: Guidance on
procedures for sample packaging, storage, preservation, transport and delivery;
CEN/TR 15310-5, Characterization of waste – Sampling of waste materials – Part 5: Guidance on
the process of defining the Sampling Plan.
The Technical Reports contain procedural options (as detailed in Figure 2 of EN 14899:2005) that can
be selected to match the sampling requirements of any testing programme.
1 Scope
This Technical Report describes techniques for sampling liquid and granular waste material, including
paste-like materials and sludges, found in a variety of locations. The Technical Report provides
information to allow the selection and preparation of equipment and apparatus to be used in the
sa
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