prEN 12591
(Main)Bitumen and bituminous binders - Specifications for paving grade bitumens
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Specifications for paving grade bitumens
This document provides a framework for specifying a range of properties and relevant test methods for bitumens and bituminous binders, together with requirements for evaluation of conformity.
This document does not directly address ‘cohesion, adhesion and setting ability’ (see Introduction).
NOTE Although industrial bitumen are specified according to EN 13305, it should be underlined that paving grade bitumens, specified according to this standard, can also be use for industrial applications.
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Anforderungen an Straßenbaubitumen
Diese Europäische Norm stellt ein Rahmenwerk für die Spezifizierung der Eigenschaften und der entspre-
chenden Prüfverfahren für Straßenbaubitumen zur Verfügung, die für den Bau und die Instandhaltung von
Straßen, Flugplätzen und sonstigen befestigten Flächen geeignet sind.
Dieses Rahmenwerk deckt in Übereinstimmung mit dem Mandat M/124: EG-Bauproduktenrichtlinie
89/106/EWG drei grundlegende Anforderungen ab:
. Konsistenz bei mittlerer Verarbeitungstemperaturi.;
. Konsistenz bei erhöhter Verarbeitungstemperaturi.;
. Dauerhaftigkeiti. der Konsistenz.
Im Falle von Straßenbaubitumen gibt die Prüfung der drei oben aufgeführten wesentlichen Eigenschaften
auch einen Hinweis darauf, ob dessen intrinsischen Kohäsionseigenschaften für seine übliche Verwendung
angemessen sind.
Die Eigenschaften der Adhäsionit und des Härtungsvermögensit werden nicht durch Prüfungen am Bitumen
selbst, sondern vielmehr durch Prüfungen an den fertig gestellten Asphaltmischgütern, d. h. nach EN 12697-1,
EN 12697-11, EN 12697-12 und EN 12697-26, ermittelt.
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Spécifications des bitumes routiers
Bitumen in bitumenska veziva – Specifikacije za cestogradbene bitumne
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI oSIST prEN 12591:2005
PREDSTANDARD
november 2005
Bitumen in bitumenska veziva – Specifikacije za cestogradbene bitumne
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Specifications for paving grade bitumens
ICS 91.100.50; 93.080.20 Referenčna številka
oSIST prEN 12591:2005(en)
© Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 12591
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2005
ICS Will supersede EN 12591:1999
English Version
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Specifications for paving
grade bitumens
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Spécifications des bitumes Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Anforderungen
routiers an Straßenbaubitumen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 336.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 12591:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope.4
2 Normative references.4
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Sampling.5
5 Requirements and test methods.6
5.1 Properties and related test methods .6
5.2 Precision and dispute.7
6 Evaluation of conformity.11
6.1 General.11
6.2 Type testing.11
6.3 Factory Production Control (FPC) .11
Annex A (normative) Calculation of the penetration index, Ip .13
A.1 Scope.13
A.2 Definition.13
A.3 Principle.13
A.4 Determination.13
A.5 Expression of results.14
A.6 Precision.14
Annex B (informative) Complementary information on selection grade and tendencies.15
B.1 Selection of grades.15
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements EU Directive 89/106/CEE Construction Products Directive.16
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics .16
ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of paving grade bitumen.17
Bibliography .22
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 12591:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bitumen and
bituminous binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 12591:1999.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Construction Product Directive
(89/106/EEC).
For relationship with EU Construction Product Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
In this European standard, Annex A is normative, Annex B is informative.
This European standard is part of a family of European Standards for bitumen as follows:
Bituminous
binders
Paving Industrial
applications applications
Paving Polymer Cutback & Cationic Oxidised Hard Grade
Grade Modified Fluxed bituminous Bitumens industrial
Bitumens Bitumens Emulsions Bitumens
Bitumens
prEN 12591rev EN 14023 prEN xxxxx EN 13808 EN 13304 EN 13305
Hard
paving
Grade
Bitumens
prEN 13924
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
Introduction
The general principle adopted in the development of EN 12591 was to provide a range of grades suitable for
the manufacture of the materials for road construction and maintenance considering the climatic and traffic
conditions encountered in all the Member States. It is compulsory for the full specification to be published in all
EU and EFTA countries. This European Standard has been revised to make it more harmonised than the
previous version, however it is permitted for each country to determine which of two severity levels to use and
which of the optional additional properties to adopt. The decision should be based on demands of the current
market and take into account the relevant informative notes.
