IEC 62330-2:2003

Helical-scan digital video cassette recording system using 12,65 mm (0,5 in) magnetic tape - Format HD-D5 - Part 2: Compression format

IEC 62330-2:2003 defines the encoding process of the HD-D5 video compression and its data format for the 1 080/59,94i system (hereinafter referred to as the 1 080i system) and the 720/59,94p system (hereinafter referred to as the 720p system). This bilingual version (2012-11) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in 2003-05.

Système de magnétoscope numérique à cassette à balayage hélicoïdal sur bande magnétique de 12,65 mm (0,5 in) - Format HD-D5 - Partie 2: Format de compression

La CEI 62330-2:2003 définit le processus de codage de la compression vidéo HD-D5 ainsi que son format de données pour le système 1 080/59,94i (appelé ci-après système 1 080i) et le système 720/59,94p (appelé ci-après système 720p). La présente version bilingue (2012-11) correspond à la version anglaise monolingue publiée en 2003-05.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 26-May-2003
• ICS: 33.160.40 - Video systems
• ICS: 35.240.99 - IT applications in other fields
• Technical Committee: TC 100 - Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 27-May-2003
• Completion Date: 15-Jan-2004

Overview

IEC 62330-2:2003 specifies the compression format for the HD‑D5 helical‑scan digital video cassette recording system (12.65 mm / 0.5 in tape). It defines the encoding process and data organization for high‑definition video in the 1 080/59.94i (1080i) and 720/59.94p (720p) systems. This part of the IEC 62330 series describes how sampled luminance and chrominance components are blocked, transformed, weighted, shuffled, quantized, variable‑length coded (VLC) and packed into DIF blocks for recording or transmission.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Target systems: 1080/59.94i and 720/59.94p HD formats.
• Sampling rates: luminance (Y) sampled at 74.25/1.001 MHz and chrominance (C/Cb, Cr) at 37.125/1.001 MHz (per IEC text referencing ITU‑R BT.709/BT.1543).
• Block structure:
  • Active video is partitioned into Super Macro Block Groups (SMBGs), Super Macro Blocks (SMB), Macro Blocks (MB), and DCT blocks.
  • Each MB contains four luminance DCT blocks (8×4 pixels) and two chrominance DCT blocks (8×8 pixels).
  • Adjacent luminance and chrominance DCT blocks can be overlapped by one pixel column for robustness.
• Compression pipeline:
  • Blocking → Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) → Categorization and weighting → Coefficient‑group (CG) shuffling and RMB (rearranged macro block) shuffling → Quantization → Variable length coding (VLC) → Packing.
  • Includes rate control and special handling to improve reconstruction resilience (Annex A covers overlapped block DCT coding for robustness).
• Data packing:
  • VLC outputs are organized into DIF blocks; a compressed HD‑D5 field/frame comprises 5,760 DIF blocks (as specified).
• Normative references: ITU‑R BT.709 and ITU‑R BT.1543 are cited for sampling and image format parameters.

Applications and users

IEC 62330-2:2003 is intended for:

• Broadcast equipment manufacturers designing HD‑D5 VTRs, encoders/decoders and transport interfaces.
• Firmware/software developers implementing encoder/decoder pipelines for legacy HD tape systems.
• Archive and media preservation specialists working with HD‑D5 tapes who need to understand encoded data layout and recovery methods.
• System integrators and test labs validating compliance of recording/playback devices.
• Standards authors and researchers referencing historical HD tape compression practices.

Practical uses include implementing compliant encoders/decoders, diagnosing corrupted tape data, and ensuring interoperability of HD‑D5 recorders and playback systems.

Related standards

• IEC 62330‑1: VTR specifications (tape, recording, magnetization, modulation).
• IEC 62330‑3: Data stream format - transmission of HD‑D5 compressed audio/video over 360 Mb/s serial digital interface.
• ITU‑R BT.709 and ITU‑R BT.1543 for HDTV sampling and image format parameters.

Keywords: IEC 62330-2:2003, HD‑D5, compression format, 1080i, 720p, helical‑scan, DCT, VLC, quantization, SMB, RMB, DIF blocks.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
62330-2
First edition
2003-05
Helical-scan digital video cassette recording
system using 12,65 mm (0,5 in) magnetic tape –
Format HD-D5 –
Part 2:
Compression format
Reference number
Publication numbering
As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the
60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.
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edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the
base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating
amendments 1 and 2.
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INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
62330-2
First edition
2003-05
Helical-scan digital video cassette recording
system using 12,65 mm (0,5 in) magnetic tape –
Format HD-D5 –
Part 2:
Compression format
 IEC 2003  Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: [phone] Telefax: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail]  Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
X
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references. 6
3 Acronyms. 6
4 Video processing . 8
4.1 Overview . 8
4.2 Video signal . 9
4.3 Block formation.11
4.4 SMBG distribution .16
4.5 DCT.19
4.6 Categorization and weighting .20
4.7 CG shuffling.24
4.8 RMB shuffling .27
4.9 Quantization .29
4.10 Rate control .29
4.11 VLC .29
4.12 Packing .33
Annex A (normative) Overlapped block DCT coding for robustness .44
Figure 1 – Block diagram of outline about video processing . 9
Figure 2 – Transmitting samples of 1 080i system.10
Figure 3 – Transmitting samples of 720p system.11
Figure 4 – Overlapped blocking of luminance (Y) pixels .12
Figure 5 – Overlapped blocking of colour difference C /C pixels .13
B R
Figure 6 – Macro block structure in 1 080i system and 720p systems .13
Figure 7 – Super macro block structure in 1 080i system and 720p systems.14
Figure 8 – Pixel arrangement for blocking of 1 080i system .15
Figure 9 – The arrangement of SMBs in one field for 1 080i system .16
Figure 10 – The arrangement of SMBs in one frame for 720p system .16
Figure 11 – SMBG distribution in 1 080i system .17
Figure 12 – SMBG distribution in 720p system .18
Figure 13 – The structure of DCT coefficient block.20
Figure 14 – CG shuffling for Y .25
Figure 15 – CG shuffling for C .26
Figure 16 – RMB shuffling .28
Figure 17 – The order of VLC coding .30
Figure 18 – Structure of C3RMB .34
Figure 19 – Rearrangement of VLC data codewords .36
Figure 20 – Data structure of one 1 080i field/720p frame .37
Figure 21 – Main data DIF block packing .42
Figure 22 – Packing the compressed data in 5 760 DIF Blocks.43
Figure A.1 – The process of missing coefficient reproduction .44

62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 3 –
Table 1 – The construction of video signal sampling . 9
Table 2 – Categorization of Y signal.21
Table 3 – Categorization of C signal .21
B
Table 4 – Categorization of C signal .21
R
Table 5 – Table CY0(t, u) .21
Table 6 – Table CY1(t, u) .22
Table 7 – Table CY2(t, u) .22
Table 8 – Table CY3(t, u) .22
Table 9 – Table CC0(t, u) .23
Table 10 – Table CC1(t, u) .23
Table 11 – Table CC2(t, u) .23
Table 12 – Codewords for variable length coding (1).30
Table 13 – Codewords for variable length coding (2).31

– 4 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HELICAL-SCAN DIGITAL VIDEO CASSETTE RECORDING SYSTEM
USING 12,65 mm (0,5 in) MAGNETIC TAPE – FORMAT HD-D5 –
Part 2: Compression format
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attentions drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62330-2 has been prepared by Technical Area 6: Higher data rate
storage media and equipment of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and multimedia
systems and equipment.
It was submitted to the national committees for voting under the Fast Track Procedure as the
following documents:
CDV Report on voting
100/505/CDV 100/604/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2008. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 5 –
IEC 62330 consists of the following parts, under the general title Helical-scan digital video
cassette recording system using 12,65 mm (0,5 in) magnetic tape – Format HD-D5.
Part 1: VTR specifications
Part 2: Compression format
Part 3: Data stream format
Part 1 describes the VTR specifications which are tape, magnetization, helical recording,
modulation method and basic system data for high definition video compressed data on 29,97
or 59,94 frame rate.
This part 2 describes the specifications for encoding process and data format for 1080i and
720p systems.
Part 3 describes the specifications for transmission of HD-D5 compressed video and audio
data stream over 360 Mb/s serial digital interface.

