ISO 2896:2001

Rigid cellular plastics — Determination of water absorption

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the water absorption of rigid cellular plastics by measuring the buoyant force on a test specimen after immersion under a 50 mm head of water for 4 days. Corrections are specified to take account of any change in volume of the specimen and also to correct for the volume of water in the cut surface cells of the specimen. The water absorption is expressed as the average, for several specimens, of the percentage increase in volume relative to the original volume. The method described is intended for quality control and for use in product specifications.

Plastiques alvéolaires rigides — Détermination de l'absorption d'eau

Penjeni polimerni materiali - Trde pene - Določevanje vpijanja vode

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 11-Jul-2001
• ICS: 83.100 - Cellular materials
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 61/SC 10 - Cellular plastics
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 61/SC 10/WG 12 - Mechanical and endurance properties
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Start Date: 02-Sep-2027
• Ref Project: SIST ISO 2896:2003 - Rigid cellular plastics -- Determination of water absorption

Relations

• Revises: ISO 2896:1987 - Cellular plastics, rigid — Determination of water absorption
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2008
• Revised: SIST ISO 2896:1996 - Cellular plastics, rigid -- Determination of water absorption
• Effective Date: 12-May-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2896
Third edition
2001-07-01
Rigid cellular plastics — Determination
of water absorption
Plastiques alvéolaires rigides — Détermination de l'absorption d'eau
Reference number
ISO 2896:2001(E)
©
ISO 2001

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 2896:2001(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not
be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this
file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this
area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters
were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event
that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2001
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body
in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 � CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 2896:2001(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Principle.1
4 Materials .1
5 Apparatus .1
6 Specimens.4
7 Procedure .5
8 Corrections for swelling and cut surfaces.5
9 Expression of results .7
10 Precision and accuracy.8
11 Test report .9
Annex A (normative) Determination of average cell diameter (see 8.1.3.1) .10
© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO 2896:2001(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 2896 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 10,
Cellular plastics.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 2896:1987), which has been technically revised.
Annex A forms a normative part of this International Standard.
iv © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2896:2001(E)
Rigid cellular plastics — Determination of water absorption
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the water absorption of rigid cellular plastics
by measuring the buoyant force on a test specimen after immersion under a 50 mm head of water for 4 days.
Corrections are specified to take account of any change in volume of the specimen and also to correct for the
volume of water in the cut surface cells of the specimen. The water absorption is expressed as the average, for
several specimens, of the percentage increase in volume relative to the original volume.
The method described is intended for quality control and for use in product specifications.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 291:1997, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 1923:1981, Cellular plastics and rubbers — Determination of linear dimensions
3Principle
The water absorption of a material is determined by measurement of the buoyant force on a specimen immersed in
distilled water for a specified time.
4 Materials
4.1 Distilled water, de-aerated (by storage for at least 48 h after distillation), for use as the immersion liquid.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Balance, accurate to 0,1 g and capable of suspending the cage (5.2).
5.2 Underwater-weighing cage, made of a stainless material not attacked by distilled water and large enough
to contain a test specimen. A sinker heavy enough to compensate for the upthrust produced by the test specimen
shall be attached to the base of the cage. The cage shall be fitted with a means of suspending it from the balance.
See Figure 1 for an example.
5.3 Cylindrical vessel, at least 250 mm in diameter and 250 mm in height.
5.4 Low-permeability plastic film, for example polyethylene.
© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO 2896:2001(E)
Key
1 Mesh cage
2 Specimen
3Sinker
Figure 1 — Test specimen in mesh underwater-weighing cage
5.5 Slicer: cutting-blade apparatus capable of preparing thin specimens (0,1 mm to 0,4 mm thick) for cell size
viewing. Figure 2 shows an acceptable apparatus.
5.6 Slide assembly, consisting of two pieces of slide glass hinged by tape along one edge, between which is
placed a calibrated scale (3 cm in length) printed on a thin plastic sheet (see Figure 3).
5.7 Projector: conventional 35 mm slide projector that accepts standard 50 mm � 50 mm slides, or a projection
microscope with a calibrated scale.
2 © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 2896:2001(E)
NOTE The spacer thickness is chosen to give the required viewing-specimen thickness.
Figure 2 — Razor-blade equipment for slicing cellular plastics for determination of average cell diameter
© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved 3