This standard still consists of the so-called "empirical" specifications. Work programmes are being undertaken
to evaluate alternative properties and test methods in order to develop new specifications that are more
directly performance-related. The progress of those work programmes are reported in CEN/TR XXX 2005,
and the results will be considered for future revisions of this European Standard.
1 Scope
This European Standard provides a framework for specifying the properties and relevant test methods for
paving grade bitumens which are suitable for use in the construction and maintenance of roads, airfields and
other paved areas.
This framework covers three essential requirements according to the mandate M/124: EU Construction
Products Directive 89/106/EEC.
"Consistency at intermediate service temperature";
"Consistency at elevated service temperature";
"Durability" of consistency.
For paving grade bitumen the testing of the above three essential characteristics also gives an indication that
its intrinsic cohesive properties that are adequate for its normal use.
The properties of "adhesion" and "setting ability" are indicated by tests used on the finished asphalt mixtures,
EN 12697–1, EN 12697–11, EN 12697–12, EN 12697– 26, rather than tests on the bitumen itself.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Sampling bituminous binders.
EN 1426, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Determination of needle penetration.
EN 1427, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Determination of softening point – Ring and Ball method.
EN 12592, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Determination of solubility.
EN 12593, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Determination of the Fraass breaking point.
EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Preparation of test samples.
EN 12595, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Determination of kinematic viscosity.
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
EN 12596, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Determination of dynamic viscosity by vacuum capillary.
EN 12597, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Terminology
EN 12607-1, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Determination of the resistance to hardening under influence
of heat and air – Part 1: RTFOT method.
EN 12607-2, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Determination of the resistance to hardening under influence
of heat and air – Part 2: TFOT method.
EN 12607-3, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Determination of the resistance to hardening under influence
of heat and air – Part 3: RFT method.
EN 13108-1, Bituminous mixtures. Material specifications. Part 1: Asphalt concrete.
EN 13108-2, Bituminous mixtures. Material specifications. Part 2: Asphalt concrete for very thin layers.
EN 13108-3, Bituminous mixtures. Material specifications. Part 3: Soft asphalt.
EN 13108-4, Bituminous mixtures. Material specifications. Part 4: Hot rolled asphalt.
EN 13108-5, Bituminous mixtures. Material specification. Part 5: Stone mastic asphalt.
EN 13108-6, Bituminous mixtures. Material specifications. Part 6: Mastic asphalt.
EN 13108-7, Bituminous mixtures. Material specifications. Part 7: Porous asphalt (PA).
EN ISO 2592, Petroleum products – Determination of flash and fire points – Cleveland open cup method.
EN 12597, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Terminology.
prEN15326, Bitumen and bituminous binders – Measurement of density and specific gravity – Capillary
stoppered pyknometer method.
EN ISO 3838, Crude petroleum and liquid or solid petroleum products – Determination of density or relative
density – Capillary stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicapillary pyknometer methods.
EN ISO 4259, Petroleum products – Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of
test.
EN ISO 9001, Quality management systems. Requirements.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12597 apply.
4 Sampling
Samples of bulk products shall be taken as described in EN 58.
Test samples shall be taken from the laboratory samples, and prepared for testing, as described in EN 12594.
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
5 Requirements and test methods
The bitumens covered by this European Standard represent one of the constituents in asphalt materials
covered by the European Standards prEN 13108-1 to 13108-7. As the European product standards cover a
large variety of asphalt materials for different applications, traffic loads and climatic conditions, EN 12591 must
also cover a large range of bitumens to facilitate the production and application of these materials. The
variation in the prEN13108 series makes it necessary and practical to split the bitumens - mainly due to the
application – which is the reasons for grouping the grades into three separate tables.
The requirements for the properties for a specific grade must be selected from the three Tables 1, 2 and 3 by
choosing a column representing the specified values or ranges.
Two severity levels for resistance to hardening are stated as alternatives because under specific conditions a
larger increase in softening point ring and ball after RTFOT can be allowed without detrimental effect if this
increase is associated with requirements for either breaking point Fraass or penetration index (Ip).