– 6 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
HELICAL-SCAN DIGITAL VIDEO CASSETTE RECORDING SYSTEM
USING 12,65 mm (0,5 in) MAGNETIC TAPE – FORMAT HD-D5 –
Part 2 – Compression format
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62330 defines the encoding process of the HD-D5 video compression and its
data format for the 1 080/59,94i system (hereinafter referred to as the 1 080i system) and the
720/59,94p system (hereinafter referred to as the 720p system).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ITU-R BT.1543, 1 280 × 720, 16 × 9 progressively-captured image format for production and
international programme exchange in the 60 Hz
ITU-R BT.709, Parameter values for the HDTV standards for production and international
programme exchange
3 Acronyms
BUF Buffer memory
C Colour difference signal
C3RMB Compressed data of 3 RMBs
C(t, u) The value of the DCT coefficient at frequency (t, u)
C /C Colour difference signal
B R
CC0 ~ CC2 Categories for C DCT block
Ccoef( ) C DCT CG
CG Coefficient group
CGNR CG number of one Y/C DCT coefficient block in one RMB
CGNS CG number of one Y/C DCT coefficient block in one SMB
CN C3RMB number in one RMBG
CRcoef( ) Rearranged C DCT CG
CS C DCT block number in one SMB
CY0 ~ CY3 Categories for Y DCT block
DCT Discrete cosine transform
DIF Digital interface
DIF(n) DIF block numbered n
DN DIF block number
EOB “End of block” code
EOM “End of 3 RMBs” code
62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 7 –
exnor Logical exclusive nor
f( ) Offset value table for SMBG distribution
FCB Category flag of C DCT block
B
FCB′ Category flag of C DCT block
B
FCR Category flag of C DCT block
R
FCR′ Category flag of C DCT block
R
FFL Field number flag
FMB Category flag of the MB
FMB′ Category flag of the MB
FYa ~ FYd Category flags of the four DCT blocks (Ya ~ Yd) of the MB
FYa′ ~ FYd′ Category flags of the four DCT blocks (Ya ~ Yd) of the MB
H The horizontal SMB position number in one video field (1 080i system) or one
video frame (720p system)
HR The column position number of RMB
HS The column position number of SMB in one SMBG
IDCT Inverse discrete cosine transform
int (A) Integer part of A
LEN The byte length of C3RMB
MB Macro block
mod Modulus operator
N.A. Not applicable
Offset( ) Offset value for RMB shuffling
P(r, s) The value of the pixel at the position (r, s) in Y/C DCT block
Qno Quantization number
Qstep Quantization step value
r The horizontal pixel position number in Y/C DCT block
Rg The RMBG number within the RMBs
RMB Rearranged macro block
RMBG Rearranged macro block group
Rn The number of RMB coding order in each RMBG
s The vertical pixel position number in Y/C DCT block
SA The starting address of the remainder data in buffer memory
SABM One byte data of SA (two bytes)
Sg The SMBG number in one video field (1 080i system) or one video frame (720p
system)
SMB Super macro block
SMBG Super macro block group
t The horizontal frequency number in Y/C DCT coefficient block
TableCY0 ~ 3 Set up value tables for Y weighting function
TableCC0 ~ 2 Set up value tables for C weighting function
u The vertical frequency number in Y/C DCT coefficient block
V The vertical position number of SMB in one video field (1 080i system) or one
video frame (720p system)
VLC Variable length coding
– 8 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
VR The row position number of RMB
VS The row position number of SMB in one SMBG
W(t, u) Weighting value at frequency (t, u)
Y Luminance signal
Ya ~ Yd Four Y DCT blocks in one MB
Ycoef( ) Y DCT CG
YR The Y DCT coefficient block number in one RMB
YRcoef( ) Rearranged Y DCT CG
YS The Y DCT block number in one SMB
Z The row position number of the RMB after RMB shuffling
ZRL Code of 15 successive zero coefficients followed by a coefficient of zero
amplitude
4 Video processing
4.1 Overview
Luminance (Y) and colour difference components (C and C ) from 1 080i or 720p video signal
B R
are sampled by 74,25/1,001 MHz and 37,125/1,001 MHz respectively.
After discarding samples in vertical and horizontal blanking periods, active video samples are
divided into four super macro block groups (SMBG) per field (1 080i) or per frame (720p). Each
SMBG consists of 1 080 super macro blocks (SMB).
Each SMB consists of two MBs. Each MB consists of four luminance DCT blocks (8 × 4 pixel
matrix) and one each of C DCT block (8 × 8 pixel matrix) and C DCT block (8 × 8 pixel
B R
matrix).
As described later, two horizontally adjacent luminance DCT blocks are overlapped by one
pixel column at their junction. Two horizontally adjacent chrominance DCT blocks are
overlapped by one pixel column at their junction when they are formed into SMB.
Each DCT block is transformed to represent DC and AC coefficients. Coefficients are weighted
through the prearranged categories prior to shuffling, then formed into rearranged MBs (RMB).
DCT coefficients within one rearranged MB group (RMBG) are quantized, and made into a
fixed length data set through VLC.
The VLC output code words from one RMBG are formed into 360 DIF blocks.
The compressed video data for one 1 080i field or one 720p frame consists of 5 760 DIF
blocks.
The block diagram of the outline about video processing is shown in Figure 1.

62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 9 –
Base band
Video Signal
DIF blocks
SMBG RMB
CG
Blocking DCT Weighting Quantization VLC Packing
shuffling
distribution shuffling
1 080i
720p
Rate
Categorization
control
Figure 1 – Block diagram of outline about video processing
4.2 Video signal
4.2.1 Sampling process
The sampling structure is defined in ITU-R BT.709 and ITU-R BT.1543. Sampling structures of
the luminance (Y) and the two colour difference signals (C /C ) are described in Table 1.
B R
4.2.1.1 Line structure in one field (1 080i system) or frame (720p system)
For the 1 080i system, 540 lines for Y, C and C signals from each field shall be transmitted.
B R
For the 720p system, 720 lines for Y, C and C signals from each frame shall be transmitted.
R B
The transmitting lines on a television frame are defined in Table 1.
Table 1 – The construction of video signal sampling
1 080i system 720p system
Y 74,25 MHz / 1,001
Sampling frequency
C /C 37,125 MHz / 1,001
B R
Y 2 200 1 650
Total number of pixels
per line
C /C 1 100 825
B R
Y 1 920 1 280
The number of active
pixels per line
C /C 960 640
B R
Total number of lines per frame 1 125 750
The number of active lines per frame 1 080 720
Field 1 21 to 560
The active line numbers Frame 26 to 745
Field 2 584 to 1 123
Quantization Each sample is linearly quantized to 10 bits for Y, C and C
B R
Scale 4 to 1 019
Quantized level: 877
The relation between Y Video signal level of white: 940
video signal level and
Video signal level of black: 64
quantized level
Quantized level: 897
C /C
B R
Video signal level of gray: 512

– 10 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
4.2.1.2 Pixel structure in one field (1 080i) / in one frame (720p)
– 1 080i system
All sampled pixels, 1 920 luminance pixels per line and 960 colour difference pixels, are
retained for processing as shown in Figure 2. The sampling process starts simultaneously
for both luminance and colour difference signals.
– 720p system
All sampled pixels, 1 280 pixels per line and 640 colour difference pixels, are retained for
processing as shown in Figure 3. Sampling processes start simultaneously for both
luminance and colour difference signals.
1,001 / 74,25MHz
0    1    2   3    4    5    6    7   8    - - - - -  [Y pixel numbers in active area]
0        1        2        3        4    - - - - -  [C /C pixel numbers in active area]
B R
[the active line numbers]
First active line in field 1 line 21
First active line in field 2 line 584
line 22
line 585
line 23
line 586
:
:
:
First pixel in active period where : Transmitting luminance (Y) pixels
: Transmitting colour difference (C /C ) pixels
B R
Figure 2 – Transmitting samples of 1 080i system

62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 11 –
1,001 / 74,25MHz
0    1    2   3    4    5    6    7   8    - - - - -  [Y pixel numbers in active area]
0        1        2        3        4    - - - - -  [C /C pixel numbers in active area]
B R
[the active line numbers]
First active line in a frame line 26
line 27
line 28
line 29
line 30
:
:
:
First pixel in active period : Transmitting luminance (Y) pixels
where
: Transmitting colour difference (C /C ) pixels
B R
Figure 3 – Transmitting samples of 720p system
4.3 Block formation
4.3.1 DCT block, macro block (MB) and super macro block (SMB)
4.3.1.1 DCT block
The Y pixels in a field (1 080i system) and in a frame (720p system) shall be divided into
rectangular areas of 15 horizontal pixels and 4 lines. Two Y DCT blocks (one Y DCT block pair)
are made from each one of the rectangular areas as shown in Figure 4. In each Y DCT block
pair, the rightmost pixel in the left DCT block is overlapped with the leftmost pixel in the right
DCT block (overlapped blocking).
The C /C pixels in a field (1 080i) and in a frame (720p) shall be divided into rectangular
B R
areas of 15 horizontal pixels and 8 lines. Two C DCT blocks (one C DCT block pair) are made
from each one of the rectangular areas as shown in Figure 5. In each C DCT block pair, the
rightmost pixel in the left block is overlapped with the leftmost pixel in the right block
(overlapped blocking). Overlapped blocking is used for the robustness of error (see Annex A).
Let r be the horizontal pixel position number in Y/C DCT block
r = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let s be the vertical pixel position number in Y/C DCT block
For Y block s = 0, 1, 2, 3
For C block s = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let P(r, s) be the value of the pixel at the position (r, s)
4.3.1.2 Macro block (MB)
Each macro block (MB) in the 1 080i system and the 720p system consists of two Y DCT block
pairs, one C DCT block and one C DCT block. Two Y DCT block pairs are vertically
B R
adjacent. C DCT block and C DCT block spatially correspond to the two Y DCT block pairs.
B R
Four Y DCT blocks (Ya, Yb, Yc, Yd), one C DCT block and one C DCT block are shown in
B R
Figure 6.
– 12 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
4.3.1.3 Super macro block (SMB)
As shown in Figure 7, each super macro block (SMB) in the 1 080i system and the 720p
system consists of two macro blocks which are horizontally adjacent. Two C DCT blocks of
C /C in one super macro block are one C DCT block pair of C /C .
B R B R
Let YS be the Y DCT block number in each SMB as shown in Figure 7.
YS = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let CS be the C DCT block number in each SMB as shown in Figure 7.
CS = 0, 1.
Overlap
Left Right
Top
Bottom
r r
0  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0  1 2 3 4 5 6 7
s
s
3 3
Left DCT block Right DCT block
Y DCT block pair
where   represents luminance (Y) pixels
Figure 4 – Overlapped blocking of luminance (Y) pixels

