EN 16300:2024

Automotive fuels - Determination of iodine value in fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) - Calculation method from gas chromatographic data

This document specifies a calculation procedure for the determination of iodine value (“CIV” - “calculated iodine value”) of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) to be used either as automotive fuel for diesel engines as specified in EN 14214 [2] or heating fuel or as an extender for automotive fuel for diesel engines as specified in EN 590 [3]. This procedure does not apply to Ethyl esters or esters made from fish oil and mixtures thereof.
The calculation procedure is applicable to methyl esters between C6 and C24:1. The calculation procedure uses as data entry the results from the gas chromatography determination (GC) according to EN 14103 of individual fatty acid methyl esters and is based on AOCS recommended practice Cd 1c - 85 for the determination of the iodine value of edible oil from its fatty acid composition. It is important to recognize that the latest version of EN 14103 is intended to be used for the determination of individual FAME components.
NOTE 1   Experience from the field and from several precision evaluation campaigns in Germany and elsewhere indicates that the results of the determination of iodine value by the calculation specified here are very close to results obtained by titration with Wijs solvent according to EN 14111 [1]. Observed small differences were always found to be smaller than the reproducibility published in the actual EN 14111.
For informative purposes only, but not for cases of dispute, EN 14331 [4] can also be used to extract the FAME contents from FAME containing diesel fuels (like B5, B7, B30, etc.) and to use the contents of the individual FAME components from this method as data entry for the calculation specified in this document.
This calculation method can be used only if the evaluated sample fulfils the requirement for ester content as reported in EN 14214.
The precision statement of this test method was determined by calculation from a Round Robin exercise with iodine values in the range of 16 g iodine/100 g to 126 g iodine/100 g.
The test method is also applicable for higher iodine values; however, the precision statement is not established for iodine values above 126 g iodine/100 g.
NOTE 2   For the purposes of this document, the term “% (m/m)” is used to represent the mass fraction.

Kraftstoffe - Bestimmung der Iodzahl in Fettsäure‑Methylester (FAME) - Berechnung aus gaschromatographischen Daten

Dieses Dokument legt ein Berechnungsverfahren zur Bestimmung der Iodzahl („CIV“, en: calculated iodine value – „berechnete Iodzahl“) von Fettsäure-Methylestern (FAME, en: fatty acid methyl esters) fest, die entweder als Kraftstoff für Dieselmotoren nach EN 14214 [2], oder als Heizöl, oder als Blendkomponente für Kraftstoff für Dieselmotoren nach EN 590 [3] verwendet werden. Dieses Verfahren ist nicht anwendbar für Ethylester oder für aus Fischöl gewonnene Ester und Gemische daraus.
Das Berechnungsverfahren ist anwendbar für Methylester zwischen C6 und C24:1. Als Eingangsdaten für das Berechnungsverfahren dienen die Ergebnisse der Bestimmung mittels Gaschromatographie (GC) nach EN 14103 für die einzelnen Fettsäure-Methylester. Die Berechnung beruht auf dem von der AOCS empfohlenen Verfahren Cd 1c - 85 zur Bestimmung der Iodzahl von Speiseöl aufgrund seiner Fettsäurezusammensetzung. Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass die aktuelle Fassung der EN 14103 zur Bestimmung der einzelnen FAME-Komponenten vorgesehen ist.
ANMERKUNG 1   Erfahrungen aus der Praxis und aus der Auswertung mehrerer in Deutschland und anderen Ländern durchgeführter Ringversuche haben gezeigt, dass die Ergebnisse der Iodzahlbestimmung nach der hier festgelegten Berechnung sehr nahe bei den Ergebnissen liegen, die durch Titration mit Wijs-Lösemittel nach EN 14111 [1] erhalten werden. Beobachtete geringe Unterschiede waren stets kleiner als die in der aktuellen EN 14111 angegebene Vergleichbarkeit.
Nur für Informationszwecke, jedoch nicht in Streitfällen, kann EN 14331 [4] ebenfalls für die Extraktion der FAME-Komponenten aus FAME-haltigen Dieselkraftstoffen (wie B5, B7, B30 usw.) verwendet werden; die Gehalte der einzelnen FAME-Komponenten nach diesem Verfahren werden dann als Ausgangswerte für die in diesem Dokument festgelegte Berechnung angewendet.
Dieses Berechnungsverfahren kann nur dann angewendet werden, wenn die untersuchte Probe die Anforderung an den Estergehalt, wie in EN 14214 angegeben, erfüllt.
Die Präzisionsangabe dieses Prüfverfahrens wurde durch Berechnung im Rahmen eines Ringversuchs mit Iodzahlen in dem Bereich von 16 g Iod/100 g bis 126 g Iod/100 g bestimmt.
Das Prüfverfahren ist auch für höhere Iodzahlen anwendbar; die Präzisionsangabe wurde jedoch nicht für Iodzahlen oberhalb von 126 g Iod/100 g bestimmt.
ANMERKUNG 2   Für die Zwecke dieses Dokuments wird zur Angabe des Massenanteils der Ausdruck „% (m/m)“ genutzt.

