EN ISO 9698:2015

Water quality - Determination of tritium activity concentration - Liquid scintillation counting method (ISO 9698:2010)

ISO 9698:2010 specifies the conditions for the determination of tritium activity concentration in samples of environmental water or of tritiated water using liquid scintillation counting.
The choice of the analytical procedure, either with or without distillation of the water sample prior to determination, depends on the aim of the measurement and the sample characteristics.
Direct measurement of a raw water sample using liquid scintillation counting has to consider the potential presence of other beta emitter radionuclides. To avoid interference with these radionuclides when they are detected, the quantification of tritium will be performed following the sample treatment by distillation. Three distillation procedures are described.
The method is not applicable to the analysis of organically bound tritium; its determination requires additional chemical processing (such as chemical oxidation or combustion).
With suitable technical conditions, the detection limit may be as low as 1 Bq l-1. Tritium activity concentrations below 106 Bq l-1 can be determined without any sample dilution. A prior enrichment step can significantly lower the limit of detection.

Wasserbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung der Aktivitätskonzentration von Tritium - Verfahren mit dem Flüssigszintillationszähler (ISO 9698:2010)

Diese Internationale Norm legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Aktivitätskonzentration von Tritium in natürlichen Wasserproben oder von tritiiertem Wasser ([3H]H2O) mithilfe eines Flüssigszintillationszählers fest.
Die Auswahl des analytischen Verfahrens, ob mit oder ohne Destillation der Wasserprobe vor der Bestimmung, hängt vom Ziel der Messung sowie von den Eigenschaften der Probe ab (siehe [1], [2], [3]).
Bei der Direktmessung von Rohwasserwasserproben mithilfe des Flüssigszintillationszählers muss das potenzielle Vorhandensein von Beta-Strahlen emittierenden Radionukliden berücksichtigt werden. Um bei Feststellung solcher Radionuklide Störungen mit diesen zu vermeiden, wird die Tritiumquantifizierung nach der Probenbehandlung durch Destillation durchgeführt (siehe [4], [5], [6], [7]). Drei Destillationsverfahren werden in den Anhängen B, D und E beschrieben.
Dieses Verfahren eignet sich nicht für die Analyse von organisch gebundenem Tritium. Diese Bestimmung erfordert weitere chemische Aufarbeitung (wie eine chemische Oxidation oder Verbrennung).
Unter geeigneten technischen Voraussetzungen liegt die Nachweisgrenze bei gerade einmal 1 Bq l-1. Aktivitätskonzentrationen von Tritium unter 106 Bq l-1 können ohne Probenverdünnung bestimmt werden. Eine vorherige Anreicherung kann die Nachweisgrenze beträchtlich senken (siehe [8], [9]).

Qualité de l'eau - Détermination de l'activité volumique du tritium - Méthode par comptage des scintillations en milieu liquide (ISO 9698:2010)

L'ISO 9698:2010 spécifie les conditions de détermination de l'activité volumique du tritium dans des échantillons d'eau environnementale ou d'eau tritiée par comptage des scintillations en milieu liquide.
Le choix du mode opératoire analytique, avec ou sans distillation de l'échantillon d'eau avant la détermination, dépend du but du mesurage et des caractéristiques de l'échantillon.
Le mesurage direct d'un échantillon d'eau brute par comptage des scintillations en milieu liquide doit prendre en compte la présence potentielle d'autres radionucléides émetteurs bêta. Pour éviter des interférences avec ces radionucléides lorsqu'ils sont détectés, la quantification du tritium est effectuée après avoir traité l'échantillon par distillation. Trois modes opératoires de distillation sont décrits.
Cette méthode n'est pas applicable à l'analyse du tritium organiquement lié; sa détermination nécessite un traitement chimique supplémentaire (telle une oxydation chimique ou une combustion).
Dans les conditions techniques adéquates, la limite de détection peut être réduite à 1 Bq l-1. Les activités volumiques du tritium inférieures à 106 Bq l-1 peuvent être déterminées sans dilution de l'échantillon. Une étape d'enrichissement préalable peut abaisser de manière significative la limite de détection.

Kakovost vode - Določevanje koncentracije aktivnosti tritija - Metoda štetja s tekočinskim scintilatorjem (ISO 9698:2010)

Ta mednarodni standard opisuje pogoje za določevanje koncentracije aktivnosti tritija v vzorcih okoljske vode ali tritirane vode s štetjem s tekočinskim scintilatorjem. Izbira analitskega postopka z destilacijo ali brez destilacije vzorca vode pred določevanjem je odvisna od cilja merjenja in lastnosti vzorca. Pri neposredni meritvi vzorca neobdelane vode s štetjem s tekočinskim scintilatorjem je treba upoštevati potencialno prisotnost drugih beta oddajnih radionuklidov. Za preprečevanje interference s temi radionuklidi, ko se zaznajo, se po obdelavi vzorca z destilacijo izvede kvantifikacija tritija. V dodatkih B, D in E so opisani trije postopki destilacije. Metoda se ne uporablja za analizo organsko vezanega tritija, ki za določevanje zahteva dodatno kemično predelavo (na primer kemično oksidacijo ali zgorevanje). Pod primernimi tehničnimi pogoji je lahko meja detekcije nizka, in sicer do 1 Bq/l. Koncentracije aktivnosti tritija pod 106 Bq/l se lahko določijo brez redčenja vzorca. Predhodni korak obogatitve lahko znatno zniža mejo detekcije.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 21-Jul-2015
• Withdrawal Date: 28-May-2019
• ICS: 13.060.60 - Examination of physical properties of water
• ICS: 13.080 - Soil quality. Pedology
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 230 - Water analysis
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 230 - Water analysis
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Completion Date: 29-May-2019
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 9698:2015 - Water quality - Determination of tritium activity concentration - Liquid scintillation counting method (ISO 9698:2010)