62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 13 –
Overlap
Left Right
Top
Bottom
r r
0   1   2 3   4 5  6   7 0   1   2 3   4 5  6   7
1 1
s s
4 4
6 6
Left DCT block Right DCT block
C DCT block pair
represents colour difference (CB/CR) pixels
where     representscolour difference (C /C ) pixels
B R
Figure 5 – Overlapped blocking of colour difference C /C pixels
B R
15 pixels (Y)
8 pixels (Y)
8 pixels (Y)
Ya Yc
pixels
pixels
Yb Yd
pixels
(C /C )
C
B R
B
C
R
8 pixels (C /C )
B R
Figure 6 – Macro block structure in 1 080i system and 720p systems

– 14 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
30 pixels (Y)
15 pixels (Y)
8 pixels (Y)
8 pixels (Y)
Y
C
B
YS=0 YS=4 YS=6 YS=2
pixels
C
R
pixels
YS=1 YS=5 YS=7 YS=3
pixels
CS=0 CS=1
CS=0 CS=1
8 pixels
8 pixels
15 pixels
Figure 7 – Super macro block structure in 1 080i system and 720p systems
4.3.2 Super macro block arrangement
4.3.2.1 1 080i system
The vertical field dimension, 540 pixel long, is not divisible into an integer by the vertical
dimension of the SMB, 8 pixels long.
In order to place all SMBs within the 1 920 × 540 pixel matrix of the 1 080i field, removal and
attachments of half height SMBs are required as shown in Figure 8.
1) Y pixels
– Pixels in four rectangular areas of the horizontal pixel position number from (480 x N)
to (59 + 480 x N) and from (360 + 480 × N) to (419 + 480 × N) in the active area and
line position number from 536 to 539 in the active area shall be moved horizontally
1 020 pixel positions to the right, vertically 4 lines to the bottom (N = 0, 1).
– Pixels in two rectangular areas of the horizontal pixel position number from (240 + 480 x
N) to (359 + 480 × N) in the active area and line position number from 536 to 539 in the
active area shall be moved horizontally 840 pixel positions to the right, vertically 4 lines
to the bottom (N = 0, 1).
– Pixels in four rectangular areas of the horizontal pixel position number from (960 + 480
x N) to (1 019 + 480 × N) and from (1 320 + 480 × N) to (1 379 + 480 × N) in the active
area and line position number from 536 to 539 in the active area shall be moved
horizontally 900 pixel positions to the left, vertically 4 lines to the bottom (N = 0, 1).
– Pixels in two rectangular areas of the horizontal pixel position number from (1 200 + 480
× N) to (1 319 + 480 × N) in the active area and line position number from 536 to 539 in
the active area shall be moved horizontally 1 080 pixel positions to the left, vertically
4 lines to the bottom (N = 0, 1).
2) C /C pixels
B R
C /C pixels occupy the positions held by the even numbered Y horizontal pixel numbers.
B R
The half height SMB replacement operation, identical to the Y pixels as described above, is
performed for C /C pixels.
B R
62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 15 –
The arrangement of the SMBs in one field is shown in Figure 9. The same horizontal
arrangement of 64 SMBs is repeated with 67 SMBs in the vertical direction from top, and there
are 32 SMBs in the horizontal direction at the bottom. The number of SMBs in one field is
4 320 as described below:
(vertical 67 SMBs × horizontal 64 SMBs) + 32 SMBs = 4 320 SMBs
Line position
line position
number in
number in
activ active areae area
:
Y : 1 920 pixels
:
:
0   120  240  360   480   600  720   840   960  1 080 1 200    1 380 1 500   1 680 1 800  1 919
60             420   540              900  1 020         1 320 1 440 1 560         1 860
[pixel position number in active area (Y)]
64 SMBs
67 SMBs
1 SMB
2    6      6    2  2    6       6    2  2    6      6    2  2    6      6    2 [SMB]
Figure 8 – Pixel arrangement for blocking of 1 080i system

– 16 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
H
64 SMBs
0 63
1 SMB
V
SMB
Figure 9 – The arrangement of SMBs in one field for 1 080i system
4.3.2.2 720p system
As the first step of block formation, 160 dummy of Y pixels and 80 dummy of C /C pixels are
B R
added as rightmost pixels in each line. The value of dummy shall be “040h” for Y and “200h”
for C.
The arrangement of SMBs in one frame for the 720p system is shown in Figure 10. The same
horizontal arrangement of 48 SMBs is repeated with 90 SMBs in the vertical direction from top
to bottom. The number of SMBs in one frame is 4 320 as described below:
vertical 90 SMBs × horizontal 48 SMBs = 4 320 SMBs
H
48 SMBs
1SMB
V
SMBs
Dummy
Figure 10 – The arrangement of SMBs in one frame for 720p system
4.4 SMBG distribution
4.4.1 1 080i system
4 320 SMBs in one field are divided into four SMBGs as shown in Figure 11.
Let H be the horizontal position number of SMB within the video field
H = 0, 1, 2, ., 63.
Let V be the vertical position number of SMB within the video field
V = 0, 1, 2, ., 67.
Let HS be the column position number of SMB within one SMBG
HS = 0, 1, 2, ., 5.
62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 17 –
Let VS be the row position number of SMB within one SMBG
VS = 0, 1, 2, ., 179.
Let Sg be the SMBG number in one field
Sg = 0, 1, 2, 3.
The distribution method is described as follows:
V = ( int ( VS / 8 ) ) × 3 + int ( ( ( VS mod 8 ) × 6 + HS) / 16 )
H = ( ( f( h, v ) + ( ( int ( VS / 8 ) ) – Sg ) x 8 ) mod 32 ) × 2 + ( ( int ( VS / 8 ) ) mod 2 ) × nor ( HS mod 2 )
where v = int ( ( ( VS mod 8 ) × 6 + HS ) / 16 )
h = int ( ( ( ( VS mod 8 ) × 6 + HS ) mod 16 ) / 2 )
xnor: exclusive nor
Value of f( h, v )
h
012 34567
v
0 1 2 0 19 20 21 15 14
1 15 10 9 1130292824
2 24 25 5 7 6 20 19 18
H
64 SMBs
1 field
1 SMB
V
SMB
HS
6 SMBs
1 SMBG
VS
SMBs
Sg = 0 Sg = 1 Sg = 2 Sg = 3
Figure 11 – SMBG distribution in 1 080i system

– 18 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
4.4.2 720p system
4 320 SMBs in one frame are divided into four SMBs as shown in Figure 12.
Let H be the horizontal position number of SMB within video frame
H = 0, 1, 2, ., 47.
Let V be the vertical position number of SMB within video frame
V = 0, 1, 2, ., 89.
Let HS be the column position number of SMB within one SMBG
HS = 0, 1, 2, ., 5.
Let VS be the row position number of SMB within one SMBG
VS = 0, 1, 2, ., 179.
Let Sg be the SMBG number in one frame
Sg = 0, 1, 2, 3.
The distribution method is described as follows:
V = int ( VS / 2 )
H = ( VS mod 2 ) × 24 + ( ( Sg + f ( ( int ( VS / 2 ) ) mod 4 ) ) mod 4 ) × 6 + ( ( HS – int ( VS / 2 ) ) mod 6 )
where f (0) = 0, f (1) = 1, f (2) = 3, f (3) = 2
H
48 SMBs
1 frame
1 SMB
V
SMBs
HS
6 SMBs
1 SMBG
VS
SMBs
Sg = 1 Sg = 2 Sg = 3
Sg = 0
Figure 12 – SMBG distribution in 720p system

