EN ISO 14688-1:2018

Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of soil - Part 1: Identification and description (ISO 14688-1:2017)

ISO 14688-1:2017 specifies the rules for the identification and description of soils and is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 14688‑2, which outlines the basis of classification of those material characteristics most commonly used for soils for engineering purposes. The relevant characteristics could vary and therefore, for particular projects or materials, more detailed subdivisions of the descriptive and classification terms could be appropriate.
ISO 14688-1:2017 specifies procedures for the identification and description of soils based on a flexible system for use by experienced persons, covering both material and mass characteristics by visual and manual techniques. Details are given of the individual characteristics for identifying soils and the descriptive terms in regular use, including those related to the results of hand tests carried out in the field as part of the descriptive process.
ISO 14688-1:2017 is applicable to the description of soils for engineering purposes which can be those laid by natural processes, those laid by man or comprise synthetic materials.
NOTE 1    The identification and description of rocks are covered by ISO 14689-1. Identification and description of materials intermediate between soil and rocks are carried out using the procedures in this document, ISO 14688‑2 and ISO 14689-1 as appropriate.
NOTE 2    The identification and classification of soil for pedological purposes, as well as in the framework of measurements for soil protection and for remediation of contaminated areas, is covered by ISO 25177.

Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Benennung, Beschreibung und Klassifizierung von Boden - Teil 1: Benennung und Beschreibung (ISO 14688-1:2017)

Dieses Dokument legt zusammen mit ISO 14688-2 die Grundprinzipien für die Benennung und Beschreibung sowie die Klassifizierung von Boden auf der Basis von charakteristischen Eigenschaften fest, die üblicherweise für die Behandlung bautechnischer Fragestellungen benötigt werden. Da die maßgebenden Eigenschaften variieren könnten, kann es sein, dass für besondere Projekte und Bodenmaterialien detailliertere Untergliederungen der beschreibenden und klassifizierenden Begriffe erforderlich werden.
Dieses Dokument legt Verfahren für die Benennung und Beschreibung von Bodenmaterialen mit visuellen und manuellen Methoden fest, die auf einem flexiblen System für den Einsatz durch erfahrene Personen beruhen, welches sowohl die Eigenschaften von Boden als auch von Bodenbestandteilen umfasst. Es werden typische kennzeichnende Eigenschaften beschrieben, anhand derer Bodenmaterialien identifiziert werden können, und allgemein übliche, beschreibende Begriffe eingeführt. Die Ergebnisse der Feldversuche sind Teil des beschreibenden Verfahrens.
Dieses Dokument findet Anwendung für die Beschreibung von Bodenmaterialien im Bauingenieurwesen, die auf natürliche oder auf künstliche Weise entstanden sind, oder auch künstliche Bestandteile enthalten.
ANMERKUNG 1   Die Benennung und Beschreibung von Fels wird in der ISO 14689 1 behandelt. Die Benennung und Beschreibung von Materialien, die zwischen Boden und Fels einzuordnen sind, wird je nach Beschaffenheit nach den Regeln dieses Dokumentes, der ISO 14688-2 und nach ISO 14689-1 durchgeführt.
ANMERKUNG 2   Die Benennung, Beschreibung und Klassifizierung von Böden für pedologische Zwecke sowie im Rahmen von Maßnahmen für den Bodenschutz und zur Sanierung von Altlasten erfolgt nach ISO 25177.

Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Identification et classification des sols - Partie 1: Identification et description (ISO 14688-1:2017)

Ce document spécifie les règles pour l'identification et la description des sols. Il est prévu pour être lu en même temps que l'ISO 14688‑2, qui décrit la base de la classification des sols selon les caractéristiques propres les plus couramment utilisées dans des projets d'ingénierie. Les caractéristiques appropriées peuvent varier, c'est pourquoi, pour des projets ou des matériaux particuliers, des subdivisions plus détaillées des termes descriptifs et de classification pourraient être pertinents.
Ce document spécifie les procédures pour l'identification et la description des sols basées sur un système souple à l'usage de personnes expérimentées, qui porte à la fois sur les caractéristiques des constituants et de leur ensemble recueillies grâce à des techniques visuelles et manuelles. Des détails sont donnés sur les caractéristiques propres permettant de dénommer les sols et sur les termes descriptifs régulièrement usités, y compris ceux qui se rapportent aux résultats des essais manuels sur site en tant qu'élément du processus de description.
Ce document s'applique à la description des sols pour les projets d'ingénierie, sols mis en place par des processus naturels, par l'homme ou qui contiennent des matériaux synthétiques.
NOTE 1    L'identification et la description des roches sont couvertes par l'ISO 14689‑1. L'identification et la description des matériaux intermédiaires entre le sol et les roches sont effectuées suivant les procédures les plus adaptées parmi celles de ce présent document, de l'ISO 14688‑2 et de l'ISO 14689‑1.
NOTE 2    L'identification et la classification des sols à des fins pédologiques, ainsi que dans le cadre de mesures pour la protection des sols ou pour la remédiation des secteurs pollués, sont traitées par l'ISO 25177.

