ISO/DIS 4484-3
(Main)Textiles and textile products — Microplastics from textile sources — Part 3: Measurement of collected material mass released from textile end products by domestic washing method
Textiles and textile products — Microplastics from textile sources — Part 3: Measurement of collected material mass released from textile end products by domestic washing method
Textiles et produits textiles — Microplastiques d'origines textiles — Partie 3: Mesurage de la masse de matériaux collectés libérés par les produits finis textiles par la méthode de lavage domestique
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ISO/TC 38/SC N
Date: 2021-03
ISO DIS FDIS 4484-3:20212023(E)
ISO/TC 38/SC /WG 34
2023-01-13
Secretariat: SAC
Textiles and textile products — Microplastics from textile sources — Part 3:
Measurement of collected material mass released from textile end products by
domestic washing method
Textiles et produits textiles — Microplastiques d'origines textiles — Partie 3: Mesurage de
la masse de matériaux collectés libérés par les produits finis textiles par la méthode de
lavage domestique---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
© ISO 20222023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no
part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without
prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.ISO Copyright Office
CP 401 • CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org
Published in Switzerland.
ii © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ......................................................................................................................................................................... iv
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................... v
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Principle .............................................................................................................................................................. 2
5 Apparatus .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
6 Material and reagent ...................................................................................................................................... 2
7 Test condition ................................................................................................................................................... 3
8 Test specimen preparation .......................................................................................................................... 3
9 Test procedure ................................................................................................................................................. 3
10 Calculation.......................................................................................................................................................... 5
11 Repeatability and producibility ................................................................................................................. 5
12 Test report ......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Annex A (informative) Filter fabric specification and filter bag construction .......................................... 7
Annex B (normative) Requirements of the washing machine to be used in this test ............................. 9
Annex C (informative) Number of empty washing cycles after test washing .......................................... 12
Annex D (informative) Reference detergent ....................................................................................................... 13
Annex E (informative) The condition of the multiple washing cycle test and an example of
the test result ................................................................................................................................................. 14
Annex F (informative) Interlaboratory trial ...................................................................................................... 17
Annex G (informative) Number of test specimens ............................................................................................ 23
Annex H (informative) Collection percentage of the fibre fragments ....................................................... 26
Annex I (informative) Filter aperture size .......................................................................................................... 27
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 29
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directiveswww.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patentswww.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmlwww.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, in collaboration with the
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, Textiles and textile
products, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna
Agreement).A list of all parts in the ISO 4484 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found atwww.iso.org/members.htmlwww.iso.org/members.html.
iv © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Introduction
Daily washing of textile end products generates fibre fragments which are discharged from washing
machine. The purpose of this test method is to collect materials including fibre fragments which are
discharged from the domestic washing machine through the washing process.Although there are many types of washing machines used at home, ISO 6330 has been developed for the
domestic washing test method, which specifies the domestic washing machines and test conditions. This
document utilizes one of the standard washing machines in ISO 6330.In addition, a care label is attached to textile end products in many countries of the world and this care
label specifies washing conditions to use in this document.Due to the complicated internal structure of washing machines, theits cleaning process of the washing
machines is very important to avoid the effect of contamination of washing machine. This document
proposes the checking method and the requirements of the washing machine to be used in this document.
The identification and quantification of components contained in the collected materials through the
washing process will beis determined by applying ISO 4484-2.ThisThe information gathered from this document can be utilized by the textile industry for the
development of textile end products to reduce or minimize shedding materials from textile end products
through the washing process.The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that
compliance with this document may involve the use of a patent.ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right.
The holder of this patent right has assured ISO that he/she is willing to negotiate licences under
reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this
respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is registered with ISO. Information may be
obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights other than those in the patent database. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any
or all such patent rights.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved v
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FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Textiles and textile products — Microplastics from textile
sources — Part 3: Measurement of collected material mass
released from textile end products by the domestic washing
method
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for measurement ofmeasuring the collected material mass released
from the outlet hose of a standard washing machine, described in ISO 6330, through the washing process.
NOTE The washing condition of textile end products is indicated by the care labelling according to ISO 3758.
This document is applicable to textile end products which is(including consumer textile products, such
as clothing, such as made of fleece, shirts, trousers, blouse, etc.,.) and home textile end products, (such
as, blankets, rugs, curtains, etc.,.) which are composed of all fibres such as natural fibres, and man-made
fibres, including mixture of the fibres that can be washed in a domestic washing machine.
This document is not applicable to fabrics and cut textile products, and. It does not cover the test for
washing machines and detergents as well.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 139, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 3758, Textiles — Care labelling code using symbols
ISO 6330:2021, Textiles — Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing
3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obphttps://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1collected material
material collected by the filter attached at the outlet hose of a washing machine through the washing
process, which include fibre fragments and not non-water-soluble materials3.2
empty washing cycle
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
washing cycle without test specimens by using the test washing program
4 Principle
A given mass of textile end products is washed in a domestic washing machine under certain conditions
of temperature and mechanical conditions for a given number of washing cycles. The material shed
through the washing cycles is collected by usingin a filter bag which is attached at the outlet hose of the
washing machine. The collected materials by thein filter bag are transferred to the membrane filter and
the membrane filter with the collected materials are weighed in the weighing bottle. The membrane filter
and weighing bottle are prepared in combination. The mass of the collected materials is calculated by the
subtraction ofsubtracting the original mass of the membrane filter and weighing bottle from the mass
with the collected materials. The mass of collected materials, the ratio of the mass of the collected
materials and the test specimen mass and the ratio of the mass of the collected material and the number
of the test specimen are reported.5 Apparatus
5.1 Domestic washing machine, specified in ISO 6330, with built-in filters removed. The domestic
washing machine used to thisin document shall be metmeet the requirementrequirements in Annex B.