62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 19 –
4.5 DCT
The maximum excursion of all pixel value is changed to fall between −511 and +511 by the
subtraction of 512 from the original sampled value. 8 × 4 pixels P(r, s) of each Y DCT block
and 8 × 8 pixels P(r, s) of each C /C DCT block are transformed into 8 × 4 Y DCT coefficients
B R
and 8 × 8 C DCT coefficients respectively.
Let t be the horizontal frequency number in Y/C DCT coefficient block as shown in Figure 13.
t = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let u be the vertical frequency number in Y/C DCT coefficient block
For Y DCT coefficient block u = 0, 1, 2, 3
For C DCT coefficient block u = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let C( t, u ) be the value of the DCT coefficient at frequency ( t, u ).
The coefficient of t = 0 and u = 0 is called as DC coefficient. Other coefficients are called as
AC coefficients.
4.5.1 DCT/IDCT for Y
DCT/IDCT for the Y signal are defined as shown below:
DCT:
3 7
C( t, u ) = 2 × C1(t) × C2(u)  ( P ( r, s ) × cos( πu( 2s + 1 ) /8 ) × cos( πt( 2r + 1 ) /16 ) )
Σ Σ
s=0 r =0
IDCT:
3 7
P( r, s ) = (1 / 2 )  ( C1(t) × C2(u) × C( t, u ) × cos( πu( 2s + 1 ) /8 ) × cos( πt( 2r + 1 ) /16 ) )
Σ Σ
u=0 t=0
where C1(t) = 1 / 2 2 for t = 0
C1(t) = 1 / 2 for t = 1 to 7
C2(u) = 1 / 2 for u = 0
C2(u) = 1 / 2 for u = 1 to 3
The structure of the Y DCT coefficient block is shown in Figure 13 a). DCT coefficients C(t, u)
of the Y DCT coefficient block are divided into 6 DCT coefficient groups (CGs).
Let CGNS be the CG number as shown in Figure 13 a)
CGNS = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
4.5.2 DCT/IDCT for C
DCT/IDCT for C (C /C ) signal are defined as shown below:
B R
DCT:
7 7
C( t, u ) = C3(t) × C4(u)  ( P( r, s ) × cos( πu( 2s + 1 ) /16 ) × cos( πt( 2r + 1 ) /16 ) )
Σ Σ
s=0 r =0
– 20 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
IDCT:
7 7
P( r, s ) =  ( C3(t) × C4(u) × C( t, u ) × cos( πu( 2s + 1 ) /16 ) × cos( πt( 2r + 1 ) /16 ) )
Σ Σ
u=0 t=0
where C3(t) = 1 / 2 2 for t = 0
C3(t) = 1 / 2 for t = 1 to 7
C4(u) = 1 / 2 2 for u = 0
C4(u) = 1 / 2 for u = 1 to 7
The structure of the C DCT coefficient block is shown in Figure 13 b). DCT coefficients C(t, u)
of the C DCT coefficient block are divided into 6 DCT coefficient groups (CGs).
Let CGNS be the CG number as shown in Figure 13 b)
CGNS = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
t t
0   1    2    3   4    5    6    7 0   1    2    3   4    5    6    7
DC DC
0 0
u u
1 1
2 2
3 3
CGNS = 0   1    2    3   4        5
CGNS = 0   1    2    3   4        5
a) Y DCT coefficient block b) C DCT coefficient block
Figure 13 – The structure of DCT coefficient block
4.6 Categorization and weighting
Each MB is categorized into one of the categories and weighting is performed by multiplying all
AC coefficients of the subject MB by a weighting function W(t, u) selected by the category. The
DC coefficient is not weighted.
There are four categories (CY0, CY1, CY2, CY3) for the Y DCT block, and three categories
(CC0, CC1, CC2) for the C /C DCT block. Each category has its own weighting function. The
B R
weighting functions are selectively used to optimize the data compression process by
categorization.
4.6.1 Categorization
MB categorization is identified by category flags of FMB, FYa, FYb, FYc, FYd, FCB and FCR.
FYa, FYb, FYc, and FYd correspond to the Y DCT blocks of Ya, Yb, Yc, Yd in Figure 6
respectively. If the value of the quantized DC coefficient (–255, ., 0, ., 255, decimal) of C
B
DCT block is less than 24, then FCB is set to 0, else FCB is set to 1. If the value of quantized
DC coefficient (–255, ., 0, ., 255) of the C DCT block is less than 44, then FCR is set to 0,
R
else FCR is set to 1.
62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 21 –
Categories of CY0, CY1, CY2, and CY3 for the Y signal and categories of CC0, CC1, and CC2
for C signal are expressed by the flags as shown in Tables 2 to 4.
Table 2 – Categorization of Y signal
Flag
Category
FYa, FYb,
FMB FCB FCR
FYc, FYd
1 --- CY0
01 - - CY1
00 1 - CY2
00 - 1 CY2
0 000 CY3
where -: arbitrary
Table 3 – Categorization of C signal
B
Flag
Category
FMB FCB
1 - CC0
0 1 CC1
0 0 CC2
where -: arbitrary
Table 4 – Categorization of C signal
R
Flag
Category
FMB FCR
1 - CC0
0 1 CC1
0 0 CC2
where -: arbitrary
4.6.2 Weighting
Weighting function W( t, u ) in each category is defined below:
4.6.2.1 For Y signal
Category CY0
W( t, u ) = TableCY0( t, u ) × cos( 0,045πt ) × cos( 0,060πu ) / 2
Table 5 – Table CY0(t, u)
t
01 234 5 6 7
u
0 - 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125
1 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5
2 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
3 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
where -: N.A.
– 22 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
Category CY1
W( t, u ) = TableCY1( t, u ) × cos( 0,045πt ) × cos( 0,0585πu ) / 2
Table 6 – Table CY1(t, u)
t
u
0 -0,5 0,5
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1 0,5 0,5 0,5
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
2 0,5 0,5
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
where -: N.A.
Category CY2
W( t, u ) = TableCY2( t, u ) × cos( 0,045πt ) × cos( 0,0585πu ) / 2
Table 7 – Table CY2(t, u)
t
01 234567
u
0 - 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
1 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
2 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
3 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
where -: N.A.
Category CY3
W( t, u ) = TableCY3( t, u ) × cos( 0,045πt ) × cos( 0,0585πu ) / 2
Table 8 – Table CY3(t, u)
t
01 234567
u
0 - 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
2 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
3 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
where -: N.A.
62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 23 –
4.6.2.2 For C /C signal
B R
Category CC0
W( t, u ) = TableCC0( t, u ) × cos( 0,065πt ) × cos( 0,065πu )
Table 9 – Table CC0(t, u)
t
0 1 234 567
u
0 - 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125
1 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5
2 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5
0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
4 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
5 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
6 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
7 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
where -: N.A.
Category CC1
W( t, u ) = TableCC1( t, u ) × cos( 0,065πt ) × cos( 0,065πu )
Table 10 – Table CC1(t, u)
t
01 2 3 4 5 6 7
u
1/
0 -1 1
1/2 1/2 1/2 1/ 2
1 11
1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/ 2
2 1
1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/ 2
where -: N.A.
– Category CC2
W( t, u ) = TableCC2( t, u ) x cos( 0,065πt ) x cos( 0,065πu )
Table 11 – Table CC2(t, u)
t
01 2 3 4 5 6 7
u
0 - 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
2 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
3 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
4 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
6 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
7 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
where -: N.A.
– 24 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
4.7 CG shuffling
In order to improve data robustness against error, weighted DCT CGs are shuffled within the
same CGNSs of the 6 SMBs to 12 RMBs as shown in Figures 14 and 15. Each RMB comprises
4 Y shuffled DCT coefficient blocks, one shuffled C DCT coefficient block and one shuffled C
B R
DCT coefficient block.
Let Ycoef (HS, VS, YS, CGNS) be the DCT CG which is referred by CGNS, YS, VS, and HS.
Let HR be the column position number of RMB
HR = 0, 1, 2, ., 11.
Let VR be the row position number of RMB
VR = 0, 1, 2, ., 179.
Let YR be the Y DCT coefficient block number within one RMB
YR = 0, 1, 2, 3.
Let CGNR be the DCT CG number of one Y DCT coefficient block or one C /C DCT
B R
coefficient block within one RMB
CGNR = 0, 1, 2, ., 5.
Let YRcoef( HR, VR, YR, CGNR ) be the DCT CG which is referred by CGNR, YR, VR, and HR.
The shuffling method of Y DCT CGs is described in the following equations.
For HR = 0 to 5
YRcoef( HR, VR, YR, CGNR ) = Ycoef( ( CGNR – HR – int ( VR / 32 ) ) mod 6, VR,
YR + 4 × int ( ( ( CGNR – HR ) mod 6 ) / 3 ), CGNR )
For HR = 6 to 11
YRcoef( HR, VR, YR, CGNR ) = Ycoef( ( 1 – ( CGNR + HR + int ( VR / 32 ) ) ) mod 6, VR,
YR + 4 × int ( ( ( 4 – ( CGNR + HR ) ) mod 6 ) / 3 ), CGNR )
Let Ccoef( HS, VS, CS, CGNS ) be the DCT CG which is referred by CGNS, CS, VS, and HS.
Let CRcoef( HR, VR, CGNR ) be the DCT CG which is referred by CGNR, VR, and HR.
The shuffling method of C /C DCT CGs is described in the following equations.
B R
For HR = 0 to 5
CRcoef( HR, VR, CGNR ) = Ccoef( ( CGNR – HR− int ( VR / 32 ) ) mod 6, VR,
int ( ( ( CGNR – HR ) mod 6 ) / 3 ), CGNR )
For HR = 6 to 11
CRcoef( HR, VR, CGNR ) = Ccoef( ( 1 – ( CGNR + HR + int ( VR / 32 ) ) ) mod 6, VR,
int ( ( 4 – ( CGNR + HR ) mod 6 ) / 3 ), CGNR )