Carburants pour automobiles - Détermination de l'indice d'iode dans les esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) - Méthode de calcul à partir des données de chromatographie en phase gazeuse

Le présent document spécifie une procédure de calcul pour la détermination de l'indice d'iode ("CIV" - "calculated iodine value") des esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) destinés à être utilisés soit comme carburant pour moteurs diesel, conformément à la norme EN 14214 [2], soit comme combustible, soit comme diluant pour carburant pour moteurs diesel, conformément à la norme EN 590 [3]. Cette procédure ne s’applique pas aux esters éthyliques ou aux esters fabriqués à partir d'huile de poisson et à leurs mélanges.
La procédure de calcul est applicable aux esters méthyliques entre C6 et C24:1. La procédure de calcul utilise comme données d’entrée les résultats de la détermination des esters méthyliques d’acides gras individuels par chromatographie en phase gazeuse (GC) selon l’EN 14103. Cette procédure est basée sur la pratique recommandée Cd 1c – 85 de l’AOCS portant sur la détermination de l’indice d’iode des huiles comestibles à partir de leur composition en acides gras. Il est important de noter que la dernière édition de l’EN 14103 est à utiliser pour la détermination des composants individuels des EMAG.
NOTE 1   L’expérience acquise sur le terrain, ainsi que lors de plusieurs campagnes d’évaluation de la fidélité, en Allemagne et ailleurs, indique que les résultats de détermination de l’indice d’iode par la méthode de calcul spécifiée ici, sont très proches des résultats obtenus par titration avec le solvant de Wijs selon l’EN 14111 [1]. Les faibles différences observées se sont toujours révélées être inférieures à la reproductibilité donnée dans l’EN 14111.
À titre d'information uniquement, mais pas en cas de litige, la norme EN 14331 [4] peut également être utilisée pour obtenir les teneurs en composants individuels d’EMAG des carburants diesel contenant des EMAG (comme le B5, le B7, le B30, etc.) et les utiliser comme données d’entrée pour les calculs spécifiés dans le présent document.
Cette méthode de calcul ne peut être utilisée que si l'échantillon évalué répond aux exigences de la norme EN 14214 en matière de teneur en esters.
La déclaration de fidélité de cette méthode d'essai a été déterminée par calcul à partir d'un essai circulaire avec des valeurs d'iode comprises entre 16 g d'iode/100 g et 126 g d'iode/100 g.
La méthode d'essai est également applicable pour des valeurs d'iode plus élevées ; toutefois, la fidélité n'est pas établie pour les valeurs d'iode supérieures à 126 g d'iode/100 g.
NOTE 2   Pour les besoins du présent document, le terme “% (m/m)” est utilisé pour représenter la fraction massique.

Goriva za motorna vozila - Določanje jodnega števila v metilnih estrih maščobnih kislin (FAME) - Računska metoda iz podatkov pridobljenih s plinsko kromatografijo

