ISO 23469:2005
(Main)Bases for design of structures — Seismic actions for designing geotechnical works
Bases for design of structures — Seismic actions for designing geotechnical works
ISO 23469:2005 provides guidelines for specifying seismic actions for designing geotechnical works, including buried structures (e.g. buried tunnels, box culverts, pipelines, and underground storage facilities), foundations (e.g. shallow and deep foundations, and underground diaphragm walls), retaining walls (e.g. soil retaining and quay walls), pile-supported wharves and piers, earth structures (e.g. earth and rockfill dams and embankments), gravity dams, landfill and waste sites. The guidelines provided in ISO 23469:2005 are general enough to be applicable for both new and existing geotechnical works. However, for use in practice, procedures more specific to existing geotechnical works can be needed, such as those described for existing structures in ISO 13822.
Bases du calcul des constructions - Actions sismiques pour le calcul des ouvrages géotechniques
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23469
First edition
2005-11-15
Bases for design of structures — Seismic
actions for designing geotechnical works
Bases du calcul des constructions — Actions sismiques pour le calcul
des ouvrages géotechniques
Reference number
©
ISO 2005
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ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 7
5 Principles and procedure. 7
5.1 Principles. 7
5.2 Procedure for determining seismic actions.9
6 Evaluation of earthquake ground motions, ground failure, and fault displacements. 9
6.1 General. 9
6.2 Seismic hazard analysis . 10
6.3 Site response analysis and assessment of liquefaction potential . 11
6.4 Spatial variation . 12
6.5 Fault displacements, ground failure, and other geotechnical hazards. 14
6.6 Paraseismic influences . 14
7 Procedure for specifying seismic actions . 14
7.1 Types and models of analysis. 14
7.2 Seismic actions for equivalent static analysis . 16
7.3 Seismic actions for dynamic analysis. 17
8 Seismic actions for equivalent static analysis . 17
8.1 Seismic actions for simplified equivalent static analysis . 17
8.2 Seismic actions for detailed equivalent static analysis. 20
9 Seismic actions for dynamic analysis. 21
9.1 Seismic actions for simplified dynamic analysis . 21
9.2 Seismic actions for detailed dynamic analysis . 23
Annex A (informative) Primary issues for specifying seismic actions. 24
Annex B (informative) Upper crustal rock, firm ground, and local soil deposit . 27
Annex C (informative) Design situations for combination of actions. 29
Annex D (informative) Seismic hazard analysis and earthquake ground motions . 30
Annex E (informative) Site response analysis . 36
Annex F (informative) Spatial variation of earthquake ground motion . 46
Annex G (informative) Assessment of liquefaction . 51
Annex H (informative) Seismic actions defined for various models of geotechnical works. 57
Annex I (informative) Soil-structure interaction for designing deep foundations: phase for inertial
and kinematic interactions . 73
Annex J (informative) Limitations in the conventional method and emerging trend for evaluating
active earth pressure. 74
Annex K (informative) Effects of liquefaction considered in various models of geotechnical works . 76
Annex L (informative) Evaluation of other induced effects . 80
Annex M (informative) Concepts of response control and protection . 83
Annex N (informative) Interdependence of geotechnical and structure designs. 84
Bibliography . 85
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 23469 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 98, Bases for design of structures, Subcommittee
SC 3, Loads, forces and other actions in collaboration with ISSMGE/TC4 and CEN/TC205/SC8.
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This International Standard provides guidelines to be observed by experienced practising engineers and code
writers when specifying seismic actions in the design of geotechnical works. Geotechnical works are those
comprised of soil or rock, including buried structures (e.g. buried tunnels, box culverts, pipelines and
underground storage facilities), foundations (e.g. shallow and deep foundations, and underground diaphragm
walls), retaining walls (e.g. soil retaining and quay walls), pile-supported wharves and piers, earth structures
(e.g. earth and rockfill dams and embankments), gravity dams, landfill and waste sites. The seismic actions
described are compatible with ISO 2394.
The seismic performance of geotechnical works is significantly affected by ground displacement. In particular,
soil-structure interaction and effects of liquefaction play major roles and pose difficult problems for engineers.
This International Standard addresses these issues in a systematic manner within a consistent framework.
The seismic performance criteria for geotechnical works cover a wide range. If the consequences of failure
are minor and the geotechnical works are easily repairable, their failure or collapse may be acceptable and
explicit seismic design may not be required. However, geotechnical works that are an essential part of a
facility handling hazardous materials or a post-earthquake emergency facility shall maintain full operational
capacity during and after an earthquake. This International Standard presents a full range of methods for the
analysis of geotechnical works, ranging from simple to sophisticated, from which experienced practising
engineers can choose the most appropriate one for evaluating the performance of a geotechnical work.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23469:2005(E)
Bases for design of structures — Seismic actions for designing
geotechnical works
1 Scope
This International Standard provides guidelines for specifying seismic actions for designing geotechnical
works, including buried structures (e.g. buried tunnels, box culverts, pipelines and underground storage
facilities), foundations (e.g. shallow and deep foundations, and underground diaphragm walls), retaining walls
(e.g. soil retaining and quay walls), pile-supported wharves and piers, earth structures (e.g. earth and rockfill
dams and embankments), gravity dams, landfill and waste sites.
NOTE The guidelines provided in this International Standard are general enough to be applicable for both new and
existing geotechnical works. However, for use in practice, procedures more specific to existing geotechnical works can be
needed, such as those described for existing structures in ISO 13822.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2394:1998, General principles on reliability for structures
ISO 3010:2001, Bases for design of structures — Seismic actions on structures
ISO 13822:2001, Bases for design of structures — Assessment of existing structures
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2394, ISO 3010 and ISO 13822 and
the following apply.
3.1
array observation
simultaneous recording of earthquake ground motions and/or microtremors by an array of seismometers
3.2
basin effects
effects on earthquake ground motions caused by the presence of a basin-like geometrical boundary beneath
the site
NOTE Deep basin effects are defined as effects due to the geometry of the interface between the upper crustal rock
and the overlying firm ground or soil deposits. Shallow basin effects are defined as effects due to the geometry of the
interface between the firm ground (or shallow upper crustal rock) and the local soil deposits and may be treated as part of
the local site response.
3.3
coherency function
function describing a degree of correlation between two time histories
3.4
crest
top of a geotechnical structure, typically defined for embankments and dams
3.5
culvert
tunnel-like structure constructed typically in embankments or ground forming a passage or allowing drainage
under a road or railroad
3.6
damping
mechanism that dissipates energy of motion
3.7
deep foundation
foundation having a large depth to width ratio, which transfers applied loads to deep soil deposits
EXAMPLES Pile foundation, sheet pile foundation, cofferdam foundation, caisson foundation.
3.8
design working life
duration of the period for which a structure or a structural element is designed to perform as intended with
expected maintenance, but without major repair being necessary
3.9
deterministic seismic hazard analysis
seismic hazard analysis based on the selection of individual earthquake scenarios
3.10
dynamic analysis
analysis for computing the dynamic response of a system based on the equations of motion
3.11
earth pressure
pressure from soil on a wall or an embedded portion of a structure
3.12
earth structure
geotechnical work consisting primarily of soil or rock
EXAMPLES Earth and rockfill dams, and
...
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