62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 25 –
1 SMB (8 Y DCT blocks)
YS = 0 YS = 4 YS = 6 YS = 2
YS = 1 YS = 5 YS = 7 YS = 3
DCT
DCT
HS
HR
0     1      2      3      4      5
0  1  2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11
0 0
VS VR
1 1
2 2
Shuffling
RMBs
: :
: :
: :
SMBs
: :
: :
: :
1 SMBG
179 179
6 SMBs 12 RMBs
1 SMB (8 Y DCT coefficient blocks) 1 RMB (4 Y DCT coefficient blocks)
YS = 0 YS = 4 YR = 0
YS = 1 YS = 5 YR = 1
YS = 2 YS = 6 YR = 2
YS = 3 YS = 7 YR = 3
1 Y DCT coefficient block
1 Y DCT coefficient block
CGNS CGNR
5 5
0  1  2  3  4 0  1  2  3  4
DC DC
4 4
coef. coef.
8 coef. 8 coef.
Figure 14 – CG shuffling for Y

– 26 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
1 SMB (2 C DCT blocks)
CS = 0   CS = 1
DCT
DCT
HS
HR
0     1      2      3      4      5
0  1  2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11
0 0
2 2
VR
VS
: :
Shuffling
RMBs
: :
: :
: :
: :
SMBs
: :
: :
1 SMBG
179 179
6 SMBs 12 RMBs
1 SMB (2 C DCT coefficient blocks) 1 RMB (1 C DCT coefficient block)
CS = 0 CS = 1
1 C DCT coefficient block
1 C DCT coefficient block
CGNS CGNR 5
0   1  2   3   4 0   1  2   3   4
DC DC
8 8
coef. coef.
8 coef. 8 coef.
Figure 15 – CG shuffling for C

62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 27 –
4.8 RMB shuffling
In order to improve data robustness against error, RMBs are shuffled within the column of 180
RMBs as shown in Figure 16.
Let Z be the row position number of the RMB after RMB shuffling.
Z = 0, 1, 2, ., 179.
The method of RMB shuffling is described in the following equation:
Z = ( 17 × ( VR – Offset( HR ) ) ) mod 180
where value of Offset( HR )
HR Offset( HR )
1 165
2 150
3 135
4 120
5 105
10 30
11 15
Then, the RMBs corresponding to one SMBG are divided into 4 RMB Groups (RMBGs). There
are 540 RMBs in each RMBG.
Let Rg be the RMBG number within the RMBs as shown in Figure 16
Rg = 0, 1, 2, 3.
Let Rn be the number of RMB coding order in each RMBG
Rn = 0, 1, 2, ., 539.
The dividing method is described in the equation:
Rg = HR mod 4
Rn = Z + 180 × int ( HR / 4 )
– 28 – 62330-2  IEC:2003(E)
HR
0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11
VR
1 RMB
:
:
RMBs
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
12 RMBs
Shuffling
HR = 0   4   8 HR = 1   5   9 HR = 2   6  10 HR = 3   7  11
0 180 360 0 180 360 0 180 360 0 180 360
1 181 361 1 181 361 1 181 361 1 181 361
Z 2 182 362 2 182 362 2 182 362 2 182 362
3 183 363 3 183 363 3 183 363 3 183 363
4 184 364 4 184 364 4 184 364 4 184 364
RMBs
: : : : : : : : : : : :
: : : : : : : : : : : :
1RMBG
Rg = 0 Rg = 1 Rg = 2 Rg = 3
: : :
: : : : : : : : :
179 359 539
179 359 539 179 359 539 179 359 539
Rn
Figure 16 – RMB shuffling
62330-2  IEC:2003(E) – 29 –
4.9 Quantization
AC coefficient quantization step values (Qstep) are related to the quantization number (Qno)
through a relationship as shown below:
( Qno × 6 / 127 + 1 )
Qstep = 2
where Qno = 0, 1, 2, ., 127
Weighted AC coefficients are divided by Q step to be rounded into a signed value of 12 bits.
The Q step for the DC coefficient is always 16. The DC coefficient is rounded into a signed
integer value of 9 bits by qu
...

IEC 62330-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2003-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Helical-scan digital video cassette recording system using 12,65 mm (0,5 in)
magnetic tape – Format HD-D5 –
Part 2: Compression format
Système de magnétoscope numérique à cassette à balayage hélicoïdal sur
bande magnétique de 12,65 mm (0,5 in) – Format HD-D5 –
Partie 2: Format de compression

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IEC 62330-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2003-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Helical-scan digital video cassette recording system using 12,65 mm (0,5 in)

magnetic tape – Format HD-D5 –

Part 2: Compression format
Système de magnétoscope numérique à cassette à balayage hélicoïdal sur

bande magnétique de 12,65 mm (0,5 in) – Format HD-D5 –

Partie 2: Format de compression

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX X
ICS 33.160.40; 35.240.99 ISBN 978-2-83220-461-0

– 2 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references. 6
3 Acronyms . 6
4 Video processing . 8
4.1 Overview . 8
4.2 Video signal . 9
4.3 Block formation . 11
4.4 SMBG distribution . 16
4.5 DCT . 19
4.6 Categorization and weighting . 20
4.7 CG shuffling . 24
4.8 RMB shuffling . 27
4.9 Quantization . 29
4.10 Rate control . 29
4.11 VLC . 29
4.12 Packing . 33

Annex A (normative) Overlapped block DCT coding for robustness . 44

Figure 1 – Block diagram of outline about video processing . 9
Figure 2 – Transmitting samples of 1 080i system . 10
Figure 3 – Transmitting samples of 720p system . 11
Figure 4 – Overlapped blocking of luminance (Y) pixels . 12
Figure 5 – Overlapped blocking of colour difference C /C pixels . 13
B R
Figure 6 – Macro block structure in 1 080i system and 720p systems . 13
Figure 7 – Super macro block structure in 1 080i system and 720p systems. 14
Figure 8 – Pixel arrangement for blocking of 1 080i system . 15
Figure 9 – The arrangement of SMBs in one field for 1 080i system . 16
Figure 10 – The arrangement of SMBs in one frame for 720p system . 16
Figure 11 – SMBG distribution in 1 080i system . 17
Figure 12 – SMBG distribution in 720p system . 18
Figure 13 – The structure of DCT coefficient block . 20
Figure 14 – CG shuffling for Y . 25
Figure 15 – CG shuffling for C . 26
Figure 16 – RMB shuffling . 28
Figure 17 – The order of VLC coding . 30
Figure 18 – Structure of C3RMB . 34
Figure 19 – Rearrangement of VLC data codewords . 36
Figure 20 – Data structure of one 1 080i field/720p frame . 37
Figure 21 – Main data DIF block packing . 42
Figure 22 – Packing the compressed data in 5 760 DIF Blocks . 43
Figure A.1 – The process of missing coefficient reproduction . 44

62330-2  IEC:2003 – 3 –
Table 1 – The construction of video signal sampling . 9
Table 2 – Categorization of Y signal . 21
Table 3 – Categorization of C signal . 21
B
Table 4 – Categorization of C signal . 21
R
Table 5 – Table CY0(t, u) . 21
Table 6 – Table CY1(t, u) . 22
Table 7 – Table CY2(t, u) . 22
Table 8 – Table CY3(t, u) . 22
Table 9 – Table CC0(t, u) . 23
Table 10 – Table CC1(t, u) . 23
Table 11 – Table CC2(t, u) . 23
Table 12 – Codewords for variable length coding (1) . 30
Table 13 – Codewords for variable length coding (2) . 31

– 4 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HELICAL-SCAN DIGITAL VIDEO CASSETTE RECORDING SYSTEM
USING 12,65 mm (0,5 in) MAGNETIC TAPE – FORMAT HD-D5 –

Part 2: Compression format
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all
national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical
committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory
work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this
preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in
accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form of
standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees
in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence
between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the
latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attentions drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62330-2 has been prepared by Technical Area 6: Higher data rate
storage media and equipment of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and multimedia
systems and equipment.
This bilingual version (2012-11) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in
2003-05.
It was submitted to the national committees for voting under the Fast Track Procedure as the
following documents:
CDV Report on voting
100/505/CDV 100/604/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting
indicated in the above table.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

62330-2  IEC:2003 – 5 –
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until 2008.
At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IEC 62330 consists of the following parts, under the general title Helical-scan digital video
cassette recording system using 12,65 mm (0,5 in) magnetic tape – Format HD-D5.
Part 1: VTR specifications
Part 2: Compression format
Part 3: Data stream format
Part 1 describes the VTR specifications which are tape, magnetization, helical recording,
modulation method and basic system data for high definition video compressed data on 29,97 or
59,94 frame rate.
This part 2 describes the specifications for encoding process and data format for 1080i and 720p
systems.
Part 3 describes the specifications for transmission of HD-D5 compressed video and audio data
stream over 360 Mb/s serial digital interface.