Ta evropski standard določa postopek izračuna za določanje jodnega števila (»CIV« – izračunano jodno število) v metilnih estrih maščobnih kislin (FAME), ki se uporabljajo kot gorivo za motorna vozila ali gorivo za ogrevanje za dizelske motorje, kot je določeno v standardu EN 14214 [2], ali kot aditiv za gorivo za motorna vozila za dizelske motorje, kot je določeno v standardu EN 590 [4].
Ta postopek je bil izvorno opisan v dodatku B k standardu EN 14214:2008 [2]. Postopek izračuna je zdaj določen za metilne estre med C14 in C24. Postopek izračuna kot podatkovne vnose uporablja rezultate plinske kromatografije (GC) v skladu s standardom EN 14103 posameznih metilnih estrov maščobnih kislin in temelji na priporočeni praksi AOCS Cd 1c – 85 za določanje jodnega števila v jedilnem olju iz njegove maščobno-kislinske sestave. Pomembno je poudariti, da je treba za ugotavljanje posameznih komponent metilnih estrov maščobnih kislin uporabiti najnovejšo različico standarda EN 14103.
OPOMBA 1:   Izkušnje s terena in izkušnje, pridobljene v številnih kampanjah za vrednotenje natančnosti v Nemčiji in drugod, kažejo, da so rezultati določanja jodnega števila z izračunom, navedeni v tem dokumentu, zelo blizu rezultatom, pridobljenim s titracijo z Wijsovim topilom v skladu s standardom EN 14111. Ugotovljene majhne razlike so bile vselej manjše od ponovljivosti, objavljene v dejanskem standardu EN 14111.
Standard EN 14331 [5] je mogoče – samo v informativne namene, vendar ne v primeru spora – uporabiti tudi za pridobivanje vsebnosti metilnih estrov maščobnih kislin (FAME) iz dizelskih goriv,ki vsebujejo metilne estre maščobnih kislin (npr. B5, B7, B30 itd.), in za uporabo vsebnosti posameznih komponent metilnih estrov maščobnih kislin iz te metode kot podatkovne vnose za izračun, določen v tem evropskem standardu.
Načeloma je mogoče analizirati tudi druge alkilne estre maščobnih kislin. Vendar tesna povezava s titracijsko metodo EN 14111 ni bila preverjena, niti niso na voljo informacije o natančnosti za tako razširitev področja uporabe.
OPOMBA 2:   V tem evropskem standardu se za predstavitev masnega deleža (µ) materiala uporablja izraz »% (m/m)«.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 21-May-2024
• ICS: 75.160.40 - Biofuels
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 19 - Petroleum products, lubricants and related products
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 19/JWG 1 - Vegetable fats and oils and their by-products for use in automotive fuels (Joint working group with CEN/TC 307)
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 22-May-2024
• Due Date: 07-Feb-2025
• Completion Date: 22-May-2024
• Ref Project: SIST EN 16300:2024 - Automotive fuels - Determination of iodine value in fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) - Calculation method from gas chromatographic data

Relations

• Replaces: EN 16300:2012 - Automotive fuels - Determination of iodine value in fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) - Calculation method from gas chromatographic data
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023

Overview

EN 16300:2024 is a European standard developed by CEN for the determination of the iodine value (CIV) in fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) used as automotive or heating fuels. The iodine value is a critical parameter indicating the degree of unsaturation in FAME, which influences fuel properties such as oxidation stability and combustion behavior. This standard establishes a calculation method based on gas chromatographic (GC) data in accordance with EN 14103, providing a precise alternative to traditional titration methods like EN 14111.

This updated standard supersedes EN 16300:2012 and introduces editorial revisions and improved precision statements derived from recent analytical improvements. Notably, the procedure applies exclusively to methyl esters between C6 and C24:1, excluding ethyl esters and fish oil-based esters.

Key Topics

• Scope and Applicability

  • Calculation of iodine value (CIV) in FAME for diesel engine fuels compliant with EN 14214 and extenders as per EN 590.
  • Applicable to methyl esters with carbon chain lengths C6 to C24:1, excluding ethyl esters and fish oil esters.
  • Uses gas chromatography data from EN 14103 to quantify individual FAME components.

• Calculation Procedure

  • The CIV is calculated as the sum of contributions from each FAME component weighted by specific contribution factors linked to the number of olefinic double bonds.
  • Contribution factors are derived from molar masses and iodine molecular weight, ensuring accurate representation of unsaturation levels.
  • Unknown FAMEs are excluded unless their content is below 3%; otherwise, EN 14111 titration is recommended.

• Precision and Validation

  • Precision data based on round-robin tests with iodine values from 16 to 126 g iodine/100 g FAME.
  • Repeatability (r) and reproducibility (R) formulas provided to quantify expected variability.
  • The method shows very close agreement with EN 14111 titration, with differences smaller than reproducibility limits.

• Reporting Requirements

  • Test reports must reference EN 16300:2024, identify the tested product, document the calculated iodine value, note any procedural deviations, unusual observations, and test date.

Applications

EN 16300:2024 is essential for the fuel industry, biodiesel producers, and quality control laboratories focusing on automotive and heating fuels. Practical uses include:

• Quality Control of Biodiesel (FAME) Fuels
  Ensures fuels meet specifications related to unsaturation content affecting combustion characteristics and storage stability.

• Compliance Testing for Diesel Fuel Standards
  Supports verification against EN 14214 and EN 590 requirements by determining accurate iodine values from GC data.

• Fuel Formulation and Certification
  Facilitates the calculation of iodine values in fuel blends (e.g., B5, B7, B30 biodiesel blends) using individual FAME chromatographic profiles.