Relations

• Replaced By: EN ISO 9698:2019 - Water quality - Tritium - Test method using liquid scintillation counting (ISO 9698:2019)
• Effective Date: 05-Jun-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2015
.DNRYRVWYRGH'RORþHYDQMHNRQFHQWUDFLMHDNWLYQRVWLWULWLMD0HWRGDãWHWMDV
WHNRþLQVNLPVFLQWLODWRUMHP,62
Water quality - Determination of tritium activity concentration - Liquid scintillation
counting method (ISO 9698:2010)
Wasserbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung der Aktivitätskonzentration von Tritium - Verfahren
mit dem Flüssigszintillationszähler (ISO 9698:2010)
Qualité de l'eau - Détermination de l'activité volumique du tritium - Méthode par
comptage des scintillations en milieu liquide (ISO 9698:2010)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9698:2015
ICS:
13.060.60 Preiskava fizikalnih lastnosti Examination of physical
vode properties of water
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 9698
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2015
ICS 13.080; 13.060.60
English Version
Water quality - Determination of tritium activity concentration -
Liquid scintillation counting method (ISO 9698:2010)
Qualité de l'eau - Détermination de l'activité volumique du Wasserbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung der
tritium - Méthode par comptage des scintillations en milieu Aktivitätskonzentration von Tritium - Verfahren mit dem
liquide (ISO 9698:2010) Flüssigszintillationszähler (ISO 9698:2010)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 July 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9698:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword .3

European foreword
The text of ISO 9698:2010 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147 “Water quality” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 9698:2015 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by January 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 9698:2010 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 9698:2015 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9698
Second edition
2010-12-15
Water quality — Determination of tritium
activity concentration — Liquid
scintillation counting method
Qualité de l'eau — Détermination de l'activité volumique du tritium —
Méthode par comptage des scintillations en milieu liquide

Reference number
ISO 9698:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010
ISO 9698:2010(E)
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ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

ISO 9698:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Symbols, definitions and units .2
4 Principle .3
5 Reagents and equipment.3
6 Sampling and samples.5
7 Procedure.6
8 Expression of results.8
9 Test report.10
Annex A (informative) Numerical applications .12
Annex B (informative) Distillation of large volume sample .14
Annex C (informative) Internal standard methods .17
Annex D (informative) Distillation of small volume sample.19
Annex E (informative) Screening method for wet matrices.22
Bibliography.24

ISO 9698:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 9698 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9698:1989), which has been technically
revised.
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

ISO 9698:2010(E)
Introduction
The tritium present in the environment is of natural origin and man made. As a result of atmospheric nuclear
weapon testing, emissions from nuclear engineering installations, and the application and processing of
isotopes, relatively large amounts of tritium have been released to the environment. Despite the low dose
factor associated to tritium, monitoring of tritium activity concentrations in the environment is necessary in
order to follow its circulation in the hydrosphere and biosphere.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9698:2010(E)

Water quality — Determination of tritium activity
concentration — Liquid scintillation counting method
WARNING — This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if
any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.
IMPORTANT — It is absolutely essential that tests conducted according to this International Standard
be carried out by suitably trained staff.
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the conditions for the determination of tritium activity concentration in
samples of environmental water or of tritiated water ([ H]H O) using liquid scintillation counting.
The choice of the analytical procedure, either with or without distillation of the water sample prior to
determination, depends on the aim of the measurement and the sample characteristics (see References [1],
[2], [3]).
Direct measurement of a raw water sample using liquid scintillation counting has to consider the potential
presence of other beta emitter radionuclides. To avoid interference with these radionuclides when they are
detected, the quantification of tritium will be performed following the sample treatment by distillation (see
References [4], [5], [6], [7]). Three distillation procedures are described in Annexes B, D and E.
The method is not applicable to the analysis of organically bound tritium; its determination requires additional
chemical processing (such as chemical oxidation or combustion).
−1
With suitable technical conditions, the detection limit may be as low as 1 Bq l . Tritium activity concentrations
6 −1
below 10 Bq l can be determined without any sample dilution. A prior enrichment step can significantly
lower the limit of detection (see References [8], [9]).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5667-1, Water quality — Sampling — Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes and
sampling techniques
ISO 5667-3, Water quality — Sampling — Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water
samples
ISO 5667-14, Water quality — Sampling — Part 14: Guidance on quality assurance of environmental water
sampling and handling
ISO 80000-10, Quantities and units — Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics
ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
ISO 9698:2010(E)
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement — Pa
...