ISO TS 80004-11:2017

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 11: Nanolayer, nanocoating, nanofilm, and related terms

ISO/TS 80004-11:2017 lists terms and definitions, and specifies an extensible taxonomic terminology framework for nanolayers, nanocoatings, nanofilms, and related terms in the field of nanotechnologies.

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulaire - Partie 11: Nanocouche, nanorevêtement, nanofilm et termes associés

L'ISO/TS 80004-11:2017 donne une liste de termes et de définitions et spécifie un cadre taxonomique extensible de terminologie pour les nanocouches, les nanorevêtements, les nanofilms et les termes associés dans le domaine des nanotechnologies.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2017
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 01.040.07 - Natural and applied sciences (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 07.120 - Nanotechnologies
• Technical Committee: TC 113 - Nanotechnology for electrotechnical products and systems
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Completion Date: 10-Nov-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 80004-11
First edition
2017-05
Nanotechnologies — Vocabulary —
Part 11:
Nanolayer, nanocoating, nanofilm, and
related terms
Nanotechnologies — Vocabulaire —
Partie 11: Nano-couche, nano-revêtement, nano-film et termes
associés
Reference number
ISO/TS 80004-11:2017(E)
ISO 2017
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/TS 80004-11:2017(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior

written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of

the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TS 80004-11:2017(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3.1 Basic terms describing coatings, layers, films, freestanding films and membranes ................... 1

3.2 Terms describing elements having thickness in the nanoscale (nanocoatings,

nanolayers, nanofilms, and related terms) ..................................................................................................................... 3

3.2.1 Freestanding elements ............................................................................................................................................... 3

3.2.2 Elements on substrates .............................................................................................................................................. 3

3.3 Terms describing elements having internal or surface structures in the nanoscale .................. 3

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5

Alphabetical index ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/TS 80004-11:2017(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following

URL: w w w . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nanotechnologies, in collaboration

with IEC/TC 113, Nanotechnology for electrotechnical products and systems.
A list of all parts in the ISO/TS 80004 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/TS 80004-11:2017(E)
Introduction

Nanotechnologies are used in many application areas providing specific functionalities. Ordered

structures are beginning to be used increasingly in applications such as layered coatings for protection

of surfaces from wear, in which there can be multiple layers with individual layer thicknesses of just a

few nanometres. Nanotextured surfaces are being developed where a patterned texture on the surface

of a component can have a major influence on the properties of the component.

When discussing these applications of nanotechnologies, a common frame of reference for certain

general terms is desirable. In general, a coating is applied to a substrate and is not discrete. In this regard,

there is general agreement that a coating which is nanoscale in thickness should not be considered

a nanoplate due to the integral relationship of the coating to the substrate. A film is freestanding or

applied to a substrate, a layer can be internal or external and be single or multi-layer, a membrane is a

film separating two phases.

Many different industries employ terms presented in this document. There are a number of relevant

standards committees. In particular, the work of the following ISO committees is acknowledged:

— ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes;

NOTE Specific terms and definitions for paints and varnishes in the field of nanotechnologies are given

in ISO 4618.
— ISO/TC 164/SC 3, Hardness testing (e.g. nano-indentation);
— ISO/TC 172/SC 3, Optical materials and components;
— ISO/TC 201, Surface chemical analysis;
— ISO/TC 202, Microbeam analysis;
— ISO/TC 256, Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders.

The terms “coating”, “layer”, “film” and other related terms can be grouped by distinguishing between

coatings, layers and films having a thickness in the nanoscale (i.e. external dimension in the nanoscale)

and those having internal structures in the nanoscale (e.g. nanostructured coatings, nanocomposite

coatings, dispersion coatings with dispersed nano-objects, etc.). For the purposes of classification,

following the hierarchy established in ISO/TS 80004-1 (which describes nanomaterial by the two

categories “nano-objects” and “nanostructured material”),

— the terms “nanolayer”, “nanocoating”, and “nanofilm” are assigned to “nano-objects”, and

— the terms “nanostructured layers”, “coatings”, and “films” are assigned to nanostructured material.

See Figure 1 for details.
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/TS 80004-11:2017(E)

NOTE Assigning the terms “nanolayer”, “nanocoating”, and “nanofilm” to “nano-objects” and the terms

“nanostructured layers”, “coatings”, and “films’ to “nanostructured material” following the hierarchy of

nanomaterial terms in ISO/TS 80004-1.
Figure 1 — Hierarchy of nanomaterial terms

The usage of many terms defined in this document depends on specific sectors. Therefore, there is

a specific usage with respect to the deposition techniques used, e.g. coating, ECD (electrochemical

deposition), spin coating, PVD (physical vapour deposition), CVD (chemical vapour deposition), sol-

gel deposition, ALD (atomic layer deposition), LBL (layer-by-layer deposition), and Langmuir-Blodgett

deposition.

Another example is the polymer sector where the terms “film”, “sheet”, or “foil” are often used to

describe the same element (i.e. “a thin, flexible, transparent sheet, as of plastic, used in wrapping or

[9]

packaging” ). In this respect, the terms “foil” or “sheet” might be best suited for freestanding films.

In other areas, the term “film” is used to refer to a foil which might cover the surface of an object. The

electroplating and the paint sector uses the terms “coating” and “layer”.

The terms “film”, “coating”, and “layer” are often used synonymously. For instance, the vacuum

deposition sector uses the terms “thin film” (since ~1960), “film”, “layer”, “multilayer”, but also

“coating”, even using the combined term “thin film coating”. Even academic textbooks use these terms

[8]

synonymously, without any specific definitions . Nearly all PVD/CVD coatings are nanostructured

(i.e. have a structure in the nanoscale).

Some combined terms predominantly use one specific term out of “film”, “coating”, and “layer”:

— “multilayer” (“multi-film” not used);
— “layer-st
...