– 6 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
HELICAL-SCAN DIGITAL VIDEO CASSETTE RECORDING SYSTEM
USING 12,65 mm (0,5 in) MAGNETIC TAPE – FORMAT HD-D5 –

Part 2 – Compression format
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62330 defines the encoding process of the HD-D5 video compression and its
data format for the 1 080/59,94i system (hereinafter referred to as the 1 080i system) and the
720/59,94p system (hereinafter referred to as the 720p system).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ITU-R BT.1543, 1 280 × 720, 16 × 9 progressively-captured image format for production and
international programme exchange in the 60 Hz
ITU-R BT.709, Parameter values for the HDTV standards for production and international
programme exchange
3 Acronyms
BUF Buffer memory
C Colour difference signal
C3RMB Compressed data of 3 RMBs
C(t, u) The value of the DCT coefficient at frequency (t, u)
C /C Colour difference signal
B R
CC0 ~ CC2 Categories for C DCT block
Ccoef( ) C DCT CG
CG Coefficient group
CGNR CG number of one Y/C DCT coefficient block in one RMB
CGNS CG number of one Y/C DCT coefficient block in one SMB
CN C3RMB number in one RMBG
CRcoef( ) Rearranged C DCT CG
CS C DCT block number in one SMB
CY0 ~ CY3 Categories for Y DCT block
DCT Discrete cosine transform
DIF Digital interface
DIF(n) DIF block numbered n
DN DIF block number
EOB “End of block” code
EOM “End of 3 RMBs” code
62330-2  IEC:2003 – 7 –
exnor Logical exclusive nor
f( ) Offset value table for SMBG distribution
FCB Category flag of C DCT block
B
FCB′ Category flag of C DCT block
B
FCR Category flag of C DCT block
R
FCR′ Category flag of C DCT block
R
FFL Field number flag
FMB Category flag of the MB
FMB′ Category flag of the MB
FYa ~ FYd Category flags of the four DCT blocks (Ya ~ Yd) of the MB
FYa′ ~ FYd′ Category flags of the four DCT blocks (Ya ~ Yd) of the MB
H The horizontal SMB position number in one video field (1 080i system) or one
video frame (720p system)
HR The column position number of RMB
HS The column position number of SMB in one SMBG
IDCT Inverse discrete cosine transform
int (A) Integer part of A
LEN The byte length of C3RMB
MB Macro block
mod Modulus operator
N.A. Not applicable
Offset( ) Offset value for RMB shuffling
P(r, s) The value of the pixel at the position (r, s) in Y/C DCT block
Qno Quantization number
Qstep Quantization step value
r The horizontal pixel position number in Y/C DCT block
Rg The RMBG number within the RMBs
RMB Rearranged macro block
RMBG Rearranged macro block group
Rn The number of RMB coding order in each RMBG
s The vertical pixel position number in Y/C DCT block
SA The starting address of the remainder data in buffer memory
SABM One byte data of SA (two bytes)
Sg The SMBG number in one video field (1 080i system) or one video frame (720p
system)
SMB Super macro block
SMBG Super macro block group
t The horizontal frequency number in Y/C DCT coefficient block
TableCY0 ~ 3 Set up value tables for Y weighting function
TableCC0 ~ 2 Set up value tables for C weighting function
u The vertical frequency number in Y/C DCT coefficient block
V The vertical position number of SMB in one video field (1 080i system) or one
video frame (720p system)
VLC Variable length coding
– 8 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
VR The row position number of RMB
VS The row position number of SMB in one SMBG
W(t, u) Weighting value at frequency (t, u)
Y Luminance signal
Ya ~ Yd Four Y DCT blocks in one MB
Ycoef( ) Y DCT CG
YR The Y DCT coefficient block number in one RMB
YRcoef( ) Rearranged Y DCT CG
YS The Y DCT block number in one SMB
Z The row position number of the RMB after RMB shuffling
ZRL Code of 15 successive zero coefficients followed by a coefficient of zero amplitude
4 Video processing
4.1 Overview
Luminance (Y) and colour difference components (C and C ) from 1 080i or 720p video signal
B R
are sampled by 74,25/1,001 MHz and 37,125/1,001 MHz respectively.
After discarding samples in vertical and horizontal blanking periods, active video samples are
divided into four super macro block groups (SMBG) per field (1 080i) or per frame (720p). Each
SMBG consists of 1 080 super macro blocks (SMB).
Each SMB consists of two MBs. Each MB consists of four luminance DCT blocks (8 × 4 pixel
matrix) and one each of C DCT block (8 × 8 pixel matrix) and C DCT block (8 × 8 pixel matrix).
B R
As described later, two horizontally adjacent luminance DCT blocks are overlapped by one pixel
column at their junction. Two horizontally adjacent chrominance DCT blocks are overlapped by
one pixel column at their junction when they are formed into SMB.
Each DCT block is transformed to represent DC and AC coefficients. Coefficients are weighted
through the prearranged categories prior to shuffling, then formed into rearranged MBs (RMB).
DCT coefficients within one rearranged MB group (RMBG) are quantized, and made into a fixed
length data set through VLC.
The VLC output code words from one RMBG are formed into 360 DIF blocks.
The compressed video data for one 1 080i field or one 720p frame consists of 5 760 DIF blocks.
The block diagram of the outline about video processing is shown in Figure 1.

62330-2  IEC:2003 – 9 –
Base band
Video Signal
DIF blocks
SMBG CG RMB
Blocking DCT Weighting Quantization VLC Packing
shuffling
distribution shuffling
1 080i
720p
Rate
Categorization
control
Figure 1 – Block diagram of outline about video processing
4.2 Video signal
4.2.1 Sampling process
The sampling structure is defined in ITU-R BT.709 and ITU-R BT.1543. Sampling structures of
the luminance (Y) and the two colour difference signals (C /C ) are described in Table 1.
B R
4.2.1.1 Line structure in one field (1 080i system) or frame (720p system)
For the 1 080i system, 540 lines for Y, C and C signals from each field shall be transmitted.
B R
For the 720p system, 720 lines for Y, C and C signals from each frame shall be transmitted.
R B
The transmitting lines on a television frame are defined in Table 1.
Table 1 – The construction of video signal sampling
1 080i system 720p system
Y 74,25 MHz / 1,001
Sampling frequency
C /C 37,125 MHz / 1,001
B R
Y 2 200 1 650
Total number of pixels
per line
C /C 1 100 825
B R
Y 1 920 1 280
The number of active
pixels per line
C /C 960 640
B R
Total number of lines per frame 1 125 750
The number of active lines per frame 1 080 720
Field 1 21 to 560
The active line numbers Frame 26 to 745
Field 2 584 to 1 123
Quantization Each sample is linearly quantized to 10 bits for Y, C and C
B R
Scale 4 to 1 019
Quantized level: 877
The relation between Y Video signal level of white: 940
video signal level and
Video signal level of black: 64
quantized level
Quantized level: 897
C /C
B R
Video signal level of gray: 512

– 10 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
4.2.1.2 Pixel structure in one field (1 080i) / in one frame (720p)
– 1 080i system
All sampled pixels, 1 920 luminance pixels per line and 960 colour difference pixels, are
retained for processing as shown in Figure 2. The sampling process starts simultaneously for
both luminance and colour difference signals.
– 720p system
All sampled pixels, 1 280 pixels per line and 640 colour difference pixels, are retained for
processing as shown in Figure 3. Sampling processes start simultaneously for both luminance
and colour difference signals.

1,001 / 74,25MHz
0    1    2   3    4    5    6    7   8    - - - - -  [Y pixel numbers in active area]
0        1        2        3        4    - - - - -  [C /C pixel numbers in active area]
B R
[the active line numbers]
First active line in field 1 line 21
First active line in field 2 line 584
line 22
line 585
line 23
line 586
:
:
:
First pixel in active period : Transmitting luminance (Y) pixels
where
: Transmitting colour difference (C /C ) pixels
B R
Figure 2 – Transmitting samples of 1 080i system

62330-2  IEC:2003 – 11 –
1,001 / 74,25MHz
0    1    2   3    4    5    6    7   8    - - - - -  [Y pixel numbers in active area]
0        1        2        3        4    - - - - -  [C /C pixel numbers in active area]
B R
[the active line numbers]
First active line in a frame line 26
line 27
line 28
line 29
line 30
:
:
:
First pixel in active period : Transmitting luminance (Y) pixels
where
: Transmitting colour difference (C /C ) pixels
B R
Figure 3 – Transmitting samples of 720p system
4.3 Block formation
4.3.1 DCT block, macro block (MB) and super macro block (SMB)
4.3.1.1 DCT block
The Y pixels in a field (1 080i system) and in a frame (720p system) shall be divided into
rectangular areas of 15 horizontal pixels and 4 lines. Two Y DCT blocks (one Y DCT block pair)
are made from each one of the rectangular areas as shown in Figure 4. In each Y DCT block pair,
the rightmost pixel in the left DCT block is overlapped with the leftmost pixel in the right DCT block
(overlapped blocking).
The C /C pixels in a field (1 080i) and in a frame (720p) shall be divided into rectangular areas
B R
of 15 horizontal pixels and 8 lines. Two C DCT blocks (one C DCT block pair) are made from each
one of the rectangular areas as shown in Figure 5. In each C DCT block pair, the rightmost pixel
in the left block is overlapped with the leftmost pixel in the right block (overlapped blocking).
Overlapped blocking is used for the robustness of error (see Annex A).
Let r be the horizontal pixel position number in Y/C DCT block
r = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let s be the vertical pixel position number in Y/C DCT block
For Y block s = 0, 1, 2, 3
For C block s = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let P(r, s) be the value of the pixel at the position (r, s)
4.3.1.2 Macro block (MB)
Each macro block (MB) in the 1 080i system and the 720p system consists of two Y DCT block
pairs, one C DCT block and one C DCT block. Two Y DCT block pairs are vertically adjacent.
B R
C DCT block and C DCT block spatially correspond to the two Y DCT block pairs. Four Y DCT
B R
blocks (Ya, Yb, Yc, Yd), one C DCT block and one C DCT block are shown in Figure 6.
B R
– 12 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
4.3.1.3 Super macro block (SMB)
As shown in Figure 7, each super macro block (SMB) in the 1 080i system and the 720p system
consists of two macro blocks which are horizontally adjacent. Two C DCT blocks of C /C in one
B R
super macro block are one C DCT block pair of C /C .
B R
Let YS be the Y DCT block number in each SMB as shown in Figure 7.
YS = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let CS be the C DCT block number in each SMB as shown in Figure 7.
CS = 0, 1.
Overlap
Left Right
Top
Bottom
r r
0  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0  1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 1
s
s
3 3
Left DCT block Right DCT block
Y DCT block pair
where   represents luminance (Y) pixels