• Environmental and Performance Assessments
  Helps evaluate the oxidative stability and emission potential of biofuels by correlating unsaturation levels through iodine values.

Related Standards

• EN 14103:2020 – Specifies gas chromatographic techniques for determining individual FAME contents, the primary input for EN 16300 calculations.
• EN 14111 – Details the titrimetric method for iodine value determination using Wijs solution, serving as a reference method for comparison.
• EN 14214 – Defines requirements and test methods for FAME use as automotive diesel and heating fuel.
• EN 590 – Specifies requirements for automotive diesel fuels, including biodiesel extenders.
• EN 14331 – Provides chromatographic methods to separate and characterize FAME in complex diesel fuel mixtures; can inform FAME content input for EN 16300 calculations.
• EN ISO 4259-1 – Addresses precision data determination for petroleum product test methods, underpinning EN 16300’s precision assessment.

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Keywords: EN 16300:2024, iodine value determination, fatty acid methyl esters, FAME, gas chromatography, automotive fuels, biodiesel, diesel engine fuel quality, EN 14103, EN 14111, iodine value calculation, biofuel standards, fuel testing, diesel fuel quality control.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2024
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16300:2012
Goriva za motorna vozila - Določanje jodnega števila v metilnih estrih maščobnih
kislin (FAME) - Računska metoda iz podatkov pridobljenih s plinsko
kromatografijo
Automotive fuels - Determination of iodine value in fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) -
Calculation method from gas chromatographic data
Kraftstoffe für Kraftfahrzeuge - Bestimmung der Iodzahl in Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME)
- Berechnung aus gaschromatographischen Daten
Carburants pour automobiles - Détermination de l'indice d'iode des esters méthyliques
d'acides gras (EMAG) - Méthode de calcul à partir des données obtenues par
chromatographie en phase gazeuse
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16300:2024
ICS:
75.160.20 Tekoča goriva Liquid fuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16300
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.160.40 Supersedes EN 16300:2012
English Version
Automotive fuels - Determination of iodine value in fatty
acid methyl esters (FAME) - Calculation method from gas
chromatographic data
Carburants pour automobiles - Détermination de Kraftstoffe - Bestimmung der Iodzahl in Fettsäure-
l'indice d'iode dans les esters méthyliques d'acides Methylester (FAME) - Berechnung aus
gras (EMAG) - Méthode de calcul à partir des données gaschromatographischen Daten
de chromatographie en phase gazeuse
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 April 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16300:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Procedure. 5
5 Expression of results . 7
6 Precision . 7
6.1 General . 7
6.2 Repeatability, r . 7
6.3 Reproducibility, R . 7
7 Test report . 8
Annex A (informative) Example for calculation . 9
Bibliography .11
European foreword
This document (EN 16300:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and
liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat
of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2024, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by November 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16300:2012.
In comparison with the previous edition, this document has been revised editorially and the following
technical modifications have been made:
a) addition of a calculation of the pattern of fatty acid methyl esters;
b) re-calculated precision statement following the revision of EN 14103.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies a calculation procedure for the determination of iodine value (“CIV” - “calculated
iodine value”) of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) to be used either as automotive fuel for diesel engines
as specified in EN 14214 [2] or heating fuel or as an extender for automotive fuel for diesel engines as
specified in EN 590 [3]. This procedure does not apply to Ethyl esters or esters made from fish oil and
mixtures thereof.
The calculation procedure is applicable to methyl esters between C6 and C24:1. The calculation
procedure uses as data entry the results from the gas chromatography determination (GC) according to
EN 14103 of individual fatty acid methyl esters and is based on AOCS recommended practice Cd 1c - 85
for the determination of the iodine value of edible oil from its fatty acid composition. It is important to
recognize that the latest version of EN 14103 is intended to be used for the determination of individual
FAME components.
NOTE 1 Experience from the field and from several precision evaluation campaigns in Germany and elsewhere
indicates that the results of the determination of iodine value by the calculation specified here are very close to
results obtained by titration with Wijs solvent according to EN 14111 [1]. Observed small differences were always
found to be smaller than the reproducibility published in the actual EN 14111.
For informative purposes only, but not for cases of dispute, EN 14331 [4] can also be used to extract the
FAME contents from FAME containing diesel fuels (like B5, B7, B30, etc.) and to use the contents of the
individual FAME components from this method as data entry for the calculation specified in this
document.
This calculation method can be used only if the evaluated sample fulfils the requirement for ester content
as reported in EN 14214.
The precision statement of this test method was determined by calculation from a Round Robin exercise
with iodine values in t
...