EN 17952:2024
(Main)Value Management - Function Analysis: Basic characteristics, requirements and guidance for implementation
Value Management - Function Analysis: Basic characteristics, requirements and guidance for implementation
This document presents Function Analysis (FA) and specifies requirements for Function Analysis and its deliverables. It presents the two distinct areas of application, namely, Functional Need Analysis (FNA) relating to understanding the need, setting goals and Technical Function Analysis (TFA) relating to selecting and developing a solution. It specifies requirements for the basic characteristics of the deliverables within FNA and TFA and expands requirements, guidance and recommendations about FA expressed in the Functional Performance Specification Standard (EN 16271) and in the Value Management Standard (EN 12973).
This document provides an essential reference and support for any person wishing to improve the efficiency, effectiveness and overall performance of their organization. It aims to support sustainable development in an organization. FA offers an opportunity to enhance skills of people involved.
In order to present the conditions for implementation and development of FA deliverables, this document:
• introduces the interests and fields of application and presents a variety of situations in which FA is used in support of projects of all types and sizes;
• specifies essential conditions for successful FA, including roles and responsibilities of the people involved, monitoring the performance of the FA team, processes for validation and verification and supply of valid and verified deliverables; and
• specifies requirements for FA and the basic characteristics of FA deliverables whilst outlining methods, and tools for the realization of the deliverables.
FA is progressed using the following:
• FNA: support for the process of identifying and understanding the need, defining objectives, and setting the goal to be achieved;
• TFA: support for design or research processes and evaluation of solutions; and
• Iteratively focusing on the FNA and TFA by revisiting the identified need, balancing capabilities of available technologies, resources and constraints, achieving the most desirable outcome.
In the area of FNA, this document sets out FNA requirements for the deliverables to establish the Functional Need Expression (FNE). The FNE can serve as a basis for establishing an understanding of the expressed need, the complete list of User Related Functions (URFs), constraints and interfaces. These deliverables serve as a basis for identifying, organizing, characterizing and prioritizing functions and function interfaces. These deliverables can also support preliminary risk and reliability studies, economic studies, impact assessments and development of Functional Performance Specifications (FPSs).
In the area of TFA, this document sets out requirements for TFA deliverables which aim to satisfy the need, expressed in the FNE. The TFA deliverables are focused on analysing existing and potential solutions, identifying a complete list of the Product Related Functions (PRFs) to meet the FNE; evaluating concepts and making a choice for a solution then optimizing the Product Function Architecture (PFA) to identify the “best” solution.
Value Management - Funktionenanalyse: Grundlegende Merkmale, Anforderungen und Leitlinie für die Umsetzung
Management par la valeur - Analyse Fonctionnelle: caractéristiques fondamentales, exigences et recommandations pour la mise en œuvre
Le présent document présente l’Analyse Fonctionnelle (AF) et spécifie les exigences applicables à l’Analyse Fonctionnelle et à ses livrables. Il présente les deux domaines d’application distincts, à savoir l’Analyse Fonctionnelle du Besoin (AFB), qui permet de comprendre le besoin, de fixer des objectifs, et l’Analyse Fonctionnelle Technique (AFT), qui permet de sélectionner et développer une solution. Il précise les exigences relatives aux caractéristiques fondamentales des livrables dans le cadre de l’AFB et de l’AFT et développe les exigences, les orientations et les recommandations relatives à l’AF exprimées dans la norme sur le cahier des charges fonctionnel (EN 16271) et dans la norme sur le management par la valeur (EN 12973).
Le présent document constitue une référence et un support essentiels pour toute personne désireuse d’améliorer l’efficience, l’efficacité et la performance globale de son organisation. Il vise à soutenir le développement durable dans une organisation. L’AF offre une opportunité pour améliorer les compétences des personnes impliquées.
Pour présenter les conditions de mise en œuvre et de constitution des livrables de l’AF, le présent document :
— décrit l’intérêt et les domaines d’application, présente différentes situations dans lesquelles l’AF est utilisée en soutien de projets de tous types et de toutes tailles ;
— précise les conditions essentielles d’une AF réussie, y compris les rôles et les responsabilités des personnes impliquées, la surveillance de l’évolution du GAF, les processus de validation et de vérification pour obtenir la fourniture de produits livrables valides et vérifiés ; et
— précise les exigences pour l’AF et les caractéristiques de base des livrables de l’AF tout en décrivant les méthodes et les outils pour la réalisation des livrables.
L’AF se met en œuvre en appliquant la démarche suivante :
— AFB : mise en œuvre du processus d’identification et de compréhension du besoin, de définition des objectifs et de détermination du but à atteindre ;
— AFT : soutien aux processus de conception ou de recherche et évaluation des solutions ; et
— la prise en compte itérative entre l’AFB et l’AFT en réexaminant le besoin identifié, en conciliant les capacités des technologies disponibles, les ressources et les contraintes à respecter, afin d’obtenir le résultat le plus souhaitable.