Figure 4 – Overlapped blocking of luminance (Y) pixels

62330-2  IEC:2003 – 13 –
Overlap
Left Right
Top
Bottom
r r
0   1   2 3   4 5  6   7 0   1   2 3   4 5  6   7
0 0
s s
2 2
4 4
6 6
Left DCT block Right DCT block
C DCT block pair
represents colour difference (CB/CR) pixels
where     representscolour difference (C /C ) pixels
B R
Figure 5 – Overlapped blocking of colour difference C /C pixels
B R
15 pixels (Y)
8 pixels (Y)
8 pixels (Y)
Ya Yc
pixels
pixels
Yb Yd
pixels
(C /C )
C
B R
B
C
R
8 pixels (C /C )
B R
Figure 6 – Macro block structure in 1 080i system and 720p systems

– 14 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
30 pixels (Y)
15 pixels (Y)
8 pixels (Y)
8 pixels (Y)
Y
C
B
YS=0 YS=4 YS=6 YS=2
pixels
C
R
pixels
YS=1 YS=5 YS=7 YS=3
pixels
CS=0 CS=1
CS=0 CS=1
8 pixels
8 pixels
15 pixels
Figure 7 – Super macro block structure in 1 080i system and 720p systems
4.3.2 Super macro block arrangement
4.3.2.1 1 080i system
The vertical field dimension, 540 pixel long, is not divisible into an integer by the vertical
dimension of the SMB, 8 pixels long.
In order to place all SMBs within the 1 920 × 540 pixel matrix of the 1 080i field, removal and
attachments of half height SMBs are required as shown in Figure 8.
1) Y pixels
– Pixels in four rectangular areas of the horizontal pixel position number from (480 x N)
to (59 + 480 x N) and from (360 + 480 × N) to (419 + 480 × N) in the active area and line
position number from 536 to 539 in the active area shall be moved horizontally 1 020 pixel
positions to the right, vertically 4 lines to the bottom (N = 0, 1).
– Pixels in two rectangular areas of the horizontal pixel position number from (240 + 480 x N)
to (359 + 480 × N) in the active area and line position number from 536 to 539 in the active
area shall be moved horizontally 840 pixel positions to the right, vertically 4 lines to the
bottom (N = 0, 1).
– Pixels in four rectangular areas of the horizontal pixel position number from (960 + 480 x
N) to (1 019 + 480 × N) and from (1 320 + 480 × N) to (1 379 + 480 × N) in the active area
and line position number from 536 to 539 in the active area shall be moved horizontally
900 pixel positions to the left, vertically 4 lines to the bottom (N = 0, 1).
– Pixels in two rectangular areas of the horizontal pixel position number from (1 200 + 480 ×
N) to (1 319 + 480 × N) in the active area and line position number from 536 to 539 in the
active area shall be moved horizontally 1 080 pixel positions to the left, vertically 4 lines to
the bottom (N = 0, 1).
2) C /C pixels
B R
C /C pixels occupy the positions held by the even numbered Y horizontal pixel numbers. The
B R
half height SMB replacement operation, identical to the Y pixels as described above, is
performed for C /C pixels.
B R
62330-2  IEC:2003 – 15 –
The arrangement of the SMBs in one field is shown in Figure 9. The same horizontal arrangement
of 64 SMBs is repeated with 67 SMBs in the vertical direction from top, and there are 32 SMBs in
the horizontal direction at the bottom. The number of SMBs in one field is
4 320 as described below:
(vertical 67 SMBs × horizontal 64 SMBs) + 32 SMBs = 4 320 SMBs
Line position
line position
number in
number in
ac activtie arve areaea
:
Y : 1 920 pixels
:
:
0   120  240  360   480   600  720   840   960  1 080 1 200    1 380 1 500   1 680 1 800  1 919
60             420   540              900  1 020         1 320 1 440 1 560         1 860
[pixel position number in active area (Y)]
64 SMBs
67 SMBs
1 SMB
2    6      6    2  2    6       6    2  2    6      6    2  2    6      6    2 [SMB]

Figure 8 – Pixel arrangement for blocking of 1 080i system

– 16 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
H
64 SMBs
0 63
1 SMB
V
SMB
Figure 9 – The arrangement of SMBs in one field for 1 080i system
4.3.2.2 720p system
As the first step of block formation, 160 dummy of Y pixels and 80 dummy of C /C pixels are
B R
added as rightmost pixels in each line. The value of dummy shall be “040h” for Y and “200h” for
C.
The arrangement of SMBs in one frame for the 720p system is shown in Figure 10. The same
horizontal arrangement of 48 SMBs is repeated with 90 SMBs in the vertical direction from top to
bottom. The number of SMBs in one frame is 4 320 as described below:
vertical 90 SMBs × horizontal 48 SMBs = 4 320 SMBs
H
48 SMBs
0 47
1 SMB
V
SMBs
Dummy
Figure 10 – The arrangement of SMBs in one frame for 720p system
4.4 SMBG distribution
4.4.1 1 080i system
4 320 SMBs in one field are divided into four SMBGs as shown in Figure 11.
Let H be the horizontal position number of SMB within the video field
H = 0, 1, 2, ., 63.
Let V be the vertical position number of SMB within the video field
V = 0, 1, 2, ., 67.
Let HS be the column position number of SMB within one SMBG
HS = 0, 1, 2, ., 5.
62330-2  IEC:2003 – 17 –
Let VS be the row position number of SMB within one SMBG
VS = 0, 1, 2, ., 179.
Let Sg be the SMBG number in one field
Sg = 0, 1, 2, 3.
The distribution method is described as follows:
V = ( int ( VS / 8 ) ) × 3 + int ( ( ( VS mod 8 ) × 6 + HS) / 16 )
H = ( ( f( h, v ) + ( ( int ( VS / 8 ) ) – Sg ) x 8 ) mod 32 ) × 2 + ( ( int ( VS / 8 ) ) mod 2 ) × nor ( HS mod 2 )
where v = int ( ( ( VS mod 8 ) × 6 + HS ) / 16 )
h = int ( ( ( ( VS mod 8 ) × 6 + HS ) mod 16 ) / 2 )
xnor: exclusive nor
Value of f( h, v )
h
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
v
0 1 2 0 19 20 21 15 14
1 15 10 9 11 30 29 28 24
2 24 25 5 7 6 20 19 18
H
64 SMBs
0 63
1 field
1 SMB
V
SMB
HS
6 SMBs
1 SMBG
0 5
VS
SMBs
Sg = 0 Sg = 1 Sg = 2 Sg = 3
Figure 11 – SMBG distribution in 1 080i system

– 18 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
4.4.2 720p system
4 320 SMBs in one frame are divided into four SMBs as shown in Figure 12.
Let H be the horizontal position number of SMB within video frame
H = 0, 1, 2, ., 47.
Let V be the vertical position number of SMB within video frame
V = 0, 1, 2, ., 89.
Let HS be the column position number of SMB within one SMBG
HS = 0, 1, 2, ., 5.
Let VS be the row position number of SMB within one SMBG
VS = 0, 1, 2, ., 179.
Let Sg be the SMBG number in one frame
Sg = 0, 1, 2, 3.
The distribution method is described as follows:
V = int ( VS / 2 )
H = ( VS mod 2 ) × 24 + ( ( Sg + f ( ( int ( VS / 2 ) ) mod 4 ) ) mod 4 ) × 6 + ( ( HS – int ( VS / 2 ) ) mod 6 )
where f (0) = 0, f (1) = 1, f (2) = 3, f (3) = 2
H
48 SMBs
0 47
1 frame
1 SMB
V
SMBs
HS
6 SMBs
1 SMBG
0 5
VS
SMBs
Sg = 1 Sg = 2 Sg = 3
Sg = 0
Figure 12 – SMBG distribution in 720p system

