ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd 1:2016

Information technology — Learning, education and training — Metadata for learning resources — Part 2: Dublin Core elements — Amendment 1: Non-literal content value data elements

Technologies de l'information — Apprentissage, éducation et formation — Métadonnées pour ressources d'apprentissage — Partie 2: Éléments "Dublin Core" — Amendement 1: Éléments de données à contenu non litéral

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2016
• ICS: 03.100.30 - Management of human resources
• ICS: 35.240.90 - IT applications in education
• ICS: 35.240.99 - IT applications in other fields
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 36 - Information technology for learning, education and training
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 36/WG 4 - Management and delivery
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 15-Dec-2016
• Due Date: 19-Aug-2016
• Completion Date: 19-Aug-2016

Relations

• Amends: ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011 - Information technology — Learning, education and training — Metadata for learning resources — Part 2: Dublin Core elements
• Effective Date: 09-May-2020

Overview

ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd 1:2016 introduces an important amendment to Part 2 of the ISO/IEC 19788 standard, which addresses metadata for learning resources in the field of information technology, learning, education, and training. This amendment focuses specifically on supporting non-literal content value data elements within the established Dublin Core elements. By allowing for richer, non-linguistic metadata values-typically denoted as object references such as URIs-the amendment improves the granularity, interoperability, and precision of metadata associated with educational content.

Key Topics

• Non-Literal Content Value Data Elements:

  • Provides specifications for data elements where values are not limited to text literals but can reference external resources (e.g., people, organizations, structured vocabularies).
  • Supports accurate linking between metadata and authoritative external sources, such as DBpedia or controlled vocabularies.

• Extension of Dublin Core Elements:

  • Complements the classic Dublin Core elements (e.g., creator, subject, description, publisher) by introducing non-literal property variants.
  • Each non-literal element serves as a subproperty aligning with both DC and DCMI recommendations, promoting global interoperability.

• Resource Classes:

  • Defines resource classes such as Person and Rights Statement, enabling precise referencing of entities and rights information.
  • Aligns resource class taxonomy across English, French, and Russian for multilingual metadata support.

• Data Element Specification (DES):

  • Amends existing data element specifications to support object properties, facilitating richer semantic relationships between learning resources and external entities.
  • Adds technical adjustments like renaming "Range" to "Codomain" for precision in terminology.

Applications

• Educational Metadata Management:

  • Enhances metadata records for digital learning objects, e-learning modules, and open educational resources by supporting links to authoritative data sources.
  • Supports more effective resource discovery, aggregation, and reuse in digital repositories and learning management systems.

• Semantic Web and Linked Data:

  • By providing for URIs and object properties, the standard fosters alignment with Semantic Web technologies, enabling more robust linked data applications in education.

• Organizational and Legal Interoperability:

  • Through improved handling of rights and contributor information (e.g., referencing Creative Commons or WIPO standards), organizations can better manage intellectual property and attribution in digital learning environments.

• Multilingual and Cross-border Deployments:

  • The explicit mapping of metadata property and resource class names across languages supports implementation in diverse educational contexts.

Related Standards

For comprehensive implementation and interoperability, consider referencing these related standards:

• ISO/IEC 19788-1: Framework for learning resource metadata.
• ISO 15836: The core Dublin Core metadata standard.
• Additional parts of ISO/IEC 19788: Covering technical, educational, distribution, and person-related elements.
• Creative Commons and WIPO conventions: For best practices in intellectual property rights within learning resource metadata.

Practical Value

Implementing ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd 1:2016 delivers key benefits for organizations and platforms involved in education technology and digital content management:

• Enables precise and automated semantic linking between metadata and authoritative sources.
• Facilitates the creation of detailed, interoperable metadata records that support discovery in global and multilingual contexts.
• Promotes adoption of open linked data standards in learning resource metadata, improving resource portability and accessibility.
• Ensures consistent handling of rights, contributors, and resource relations for compliance and legal clarity.

By leveraging these enhancements, education providers, repository managers, and system vendors can maximize the utility, discoverability, and relevance of digital learning materials for end users worldwide.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 19788-2
First edition
2011-06-15
AMENDMENT 1
2016-12-15
Information technology — Learning,
education and training — Metadata
for learning resources —
Part 2:
Dublin Core elements
AMENDMENT 1: Non-literal content
value data elements
Technologies de l’information — Apprentissage, éducation et
formation — Métadonnées pour ressources d’apprentissage —
Partie 2: Éléments “Dublin Core”
AMENDEMENT 1: Éléments de données à contenu non litéral
Reference number
ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd.1:2016(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2016
ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd.1:2016(E)