Due to the Construction Product Directive (CPD) there is a subdivision of characteristics in three groups
horizontally in the tables.
1) First characteristic group is the mandatory requirements (essential requirements) associated with
CPD.
2) Second characteristic group is not mandatory properties but indicates properties which shall be
included in all specifications for other reasons (e.g. health, safety, environment, transport, …).
3) Third characteristic group is optional properties that can be considered as useful information or linked
to climatic or other regional considerations.
5.1 Properties and related test methods
The properties of and related test methods for paving grade bitumens shall be in accordance with Tables 1, 2
or 3. When tested by the methods given in the tables, the various paving grades shall conform to the limits
specified.
5.1.1 Consistency at intermediate service temperatures
Consistency at intermediate service temperature for paving grade bitumens shall comply with the
requirements for penetration value in Table 1 and 2, or kinematic viscosity at 60 °C in Table 3. The grades are
designated by the nominal penetration or viscosity ranges as appropriate.
5.1.2 Consistency at elevated service temperatures
Consistency at elevated service temperature for penetration graded paving grade bitumens shall comply with
the requirements for softening point or kinematic viscosity at 60 °C.
5.1.3 Durability – Resistance to hardening
Durability shall be demonstrated by compliance with the required surrogate characteristics of Tables 1, 2 or 3.
Resistance to hardening shall be tested according to the Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT) (EN 12607-1)
for binders from Tables 1 and 2. For a transitional period of three years from the date of availability of this
standard, resistance to hardening may also be tested using the Rotating Flask Test (RFT) (EN 12607-3).
NOTE The transitional period is intended to provide new users with the opportunity to gather empirical data and
experience of the RTFOT.
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
Resistance to hardening shall be tested according to the Thin Film Oven Test (TFOT) (EN 12607-2) for
binders from Table 3.
5.1.4 Other properties
5.1.4.1 Flash point
Flash point shall be determined by the Cleveland open cup method in EN ISO 2592 for normal specification
purposes.
NOTE The Pensky-Martens closed cup method (see EN ISO 2719 [7]) can be used to investigate possible
contamination but is likely to give lower values.
5.1.4.2 Density
Although requirements for the density of paving grade bitumens are not given in this European Standard,
density shall be determined, when necessary, in accordance with prEN 15326.
5.1.4.3 Fraass Breaking Point
This test method is included despite shortcomings in accuracy and precision (see Table 1, Note 2). However,
it is expected that a more appropriate method will be included in a later, performance related standard if a link
to performance is proven.
5.1.4.4 Solubility
Determination of solubility: the current method EN 12592:1999 is being revised due to practical problems.
5.2 Precision and dispute
The test methods referred to in this European Standard include precision statements when available. In cases
of dispute, the procedures described in EN ISO 4259 for resolving the dispute, and interpretation of the results
based on test method precision shall be used.
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
Table 1 — Paving grade bitumen specifications for grades from 20 x 0,1mm to 220 x 0,1mm penetration
a
Characteristics Unit Test method Class 0 20/30 30/45 35/50 40/60 50/70 70/100 100/150 160/220