Dans le domaine de l’AFB, le présent document recense les exigences de l’AFB afin d’établir les livrables de l’Expression Fonctionnelle du Besoin (EFB). L’EFB peut servir de base pour établir une description du besoin à satisfaire, la liste complète des Fonctions de Service (FS), des contraintes et des interfaces. Ces livrables servent de base pour l’identification, l’organisation, la caractérisation et la hiérarchisation des fonctions et des interfaces fonctionnelles. Ces livrables peuvent également alimenter des études préliminaires de risque, de fiabilité, des études économiques, des évaluations d’impact ou l’élaboration d’un Cahier des Charges Fonctionnel (CdCF).
Dans le domaine de l’AFT, le présent document recense les exigences pour les livrables de l’AFT qui visent à répondre au besoin exprimé dans l’EFB. Les livrables de l’AFT sont axés sur l’analyse des solutions existantes et potentielles, l’identification d’une liste complète des Fonctions Techniques (FT) pour répondre à l’EFB ; l’évaluation des concepts et le choix d’une solution, puis l’optimisation de l’Architecture Fonctionnelle du Produit (AFP) afin de construire la « meilleure » solution.
Upravljanje vrednosti - Analiza funkcij, osnovne značilnosti: Zahteve in navodila za izvajanje in doseganje rezultatov
Namen tega dokumenta je zagotoviti učinkovito podporo za vsako osebo ali subjekt, ki želi izboljšati svojo učinkovitost pri aktivnostih opredelitve, razvoja in/ali realizacije katerega koli dejanja ali projekta.
Analiza funkcij vključuje in se sklicuje na način razmišljanja, temelječ na neprekinjenem procesu, s predano ekipo, ki spodbuja iskanje cilja in potrebe, ki jih je treba izpolniti, še pred iskanjem načinov za dosego tega cilja, ki se uporablja na kateri koli ravni in v katerem koli procesu.
Analiza funkcij (FA) opredeljuje cilj na jedrnat in jasno izražen način, neodvisno od rešitev, ter zagotavlja podporo in pomoč v postopku za učinkovito izpolnitev opredeljene potrebe. Aktivnosti analize funkcij izboljšujejo timsko delo ter pomagajo zagotoviti soglasje in sodelovanje pri skupnem prizadevanju za izpolnitev želenega cilja.
Analiza funkcij je bila nekoč povezana z vrednostno analizo, vrednostnim inženiringom in upravljanjem vrednosti. V današnjem času je analiza funkcij samostojna metoda in se uporablja v številnih disciplinah, kot so sočasni inženiring, sistemski inženiring in obvladovanje tveganj. V praksi mora analiza funkcij izpolnjevati posebne zahteve za zagotovitev veljavnosti pričakovanih rezultatov in njihove uporabe v kontekstu predvidene uporabe. Analiza funkcij je temeljni element pomoči za optimalno delovanje organizacij, ki omogoča iskanje priložnosti ob prepoznavanju in znatnem zmanjševanju nevarnosti v celotnem življenjskem ciklu in izven njega.
Ta dokument ločeno določa zahteve glede procesov, ki se uporabljajo za rezultate, ki se pričakujejo pri analizi funkcij – to sta funkcionalna analiza potreb in tehnična analiza funkcij. Tehnična analiza funkcij (s funkcijami, povezanimi z izdelkom) si mora prizadevati za izpolnitev vseh funkcij, povezanih z uporabnikom, opredeljenih s funkcionalno analizo potreb.
0.2 Analiza funkcij v središču upravljanja
Pri posameznih aktivnostih upravljanja je nujno sistematično razlikovanje med dvema področjema: prvo je cilj, ki ga je treba doseči (namen), drugo pa način doseganja tega cilja (sredstva in viri, proces ali rešitev).
Z dvema različnima področjema analiza funkcij ob soočenju z izzivi različne kompleksnosti zagotavlja učinkovito in močno metodološko podporo na vseh ravneh in področjih uporabe. Uporablja se lahko na primer pri načrtovanju strategije, poslovnem in projektnem vodenju, razvoju izdelkov in trga ali v katerem koli procesu reševanja težav. Zagotavlja priložnost za izboljšanje uspešnosti lastne organizacije.
Pri vsakem projektu ali dejanju je pomembno upoštevati, da bo kakovost rezultata ali odgovora v najboljšem primeru tako dobra kot vprašanje oziroma kakovost definicije predlaganega dejanja.
Analiza funkcij je na primer bistvenega pomena – in v številnih pogledih formalna zahteva – vsakega pristopa upravljanja vrednosti, vrednostne analize ali dejanja vrednostnega inženiringa.
0.3 Prispevki za različne uporabnike standarda
Pristop analize funkcij je lahko različnim uporabnikom v pomoč pri pojasnjevanju, razumevanju ter opredelitvi inreševanju kakršnih koli težav v organizaciji. Analiza funkcij je v pomoč pri pridobivanju podatkov in izzivih na dveh področjih: z razjasnitvijo cilja, ki ga je treba doseči, in potrebe, ki jo je treba izpolniti (funkcionalna analiza potreb), ter z iskanjem, raziskovanjem in vzpostavitvijo najboljše rešitve za opredeljeno potrebo in cilj (tehnična analiza funkcij).