© ISO/IEC 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd.1:2016(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
Amendment 1 to ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1,
Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education and training.
© ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved iii

ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd.1:2016(E)
Information technology — Learning, education and
training — Metadata for learning resources —
Part 2:
Dublin Core elements
AMENDMENT 1: Non-literal content value data elements
Page iv, Foreword
Replace the following text:
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 5: Educational elements
— Part 6: Availability, distribution, and intellectual property elements
Technical elements will form the subject of a future Part 4.
with the following:
— Part 4: Technical elements
— Part 5: Educational elements
— Part 8: Data elements for MLR records
— Part 9: Data elements for persons
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 7: Bindings
— Part 11: Migration from LOM to MLR
Page v, Introduction
Add the following sentence at the end of paragraph 3 (“This part of ISO/IEC 19788 uses …”)
This part of ISO/IEC 19788 provides Data Element Specifications (DESs) for data elements with literal
content value (as considered in early Dublin Core) and for data elements with non-literal content value:
ISO 15836 allows (implicitly) both.
Page 1, Clause 2
Replace the dated reference to ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011 by the undated reference
ISO/IEC 19788-1, Information technology — Learning, education and training — Metadata for learning
resources — Part 1: Framework
Page 4, Clause 5
For all DESs 5.1 to 5.15, rename the DES attribute “Range” to “Codomain”.
ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd.1:2016(E)

Page 4, Subclause 5.1
Add the following to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
Is a subproperty of properties http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title and http :// purl.org/dc/terms/title
Page 5, 5.2
Add the following content to the “Refines” entry of the DES:
ISO_IEC_19788-2:2011::DES0600 (contributor)
Add the following notes to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
A DES with the same property name (creator), but with non-literal content value is provided; see 5.16.
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator
Page 5, 5.3
Add the following notes to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
A DES with the same property name (subject), but with non-literal content value is provided; see 5.17.
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/subject
Page 6, 5.4
Add the following notes to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
A DES with the same property name (description), but with non-literal content value is provided; see 5.18.
Is a subproperty of properties http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description and http :// purl.org/dc/
terms/description
Page 7, 5.5
Add the following notes to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
A DES with the same property name (publisher), but with non-literal content value is provided; see 5.19.
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/publisher
Page 7, 5.6
Add the following notes to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
A DES with the same property name (contributor), but with non-literal content value is provided; see 5.20.
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor
Page 8, 5.7
Add the following note to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
Is a subproperty of properties http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/date and http :// purl.org/dc/terms/date
Page 9, 5.8
Add the following note to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/type
Page 9, 5.9
Add the following note to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd.1:2016(E)

Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format
Page 10, 5.10
Add the following note to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
Is a subproperty of properties http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/identifier and http :// purl.org/dc/
terms/identifier
Page 11, 5.11
Add the following content to the “Refines” entry of the DES:
ISO_IEC_19788-2:2011::DES1300 (relation)
Add the following notes to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
A DES with the same property name (source), but with non-literal content value is provided; see 5.21.
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/source
Page 12, 5.12
Add the following note to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/language
Page 12, 5.13
Add the following notes to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
A DES with the same property name (relation), but with non-literal content value is provided; see 5.22.
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/relation
Page 13, 5.14
Add the following note to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/coverage
Page 14, 5.15
Add the following notes to the “Note(s)” entry of the DES:
A DES with the same property name (rights), but with non-literal content value is provided; see 5.23.
Is a subproperty of property http :// purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/rights
Page 14, 5.15
Add the following eight subclauses after 5.15:
5.16 Creator (DES1600)
Data element specification
Identifier ISO_IEC_19788-2:2011:AMD.1:2016::DES1600
Data element specification attributes
Property name creator
entity primarily responsible for making the learning
Definition
resource
Linguistic indicator non-linguistic
ISO/IEC 19788-2:2011/Amd.1:2016(E)

Learning Resource
Domain
(ISO_IEC_19788-1:2011::RC0002)
Person
Codomain
(ISO_IEC_19788-1:2011::RC0003)
Content value rules N/A
ISO_IEC_19788-2:2011:AMD.1:2016::DES2000 (con-
Refines
tributor)
Resource denoted by URI http :// dbpedia.org/resource/
Example(s)
Mitchel_Resnick
1. A DES with the same property name (creator), but
with literal content value is provided; see 5.2.
Note(s)
2. Is a subproperty of properties http :// purl.org/dc/
elements/1.1/creator and http :// purl.org/dc/terms/
creator
5.17 Subject (DES1700)
Data element specification
Identifier ISO_IEC_19788-2:2011:AMD.1:2016::DES1700
Data element specification attributes
Property name subject
Definition topic of the learning resource
Linguistic
...