Penetration at 25 °C 0,1 mm EN 1426 / 20 – 30 30 – 45 35 – 50 40 – 60 50 – 70 70 – 100 100 – 160 –
150 220
Softening point °C EN 1427 / 55 – 63 52 – 60 50 – 58 48 – 56 46 – 54 43 – 51 39 – 47 35 – 43
Resistance to hardening at 163°C EN 12607-1 /
Retained penetration % /
≥ 55 ≥ 53 ≥ 53 ≥ 50 ≥ 50 ≥ 46 ≥ 43 ≥37
Increase in softening point, max - Severity 1 °C
≤ 8 ≤ 8 ≤ 8 ≤ 9 ≤ 9 ≤ 9 ≤ 10 ≤ 11
or / or or or or or or or or
b
Increase in softening point, max - Severity 2 °C
≤ 10 ≤ 11 ≤ 11 ≤ 11 ≤ 11 ≤ 11 ≤ 12 ≤ 12
b
°C EN ISO 2592 /
Flash point ≥ 240 ≥ 240 ≥ 240 ≥ 230 ≥ 230 ≥ 230 ≥ 230 ≥ 220
b
% EN 12592 /
Solubility ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0
b
% EN 12607-1 /
Change of mass after RTFOT ≤ 0,5 ≤ 0,5 ≤ 0,5 ≤ 0,5 ≤ 0,5 ≤ 0,8 ≤ 0,8 ≤ 1,0
c d
Penetration index Annex A NR -1,5 to -1,5 to -1,5 to -1,5 to -1,5 to -1,5 to -1,5 to -1,5 to
+0,7 +0,7 +0,7 +0,7 +0,7 +0,7 +0,7 +0,7
2
d
Kinematic viscosity at 135 °C mm/s EN 12595 NR ≥ 530 ≥ 400 ≥ 370 ≥ 325 ≥ 295 ≥ 230 ≥ 175 ≥ 135
d
Dynamic viscosity at 60 °C Pa.s EN 12596 NR ≥ 440 ≥ 260 ≥ 225 ≥ 175 ≥ 145 ≥ 90 ≥ 55 ≥ 30
d
Fraass breaking point °C EN 12593 NR - ≤ -5 ≤ -5 ≤ -7 ≤ -8 ≤ -10 ≤ -12 ≤ -15
a
Class 0 can only selected for non-mandated properties. These properties are optional. The decision to apply or not to apply a property is taken by the National Standardisation Body (NSB). If chosen it becomes
"required", if not, class 0 is to be selected.
b
When Severity 2 is selected, it shall be associated with Fraass breaking point and/or penetration index.
c
Reference to normative Annex A in the present document, dealing with calculation of the penetration index, Ip.
d
NR: "Not Required", this class is used when there is no mandated requirement for a property.
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
Table 2 — Paving grade bitumen specifications for grades from 250 x 0,1mm to 900 x 0,1mm penetration
Unit Test method 250/330 330/430 500/650 650/900
Penetration at 25 °C or 0,1 mm EN 1426 250 – 330 - - -
Penetration at 15 °C 0,1 mm EN 1426 - 90 – 170 140 – 260 180 – 360
Dynamic viscosity at 60 °C or Pa.s EN 12596
≥ 18 ≥ 12 ≥ 7,0 ≥ 4,5
Softening point °C EN 1427 30 – 38 28 – 36 - -
Resistance to hardening at 163 °C EN 12607-1
Viscosity ratio at 60 °C or
≤ 4,0 ≤ 4,0 ≤ 4,0 ≤ 4,0
Increase in softening point °C - -
≤ 11 ≤ 11
2
Kinematic viscosity at 135 °C mm/s EN 12595
≥ 100 ≥ 85 ≥ 65 ≥ 50
Flash point °C EN 2719
≥ 180 ≥ 180 ≥ 180 ≥ 180
Solubility % mass
EN 12592
≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0
fraction
Resistance to hardening at 163 °C EN 12607-1
Change of mass % ≤ 1,0 ≤ 1,0 ≤ 1,5 ≤ 1,5
Fraass breaking point °C EN 12593
≤ -16 ≤ -18 ≤ -20 ≤ -20
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
Table 3 — Paving grade specification – Soft bitumens : bitumens designated and specified by kinematic viscosity at 60 °C.
Unit Test method V1500 V3000 V6000 V12000
2
Kinematic viscosity at 60 °C mm /s EN 12595 1000 – 2000 2000 – 4000 4000 – 8000 8000 – 16000
Resistance against hardening at 120 °C TFOT EN 12607-2
Viscosity ratio at 60 °C ≤ 3,0 ≤ 3,0 ≤ 2,5 ≤ 2,0
Flash point °C EN 2719
≥ 160 ≥ 160 ≥ 180 ≥ 180
Solubility % mass
EN 12592
≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0 ≥ 99,0
fraction
Resistance against hardening at 120 °C TFOT EN 12607-2
a
Change in mass (absolute value) % ≤ 2,0 ≤ 1,7 ≤ 1,4 ≤ 1,0
a
Change in mass can either be positive or negative
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prEN 12591:2005 (E)
6 Evaluation of conformity
6.1 General
The compliance of paving grade bitume
...
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