Prednosti učinkovite uporabe funkcionalne analize potreb so:
– jedrnata in nedvoumna opredelitev ali opis potrebe, ki jo je treba izpolniti za dani predmet študije (cilj, ki ga je treba doseči);
– izboljšanje komunikacije med člani ekipe, ki sodelujejo pri projektu, znotraj skupne vizije, brez nepotrebnega strokovnega žargona.
Prednosti tehnične analize funkcij [...]
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2024
Upravljanje vrednosti - Analiza funkcij, osnovne značilnosti: Zahteve in navodila
za izvajanje in doseganje rezultatov
Value management - Function analysis, basic characteristics: Requirements and
guidance for implementation and achieving deliverables
Value Management - Funktionsanalyse, grundlegende Merkmale
Management par la Valeur - Analyse Fonctionnelle, caractéristiques fondamentales :
Exigences et recommandations pour la mise en œuvre et la réalisation des livrables
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17952:2024
ICS:
03.100.40 Raziskave in razvoj Research and development
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 17952
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 03.100.40
English Version
Value Management - Function Analysis: Basic
characteristics, requirements and guidance for
implementation
Management par la valeur - Analyse Fonctionnelle: Value Management - Funktionenanalyse: Grundlegende
caractéristiques fondamentales, exigences et Merkmale, Anforderungen und Leitlinien für die
recommandations pour la mise en œuvre Umsetzung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 February 2024.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17952:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 9
4 Function Analysis overview . 14
4.1 Context for Function Analysis . 14
4.2 Function Analysis: a system approach . 15
4.3 Function Analysis with its two distinct areas . 16
4.3.1 General. 16
4.3.2 Functional Need Analysis . 19
4.3.3 Technical Function Analysis . 20
4.4 Essential conditions for successful Function Analysis . 21
4.4.1 Essential Conditions for success . 21
4.4.2 Roles and contributions of the involved people . 21
4.5 Function Thinking . 22
5 Application of Function Analysis . 22
5.1 General. 22
5.2 Level of analysis . 23
5.2.1 General. 23
5.2.2 Top Management level of the organization: Vision and Strategy . 23
5.2.3 Management level . 23
5.2.4 Operational level . 24
5.2.5 Day-to-Day Management . 24
5.3 Integrating with other Disciplines . 24
5.3.1 Risk management and Dependability . 24
5.3.2 Sourcing and Procurement . 25
5.3.3 Systems and Software Engineering . 25
5.3.4 Innovation Management . 25
5.3.5 Organization corporate social responsibility . 26
6 Requirements for effective application of Function Analysis . 26
6.1 General. 26
6.2 Scope study. 27
6.3 Identify functions and constraints . 28
6.4 Organize the functions . 30
6.5 Characterize the functions . 30
6.6 Prioritizing the functions . 31
6.7 Estimating efficiency of potential solutions . 31
7 Requirements applicable to Function Analysis deliverables. 32
7.1 General. 32
7.2 Requirements applicable to Functional Need Analysis (FNA) deliverables . 32
7.2.1 General. 32
7.2.2 Study Scope . 32
7.2.3 Description of the overall need. 33
7.2.4 Search for identification and description of functions . 34
7.2.5 Contribution to the definition and validation of the solution . 37
7.2.6 Use of Functional Need Analysis. 39
7.3 Requirements applicable to Technical Function Analysis (TFA) deliverables . 39
7.3.1 General . 39
7.3.2 Expected contributions . 39
7.3.3 Study Scope . 40
7.3.4 Description of the need to be satisfied . 40
7.3.5 Description of functions . 40
7.3.6 Contribution to the definition and validation of the solution . 43
7.3.7 Use of Function Analysis for market testing and Competitive Advantage . 46
Annex A (informative) Guidance applicable to the approach and methods of Function
Analysis . 48
Bibliography . 57
European foreword
This document (EN 17952:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 279 “Value
management, value analysis, function analysis”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2024, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
This document sets out requirements for Function Analysis (FA). FA is used to define and validate
needs, prioritize requirements, assess performance, stimulate innovation, guide design and support
procurement and inform decisions to use, reuse, and recycle parts and products.
FA provides people in different fields of application with a proven method for defining needs,
developing an offer, improving purchases, contracting a partnership or increasing the efficiency of
activities. FA is a process that describes completely the functions and their relationships which are
systematically characterized, classified and evaluated.
0.1 General
The purpose of this document is to provide effective support to any person or organization wishing to
improve its effectiveness or performance or operational activities and in the definition, development or
the realization of any action or project.
FA makes an effective contribution in fields of quality management (EN ISO 9001), environmental
management systems (EN ISO 14001), configuration management (ISO 10007, EN 9223-100),
dependability management (EN 60300-1), circular economy (EN 62309), systems and software
engineering (ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288) and performance management. It is essential for Value Management
(EN 12973) and successful application of a Functional Performance Specification (EN 16271).
FA involves and relies upon a way of thinking, based on a continuous process, with or without a
dedicated team, that encourages the search for the goal and the nee
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