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 2896:2001(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Calibrated glass slide
2 Flexible tape hinge
3 Blank cover glass
4 Cell-count scales
Figure 3 — Slide assembly
6 Specimens
6.1 Number of specimens
At least three specimens shall be tested.
6.2 Dimensions
3
Specimens shall be at least 500 cm in volume, with a nominal length of 150 mm and a nominal width of 150 mm.
For materials produced and sold with natural or laminated skin surfaces, the thickness shall be as produced. For
materials produced with a thickness greater than 75 mm and without skin surfaces, the material shall be trimmed to
75 mm in thickness for testing. The distance between two faces shall not vary by more than 1 % (tolerance of
parallelism).
6.3 Preparation and conditioning
Surfaces of specimens shall be smooth and free from dust. Dry the specimens in a desiccator at ambient
temperature until the results of two successive weighings, at intervals of at least 12 h, do not differ by more than
1 % of their mean.
4 © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 2896:2001(E)
7 Procedure
7.1 Operate in a room where the temperature is maintained in accordance with ISO 291. Unless otherwise
1�
specified , conditions shall be (23� 2) °C and (50� 5) % relative humidity.
7.2 Weigh a specimen to the nearest 0,1 g (mass m ).
1
7.3 Measure the dimensions of the specimen in accordance with ISO 1923 for the calculation of V .
0
7.4 Fill the cylindrical vessel (5.3) with de-aerated distilled water (4.1) at ambient temperature.
7.5 Immerse the assembled cage (5.2), remove any bubbles, attach it to the balance and determine the apparent
mass (m ) to the nearest 0,1 g.
2
7.6 Place the specimen in the cage. Re-immerse the cage so that the distance between the surface of the water
and the top surface of the specimen is approximately 50 mm. Remove obvious air bubbles from the specimen with
a brush or by agitation.
7.7 Cover the cylindrical vessel with low-permeability plastic film (5.4).
7.8 After (96� 1) h, or another agreed immersion period, remove the plastic film and determine the apparent
mass (m ), to the nearest 0,1 g, of the submerged cage containing the specimen.
3
7.9 Visually examine the specimen for evidence of swelling. To determine corrections for swelling and cut
surfaces, follow procedure A (8.1) for uniform swelling and procedure B (8.2) for non-uniform swelling.
7.10 Carry out the above procedure for e
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 2896:2003
01-julij-2003
3HQMHQLSROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL7UGHSHQH'RORþHYDQMHYSLMDQMDYRGH
Rigid cellular plastics -- Determination of water absorption
Plastiques alvéolaires rigides -- Détermination de l'absorption d'eau
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 2896:2001
ICS:
83.100 Penjeni polimeri Cellular materials
SIST ISO 2896:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2896
Third edition
2001-07-01
Rigid cellular plastics — Determination
of water absorption
Plastiques alvéolaires rigides — Détermination de l'absorption d'eau
Reference number
ISO 2896:2001(E)
©
ISO 2001

