Protection against lightning - Part 1: General principles

IEC 62305-1:2024 provides general principles for the protection of structures against lightning, including their installations and contents, as well as persons.
The following cases are outside the scope of this document:
- railway systems;
- vehicles, ships, aircraft, offshore installations;
- underground high-pressure pipelines;
- pipe, power and telecommunication lines separated from the structure;
- nuclear power plants.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) reference to the IEC 62561 series is made in Annex D to provide a link to relevant lightning protection system components according to the IEC 62561 series;
b) risk management introduces the concept of types of loss with public relevance;
c) the concept of frequency of damage that can impair the availability of the internal systems within the structure has been introduced;
d) surge currents due to lightning flashes have been more accurately specified for SPD dimensioning in low-voltage power systems and in telecommunication systems.

Protection contre la foudre - Partie 1: Principes généraux

L'IEC 62305-1:2024 fournit des principes généraux de protection des structures contre la foudre, y compris leurs installations, leur contenu et les personnes qui s'y trouvent.
Les cas suivants ne relèvent pas du domaine d'application du présent document:
- chemins de fer;
- véhicules, navires, avions, installations en mer;
- canalisations enterrées à haute pression;
- canalisations, lignes de puissance et de communication séparées de la structure;
- centrales nucléaires de puissance.
Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition parue en 2010. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) à l'Annexe D, il est fait référence à la série IEC 62561 pour faire le lien avec les composants des systèmes de protection contre la foudre correspondants selon la série IEC 62561;
b) la gestion des risques introduit le concept des types de pertes qui revêtent une importance publique;
c) introduction du concept de fréquence des dommages qui peuvent influencer la disponibilité des réseaux internes à la structure;
d) les courants de surcharge dus aux coups de foudre ont été spécifiés avec davantage de précision pour le dimensionnement des SPD dans des systèmes d'alimentation basse tension et dans les réseaux de communication.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
11-Sep-2024
Technical Committee
Drafting Committee
Current Stage
PPUB - Publication issued
Start Date
05-Jan-2024
Completion Date
12-Sep-2024
Ref Project

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IEC 62305-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2024-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Protection against lightning –
Part 1: General principles
Protection contre la foudre –
Partie 1: Principes généraux
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IEC 62305-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2024-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Protection against lightning –

Part 1: General principles
Protection contre la foudre –
Partie 1: Principes généraux
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.020, 91.120.40 ISBN 978-2-8322-8002-7

– 2 – IEC 62305-1:2024 © IEC 2024
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Lightning current parameters . 17
5 Damage due to lightning . 18
5.1 Damage to a structure . 18
5.1.1 General . 18
5.1.2 Effects of lightning on a structure . 18
5.1.3 Sources and causes of damage to a structure . 19
5.2 Types of loss . 20
6 Need for lightning protection . 21
6.1 Risk and frequency . 21
6.2 Need for lightning protection for reduction of risk R . 22
6.3 Need for lightning protection for reduction of frequency of damage F . 22
7 Protection measures . 23
7.1 General . 23
7.2 Protection measures to reduce injury to human beings by electric shock . 23
7.3 Protection measures to reduce physical damage. 24
7.4 Protection measures to reduce failure of internal systems . 24
7.5 Protection measures selection . 24
8 Basic criteria for protection of structures . 24
8.1 General . 24
8.2 Lightning protection levels (LPLs) . 25
8.3 Lightning protection zones (LPZs) . 27
8.4 Protection of structures . 29
8.4.1 Protection to reduce physical damage and life hazard . 29
8.4.2 Protection to reduce the failure of internal systems . 30
Annex A (informative) Parameters of lightning current . 31
A.1 Lightning flashes to earth . 31
A.2 Lightning current parameters . 34
A.3 Fixing the maximum lightning current parameters for LPL I . 39
A.3.1 General . 39
A.3.2 First positive stroke and long stroke . 39
A.3.3 First negative stroke . 40
A.3.4 Subsequent stroke . 40
A.4 Fixing the minimum lightning current parameters . 40
Annex B (informative) Time functions of the lightning current for analysis purposes . 42
Annex C (informative) Simulation of the lightning current for test purposes . 47
C.1 General . 47
C.2 Simulation of the specific energy of the first positive stroke and the charge of
the long stroke . 47
C.3 Simulation of the front current steepness of the impulses . 48

Annex D (informative) Test parameters simulating the effects of lightning current on
LPS components . 51
D.1 General . 51
D.2 Current parameters relevant to the point of strike . 51
D.3 Current sharing . 52
D.4 Effects of lightning current causing possible damage . 53
D.4.1 Thermal effects . 53
D.4.2 Mechanical effects . 57
D.4.3 Combined effects . 61
D.4.4 Sparking . 61
D.4.5 Soil ionization . 61
D.5 LPS components, relevant problems and test parameters . 61
D.5.1 General . 61
D.5.2 Air terminations . 61
D.5.3 Down conductors . 62
D.5.4 Connecting components . 63
D.5.5 Earth terminations . 64
D.6 Surge protective devices (SPDs) . 64
D.6.1 General . 64
D.6.2 SPD containing spark gaps . 64
D.6.3 SPD containing metal-oxide varistors . 65
D.7 Summary of the test parameters to be adopted in testing LPS components . 66
Annex E (informative) Surge currents due to lightning at different installation points . 67
E.1 General . 67
E.2 Surge currents due to flashes to the structure (source of damage S1) . 67
E.2.1 Surge currents flowing through external conductive parts and lines
connected to the structure . 67
E.2.2 Factors influencing the sharing of the lightning current and related
charge in power lines . 67
E.2.3 Surge currents flowing through line conductors connected to the
structure . 68
E.2.4 Surge currents flowing through conductive parts and cables internal to
the structure connected to LPS . 69
E.2.5 Surge currents flowing through cables connected to different points of
the earth-termination s
...

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