Geotehnično preiskovanje in preskušanje - Prepoznavanje in razvrščanje zemljin - 1. del: Prepoznavanje in opisovanje (ISO 14688-1:2017)

Ta dokument določa pravila za prepoznavanje in opisovanje zemljin ter ga je treba brati v povezavi s standardom ISO 14688-2, ki določa podlago za razvrstitev značilnosti materialov, ki se najpogosteje uporabljajo za zemljine, namenjene za uporabo v gradbeništvu. Pomembne značilnosti materialov se lahko razlikujejo, zato sta pri nekaterih projektih in materialih primerna podrobnejši opis in opredelitev.
Ta dokument določa postopke za prepoznavanje in opisovanje zemljin na podlagi prilagodljivega sistema, ki ga uporabljajo izkušene osebe, ter zajema značilnosti materiala in mase z uporabo vizualnih ter ročnih tehnik. Podane so podrobnosti posameznih značilnosti za prepoznavanje zemljin in opisni izrazi v redni uporabi, vključno s tistimi, ki so povezani z rezultati ročnih preskusov, izvedenih na terenu kot del opisnega postopka.
Ta dokument se uporablja za opisovanje zemljin, namenjenih za uporabo v gradbeništvu, pri čemer se lahko nanesejo prek naravnih procesov oziroma jih nanese človek ali pa zajemajo sintetične materiale.
OPOMBA 1: Prepoznavanje in opisovanje kamnin sta zajeta v standardu ISO 14689-1. Prepoznavanje in opisovanje vmesnih materialov med zemljinami in kamninami sta izvedena z ustreznimi postopki v tem dokumentu ter standardih ISO 14688-2 in ISO 14689-1.
OPOMBA 2: Prepoznavanje in razvrščanje zemljin za pedološke namene ter v okviru meritev za zaščito zemljin in za sanacijo kontaminiranih območij sta zajeta v standardu ISO 25177.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 13-Feb-2018
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Aug-2018
• ICS: 13.080.05 - Examination of soils in general
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 341 - Geotechnical Investigation and Testing
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 341 - Geotechnical Investigation and Testing
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 14-Feb-2018
• Completion Date: 14-Feb-2018
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 14688-1:2018 - Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of soil - Part 1: Identification and description (ISO 14688-1:2017)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 14688-1:2002/A1:2013 - Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of soil - Part 1: Identification and description - Amendment 1 (ISO 14688-1:2002/Amd 1:2013)
• Effective Date: 21-Feb-2018
• Replaces: EN ISO 14688-1:2002/AC:2005 - Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of soil - Part 1: Identification and description (ISO 14688-1:2002)
• Effective Date: 21-Feb-2018
• Replaces: EN ISO 14688-1:2002 - Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of soil - Part 1: Identification and description (ISO 14688-1:2002)
• Effective Date: 23-Jul-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2018
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SIST EN ISO 14688-1:2004
SIST EN ISO 14688-1:2004/A1:2013
SIST EN ISO 14688-1:2004/AC:2008
*HRWHKQLþQRSUHLVNRYDQMHLQSUHVNXãDQMH3UHSR]QDYDQMHLQUD]YUãþDQMH]HPOMLQ
GHO3UHSR]QDYDQMHLQRSLVRYDQMH,62
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of soil - Part 1:
Identification and description (ISO 14688-1:2017)
Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Benennung, Beschreibung und
Klassifizierung von Boden - Teil 1: Benennung und Beschreibung (ISO 14688-1:2017)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Identification et classification des sols - Partie
1: Identification et description (ISO 14688-1:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14688-1:2018
ICS:
13.080.05 Preiskava tal na splošno Examination of soils in
general
93.020 Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Earthworks. Excavations.
Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod Foundation construction.
zemljo Underground works
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 14688-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.080.05; 93.020 Supersedes EN ISO 14688-1:2002
English Version
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and
classification of soil - Part 1: Identification and description
(ISO 14688-1:2017)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Identification Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung -
et classification des sols - Partie 1: Identification et Benennung, Beschreibung und Klassifizierung von
description (ISO 14688-1:2017) Boden - Teil 1: Benennung und Beschreibung (ISO
14688-1:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 November 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14688-1:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14688-1:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 182
“Geotechnics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 341 “Geotechnical Investigation and
Testing” the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2018, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by August 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14688-1:2002.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14688-1:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14688-1:2018 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14688-1
Second edition
2017-12
Geotechnical investigation and
testing — Identification and
classification of soil —
Part 1:
Identification and description
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques — Identification et
classification des sols —
Partie 1: Identification et description
Reference number
ISO 14688-1:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
ISO 14688-1:2017(E)
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
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ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 14688-1:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1  Scope . 1
2  Normative references . 1
3  Terms and definitions . 1
4  General . 3
5  Identification of soil . 4
5.1 Mineral soil . 4
5.1.1 General. 4
5.1.2 Composite soils . 8
5.1.3 Plasticity . 9
5.1.4 Organic content in mineral soils . 9
5.2 Organic soils . 9
5.3 Carbonate soils .10
5.4 Sulfide soils .10
5.5 Volcanic soils .10
5.6 Loess .10
5.7 Glacial soils .10
5.8 Anthropogenic soil . .10
5.9 Origin of deposit .11
5.9.1 General.11
5.9.2 Depositional environment .11
5.9.3 Geological unit .11
6  Description of soil .11
6.1 Description of soil properties .11
6.1.1 Particle size distribution .11
6.1.2 Particle shape .11
6.1.3 Particle strength .12
6.1.4 Mineral composition . .12
6.1.5 Fines content .12
6.1.6 Consistency .12
6.1.7 Soil colours .13
6.1.8 Organic content .14
6.1.9 Carbonate content .14
6.1.10 Degree of decomposition of peat .14
6.2 Description of different soil types .15
6.2.1 Volcanic soils .15
6.2.2 Loess .15
6.2.3 Glacial soils .15
6.2.4 Anthropogenic soil .16
7  Description of bedding and discontinuities .16
7.1 Bedding .16
7.2 Discontinuities .
...