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003
ISO 2896:2001(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not
be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this
file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this
area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters
were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event
that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2001
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body
in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 � CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003
ISO 2896:2001(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Principle.1
4 Materials .1
5 Apparatus .1
6 Specimens.4
7 Procedure .5
8 Corrections for swelling and cut surfaces.5
9 Expression of results .7
10 Precision and accuracy.8
11 Test report .9
Annex A (normative) Determination of average cell diameter (see 8.1.3.1) .10
© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003
ISO 2896:2001(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 2896 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 10,
Cellular plastics.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 2896:1987), which has been technically revised.
Annex A forms a normative part of this International Standard.
iv © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2896:2001(E)
Rigid cellular plastics — Determination of water absorption
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the water absorption of rigid cellular plastics
by measuring the buoyant force on a test specimen after immersion under a 50 mm head of water for 4 days.
Corrections are specified to take account of any change in volume of the specimen and also to correct for the
volume of water in the cut surface cells of the specimen. The water absorption is expressed as the average, for
several specimens, of the percentage increase in volume relative to the original volume.
The method described is intended for quality control and for use in product specifications.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 291:1997, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 1923:1981, Cellular plastics and rubbers — Determination of linear dimensions
3Principle
The water absorption of a material is determined by measurement of the buoyant force on a specimen immersed in
distilled water for a specified time.
4 Materials
4.1 Distilled water, de-aerated (by storage for at least 48 h after distillation), for use as the immersion liquid.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Balance, accurate to 0,1 g and capable of suspending the cage (5.2).
5.2 Underwater-weighing cage, made of a stainless material not attacked by distilled water and large enough
to contain a test specimen. A sinker heavy enough to compensate for the upthrust produced by the test specimen
shall be attached to the base of the cage. The cage shall be fitted with a means of suspending it from the balance.
See Figure 1 for an example.
5.3 Cylindrical vessel, at least 250 mm in diameter and 250 mm in height.
5.4 Low-permeability plastic film, for example polyethylene.
© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003
ISO 2896:2001(E)
Key
1 Mesh cage
2 Specimen
3Sinker
Figure 1 — Test specimen in mesh underwater-weighing cage
5.5 Slicer: cutting-blade apparatus capable of preparing thin specimens (0,1 mm to 0,4 mm thick) for cell size
viewing. Figure 2 shows an acceptable apparatus.
5.6 Slide assembly, consisting of two pieces of slide glass hinged by tape along one edge, between which is
placed a calibrated scale (3 cm in length) printed on a thin plastic sheet (see Figure 3).
5.7 Projector: conventional 35 mm slide projector that accepts standard 50 mm � 50 mm slides, or a projection
microscope with a calibrated scale.
2 © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003
ISO 2896:2001(E)
NOTE The spacer thickness is chosen to give the required viewing-specimen thickness.
Figure 2 — Razor-blade equipment for slicing cellular plastics for determination of average cell diameter
© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved 3

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003
ISO 2896:2001(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Calibrated glass slide
2 Flexible tape hinge
3 Blank cover glass
4 Cell-count scales
Figure 3 — Slide assembly
6 Specimens
6.1 Number of specimens
At least three specimens shall be tested.
6.2 Dimensions
3
Specimens shall be at least 500 cm in volume, with a nominal length of 150 mm and a nominal width of 150 mm.
For materials produced and sold with natural or laminated skin surfaces, the thickness shall be as produced. For
materials produced with a thickness greater than 75 mm and without skin surfaces, the material shall be trimmed to
75 mm in thickness for testing. The distance between two faces shall not vary by more than 1 % (tolerance of
parallelism).
6.3 Preparation and conditioning
Surfaces of specimens shall be smooth and free from dust. Dry the specimens in a desiccator at ambient
temperature until the results of two successive weighings, at intervals of at least 12 h, do not differ by more than
1 % of their mean.
4 © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------

SIST ISO 2896:2003
ISO 2896:2001(E)
7 Procedure
7.1 Operate in a room where the temperature is maintained in accordance with ISO 291. Unless otherwise
1�
specified , conditions shall be (23� 2) °C and (50� 5) % relative humidity.
7.2 Weigh a specimen to the nearest 0,1 g (mass m ).
1
7.3 Measure the dimensions of the specimen in accordance with ISO 1923 for the calculation of V .
0
7.4 Fill the cylindrical vessel (5.3) with de-aerated distilled water (4.1) at ambient temperature.
7.5 Immerse the assembled cage (5.2), remove any bubbles, attach it to the balance and determine the apparent
mass (m ) to the nearest 0,1 g.
2
7.6 Place the specimen in the cage. Re-immerse the cage so that the distance between the surface of the water
and the top surface of the specimen is approximately 50 mm. Remove obvious air bubbles from the specimen with
a brush or by agitation.
7.7 Cover the cylindrical vessel with low-permeability plastic film (5.4).
7.8 After (96� 1) h, or anot
...