62330-2  IEC:2003 – 19 –
4.5 DCT
The maximum excursion of all pixel value is changed to fall between −511 and +511 by the
subtraction of 512 from the original sampled value. 8 × 4 pixels P(r, s) of each Y DCT block and
8 × 8 pixels P(r, s) of each C /C DCT block are transformed into 8 × 4 Y DCT coefficients and 8
B R
× 8 C DCT coefficients respectively.
Let t be the horizontal frequency number in Y/C DCT coefficient block as shown in Figure 13.
t = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let u be the vertical frequency number in Y/C DCT coefficient block
For Y DCT coefficient block u = 0, 1, 2, 3
For C DCT coefficient block u = 0, 1, 2, ., 7.
Let C( t, u ) be the value of the DCT coefficient at frequency ( t, u ).
The coefficient of t = 0 and u = 0 is called as DC coefficient. Other coefficients are called as AC
coefficients.
4.5.1 DCT/IDCT for Y
DCT/IDCT for the Y signal are defined as shown below:
DCT:
3 7
C( t, u ) = 2 × C1(t) × C2(u)  ( P ( r, s ) × cos( πu( 2s + 1 ) /8 ) × cos( πt( 2r + 1 ) /16 ) )
Σ Σ
s=0 r=0
IDCT:
3 7
P( r, s ) = (1 / 2 )  ( C1(t) × C2(u) × C( t, u ) × cos( πu( 2s + 1 ) /8 ) × cos( πt( 2r + 1 ) /16 ) )
Σ Σ
u=0 t=0
where C1(t) = 1 / 2 2 for t = 0
C1(t) = 1 / 2 for t = 1 to 7
C2(u) = 1 / 2 for u = 0
C2(u) = 1 / 2 for u = 1 to 3
The structure of the Y DCT coefficient block is shown in Figure 13 a). DCT coefficients C(t, u) of
the Y DCT coefficient block are divided into 6 DCT coefficient groups (CGs).
Let CGNS be the CG number as shown in Figure 13 a)
CGNS = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
4.5.2 DCT/IDCT for C
DCT/IDCT for C (C /C ) signal are defined as shown below:
B R
DCT:
7 7
C( t, u ) = C3(t) × C4(u)  ( P( r, s ) × cos( πu( 2s + 1 ) /16 ) × cos( πt( 2r + 1 ) /16 ) )
Σ Σ
s=0 r=0
– 20 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
IDCT:
7 7
P( r, s ) =  ( C3(t) × C4(u) × C( t, u ) × cos( πu( 2s + 1 ) /16 ) × cos( πt( 2r + 1 ) /16 ) )
Σ Σ
u=0 t=0
where C3(t) = 1 / 2 2 for t = 0
C3(t) = 1 / 2 for t = 1 to 7
C4(u) = 1 / 2 2 for u = 0
C4(u) = 1 / 2 for u = 1 to 7
The structure of the C DCT coefficient block is shown in Figure 13 b). DCT coefficients C(t, u) of
the C DCT coefficient block are divided into 6 DCT coefficient groups (CGs).
Let CGNS be the CG number as shown in Figure 13 b)
CGNS = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
t t
0   1    2    3   4    5    6    7 0   1    2    3   4    5    6    7
DC DC
0 0
u u
1 1
2 2
3 3
CGNS = 0   1    2    3   4        5
CGNS = 0   1    2    3   4        5

a) Y DCT coefficient block b) C DCT coefficient block
Figure 13 – The structure of DCT coefficient block
4.6 Categorization and weighting
Each MB is categorized into one of the categories and weighting is performed by multiplying all
AC coefficients of the subject MB by a weighting function W(t, u) selected by the category. The
DC coefficient is not weighted.
There are four categories (CY0, CY1, CY2, CY3) for the Y DCT block, and three categories (CC0,
CC1, CC2) for the C /C DCT block. Each category has its own weighting function. The weighting
B R
functions are selectively used to optimize the data compression process by categorization.
4.6.1 Categorization
MB categorization is identified by category flags of FMB, FYa, FYb, FYc, FYd, FCB and FCR. FYa,
FYb, FYc, and FYd correspond to the Y DCT blocks of Ya, Yb, Yc, Yd in Figure 6 respectively. If
the value of the quantized DC coefficient (–255, ., 0, ., 255, decimal) of C DCT block is less
B
than 24, then FCB is set to 0, else FCB is set to 1. If the value of quantized DC coefficient
(–255, ., 0, ., 255) of the C DCT block is less than 44, then FCR is set to 0, else FCR is set to
R
1.
Categories of CY0, CY1, CY2, and CY3 for the Y signal and categories of CC0, CC1, and CC2 for
C signal are expressed by the flags as shown in Tables 2 to 4.

62330-2  IEC:2003 – 21 –
Table 2 – Categorization of Y signal
Flag
Category
FYa, FYb,
FMB FCB FCR
FYc, FYd
1 - - - CY0
0 1 - - CY1
0 0 1 - CY2
0 0 - 1 CY2
0 0 0 0 CY3
where -: arbitrary
Table 3 – Categorization of C signal
B
Flag
Category
FMB FCB
1 - CC0
0 1 CC1
0 0 CC2
where -: arbitrary
Table 4 – Categorization of C signal
R
Flag
Category
FMB FCR
1 - CC0
0 1 CC1
0 0 CC2
where -: arbitrary
4.6.2 Weighting
Weighting function W( t, u ) in each category is defined below:
4.6.2.1 For Y signal
Category CY0
W( t, u ) = TableCY0( t, u ) × cos( 0,045πt ) × cos( 0,060πu ) / 2
Table 5 – Table CY0(t, u)
t
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
u
0 - 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125
1 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5
2 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
3 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
where -: N.A.
– 22 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
Category CY1
W( t, u ) = TableCY1( t, u ) × cos( 0,045πt ) × cos( 0,0585πu ) / 2
Table 6 – Table CY1(t, u)
t
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
u
0 - 0,5 0,5
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1 0,5 0,5 0,5
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
2 0,5 0,5
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
where -: N.A.
Category CY2
W( t, u ) = Table CY2( t, u ) × cos( 0,045πt ) × cos( 0,0585πu ) / 2
Table 7 – Table CY2(t, u)
t
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
u
0 - 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
1 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
2 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
3 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
where -: N.A.
Category CY3
W( t, u ) = TableCY3( t, u ) × cos( 0,045πt ) × cos( 0,0585πu ) / 2
Table 8 – Table CY3(t, u)
t
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
u
0 - 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
2 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
3 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
where -: N.A.
62330-2  IEC:2003 – 23 –
4.6.2.2 For C /C signal
B R
Category CC0
W( t, u ) = TableCC0( t, u ) × cos( 0,065πt ) × cos( 0,065πu )
Table 9 – Table CC0(t, u)
t
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
u
0 - 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125
1 0,25 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5
2 0,25 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5
3 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
5 0,125 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
6 0,125 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
7 0,125 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5 0,062 5
where -: N.A.
Category CC1
W( t, u ) = TableCC1( t, u ) × cos( 0,065πt ) × cos( 0,065πu )
Table 10 – Table CC1(t, u)
t
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
u
0 - 1 1 1/
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1 1 1
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
2 1
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
where -: N.A.
– Category CC2
W( t, u ) = TableCC2( t, u ) x cos( 0,065πt ) x cos( 0,065πu )
Table 11 – Table CC2(t, u)
t
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
u
0 - 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
2 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
3 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
4 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
6 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
7 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
where -: N.A.
– 24 – 62330-2  IEC:2003
4.7 CG shuffling
In order to improve data robustness against error, weighted DCT CGs are shuffled within the
same CGNSs of the 6 SMBs to 12 RMBs as shown in Figures 14 and 15. Each RMB comprises 4
Y shuffled DCT coefficient blocks, one shuffled C DCT coefficient block and one shuffled C
B R
DCT coefficient block.
Let Ycoef (HS, VS, YS, CGNS) be the DCT CG which is referred by CGNS, YS, VS, and HS.
Let HR be the column position number of RMB
HR = 0, 1, 2, ., 11.
Let VR be the row position number of RMB
VR = 0, 1, 2, ., 179.
Let YR be the Y DCT coefficient block number within one RMB
YR = 0, 1, 2, 3.
Let CGNR be the DCT CG number of one Y DCT coefficient block or one C /C DCT coefficient
B R
block within one RMB
CGNR = 0, 1, 2, ., 5.
Let YRcoef( HR, VR, YR, CGNR ) be the DCT CG which is referred by CGNR, YR, VR, and HR.
The shuffling method of Y DCT CGs is described in the following equations.
For HR = 0 to 5
YRcoef( HR, VR, YR, CGNR ) = Ycoef( ( CGNR – HR – int ( VR / 32 ) ) mod 6, VR,
YR + 4 × int ( ( ( CGNR – HR ) mod 6 ) / 3 ), CGNR )
For HR = 6 to 11
YRcoef( HR, VR, YR, CGNR ) = Ycoef( ( 1 – ( CGNR + HR + int ( VR / 32 ) ) ) mod 6, VR,
YR + 4 × int ( ( ( 4 – ( CGNR + HR ) ) mod 6 ) / 3 ), CGNR )
Let Ccoef( HS, VS, CS, CGNS ) be the DCT CG which is referred by CGNS, CS, VS, and HS.
Let CRcoef( HR, VR, CGNR ) be the DCT CG which is referred by CGNR, VR, and HR.
The shuffling method of C /C DCT
...