EN 409:2009

Timber structures - Test methods - Determination of the yield moment of dowel type fasteners

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the yield moment of dowel type fasteners.

Holzbauwerke - Prüfverfahren - Bestimmung des Fließmoments von stiftförmigen Verbindungsmitteln

Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Fließmomentes von stiftförmigen
Verbindungsmitteln fest.

Structures en bois - Méthodes d'essais - Détermination du moment plastique des organes d'assemblage de type tige

La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode permettant la détermination du moment plastique des
organes d’assemblage de type tige.

Lesene konstrukcije - Preskusni postopki - Ugotavljanje momenta plastičnosti mehanskih spojnih sredstev - Žičniki

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2009
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Oct-2009
• ICS: 91.080.20 - Timber structures
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 124 - Timber structures
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 124/WG 1 - Test methods
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Due Date: 01-Oct-2007
• Completion Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/112 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on structural timber products
• Ref Project: SIST EN 409:2009 - Timber structures - Test methods - Determination of the yield moment of dowel type fasteners

Relations

• Replaces: EN 409:1993 - Timber structures - Test methods - Determination of the yield moment of dowel type fasteners - Nails
• Effective Date: 08-Apr-2009

Overview

EN 409:2009 is a European Standard developed by CEN that specifies the test methods for determining the yield moment of dowel-type fasteners used in timber structures. The yield moment is a critical mechanical property reflecting the bending capacity of fasteners such as nails, screws, dowels, staples, and bolts when subjected to load. Accurate determination of the yield moment ensures safe and reliable connections in timber construction.

This standard supersedes the earlier EN 409:1993 and harmonizes test procedures across CEN member countries, facilitating consistent quality control and design verification of dowel type fasteners.

Key Topics

• Scope and Definitions:

  • Focus on dowel-type fasteners as defined under EN 14592.
  • Yield moment defined as the bending moment at a prescribed rotation angle of the fastener under load.

• Test Setup and Materials:

  • Specimen preparation requires testing the fastener about its weakest bending axis.
  • The free length of the fastener and distances between load points follow dimensional criteria relative to the fastener diameter (e.g., minimum 2d spacing).
  • Materials and fasteners comply with EN 14592 requirements.

• Loading Procedure:

  • Load is applied to maintain perpendicularity to the fastener axis, with precise control to keep loads balanced within ±5%.
  • The rotation angle for determining yield moment varies based on fastener type and timber density:
    • 45° rotation for nails and staples.
    • Variable rotation formula for screws, dowels, and bolts considering tensile strength and timber density.

• Calculation of Yield Moment:

  • Yield moment (My) is calculated from maximum load values and lever arm distances, with an accuracy requirement of 1%.
  • Test results include graphs of rotation angle versus load and detailed load-displacement records.

• Test Report Requirements:

  • Description of the fastener and testing apparatus.
  • Details of specimen configuration including free length location.
  • Mechanical properties such as tensile strength and timber density.
  • Recorded yield moment, failure mode, and reference to EN 409:2009.

• Apparatus Example:

  • Annex A provides details on a bending apparatus, emphasizing rigid and precise load application and rotation measurement.

Applications

EN 409:2009 is essential for:

• Timber Structure Design: Ensuring reliable performance of dowel-type fasteners in wood construction, including roof trusses, beams, and wall panels.
• Quality Control: Standardized testing in manufacturing settings to verify fastener bending strength meets design specifications.
• Certification and Compliance: Providing the basis for fastener classification and certification in Europe by conforming to recognized test methods.
• Research and Development: Supporting development of new fastener designs or innovative timber connection systems with validated mechanical properties.

The standard aids engineers, manufacturers, testing laboratories, and certification bodies by offering robust, repeatable, and standardized test procedures that improve safety and structural integrity in timber engineering.

Related Standards

• EN 14592: Specifies requirements for dowel-type fasteners relevant to materials and mechanical properties.
• Eurocode 5 (EN 1995): Design of timber structures, referencing mechanical fastener properties including yield moments.
• EN 1990: Basis of structural design, providing overarching principles for safety and reliability.
• ISO and CEN Standards on Timber Testing: Various specifications on mechanical testing methods of timber elements and fasteners that complement EN 409's procedures.

Keywords

• Yield moment
• Dowel type fasteners
• Timber structures
• Nail bending test
• Fastener mechanical properties
• EN 409:2009 test method
• Timber connection testing
• European timber standards
• Fastener rotation angle
• Bending moment determination

---

EN 409:2009 plays a vital role in guaranteeing the mechanical reliability of down-type fasteners in timber construction. Its detailed guidelines aid industry professionals in conducting precise and standardized yield moment tests, contributing to safer and more durable wood structures across Europe.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 409:1996
/HVHQHNRQVWUXNFLMH3UHVNXVQLSRVWRSNL8JRWDYOMDQMHPRPHQWDSODVWLþQRVWL
PHKDQVNLKVSRMQLKVUHGVWHYäLþQLNL
Timber structures - Test methods - Determination of the yield moment of dowel type
fasteners
Holzbauwerke - Prüfverfahren - Bestimmung des Fließmoments von stiftförmigen
Verbindungsmitteln
Structures en bois - Méthodes d'essais - Détermination du moment plastique des
organes d'assemblage de type tige
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 409:2009
ICS:
91.080.20 Lesene konstrukcije Timber structures
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 409
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2009
ICS 91.080.20 Supersedes EN 409:1993
English Version
Timber structures - Test methods - Determination of the yield
moment of dowel type fasteners
Structures en bois - Méthodes d'essais - Détermination du Holzbauwerke - Prüfverfahren - Bestimmung des
moment plastique des organes d'assemblage de type tige Fließmoments von stiftförmigen Verbindungsmitteln
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 November 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 409:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions .4
4 Symbols and abbreviations .4
5 Requirements .4
6 Test methods .5
6.1 Principle .5
6.2 Materials .5
6.3 Apparatus .6
6.4 Preparation of the specimen .6
6.5 Loading procedure .6
6.6 Results .7
6.7 Test report .7
Annex A (informative) Bending apparatus.9

Foreword
This document (EN 409:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 124 “Timber structures”,
the secretariat of which is held by SFS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by October 2009.
This document supersedes EN 409:1993.
The following changes have been introduced in this version of EN 409:
- references added in Clause 2;
- symbols added in 4;
- text of 6.5 modified and extended;
- Figure 4 added;
- items added in 6.7.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a method for determining the yield moment of dowel type fasteners.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14592, Timber structures — Dowel-type fastener
...