5.2 Filter bag, woven mesh, with aperture size of (10 ± 4) μm and; the specification for the materials and
the construction is described in Annex A. The aperture size of the filter is determined according to Annex
I.5.3 Analytical balance, with a resolution of 0,1 mg or better.
5.4 Balance, with a resolution of 1 g or better.
5.5 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of (105 ± 3) °C, without fan.
5.6 Cable ties, made of polyamide.
5.7 Polycarbonate membrane filter, approximately 47 mm in diameter with 10 µm aperture size.
Stainless steel filter is also applicable.5.8 Weighing bottle or dish, made of metal or glass, with a minimum diameter, approximately 47 mm,
with a lid.5.9 Vacuum filtration device, consisting of sintered filter platform and funnel, with vacuum pump.
5.10 Wash bottle, made of polyethylene or silicon resin, etc., squeezable and with nozzle.
5.11 Tweezers, made of stainless steel or plastics.5.12 Glass beaker, with a minimum capacity of 1 000 ml.
5.13 Desiccator, with drying agent.
6 Material and reagent
6.1 Water, distilled or grade 3 water according to ISO 3696.
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
7 Test condition
7.1 Standard atmosphere for preparation of test specimens and mass measurement
The standard atmosphere for test specimen preparation and mass measurement are at the temperature
of (20 ± 2) °C and the relative humidity of (65 ± 4) % according toin accordance with ISO 139.
7.2 Test atmosphere for washing testThe condition for the washing test is ambient condition.
8 Test specimen preparation
Only one kind of textile end products is applied in this washing test. Different kinds of textile end products
shall not be mixed in the washing test. The number of the test specimens per washing test (S ) is at least
two textile end products. The maximum dry volume of all test specimens per washing test shall be not
more than half of the volume of the washing tub.The washing test is repeated for three (3) sets.
The number of the test specimens can affect to the test result, which is shown in Annex G as an example.
The test specimens are conditioned according toin accordance with ISO 139. The total mass of the
conditioned test specimens (M )), which is measured by theusing a balance (5.4)), shall be up to 1 g and
reported in the test report.109 Test procedure
10.19.1 General
The washing machine used in this test shall meet the requirement described in Annex B. Once met the
requirement, the washing machine can be used continuously for the washing test.For the consecutive washing test, take a procedure from Clause 9.2.
The washing conditions of this test procedure is indicated by the care label attached to the textile end
products according toin accordance with ISO 3758. The details of the washing condition are referred to
ISO 6330.If the countries use their own care label system or care instruction system, set the washing condition
indicated by their system or if there is no label, run the washing program agreed among the interested
parties.10.29.2 Empty washing cycle before the washing test
Mount the filter bag (5.2) to the outlet hose of the domestic washing machine (5.1) and tie up by cable tie
(5.6). Run one washing cycle of the washing program without test specimens. The washing program is
the same as the washing test as Clause 9.3. After completion of the washing cycle, remove the filter bag
from outlet hose. Measure the mass of the collected materials by following the steps from Clause 9.4 to
9.5 and Clause 10 and report the mass of the collected materials from the empty washing cycle in the test
report. This is an information of the test washing machine condition.10.39.3 Washing test of the test specimen
Mount the filter bag (5.2) to the outlet hose of the domestic washing machine (5.1) and tie up by cable tie
(5.6). Put the test specimens into the washing tub and run one test washing cycle of the washing program.
The detergent may be used for washing test and the preferable detergent is introduced in Annex D.
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
When the multiple numbers of the test washing cycle are required, run the number of the washing cycles
as determined by the interested parties according to Annex E. An example of the results of the multiple
numbers of test washing cycles are shown in Annex E.After completion of the washing cycle, remove the test specimens from the washing tub.
Then, run 2 empty washing cycles by the same washing program.The number of empty washing cycles (2 empty washing cycles) after test washing was determined by the
results as shown in Annex C.After completion of the empty washing cycle, remove the filter bag from outlet hose.
nd rdFor the 2 and 3 sets of the test specimens, run the washing test in Clause 9.3.
10.49.4 Washing of the collected material from the filter bag
Prepare four (4) glass beakers (5.12) containing 1 l of water (6.1) separately. Wash the filter bags of
Clause 9.2 and 9.3 in the glass beakers by turning inside out the filter bags. The solution in the beaker is
the suspension solution of the collected materials.10.59.5 Measurement of the mass of the collected materials
Prepare four (4) polycarbonate membrane filters (5.7) and four (4) weighing bottles (5.8) in combination
and separately, it is essential to keep each membrane filter/weighing bottle combination consistent
throughout the duration of the test. Measure the mass of the original membrane filter (5.7) and a
weighing bottle (5.8)), respectively, and record them up to 0,1 mg and denoted as (M ).
Membrane filters (5.7) are handled by tweezers (5.11). The membrane filter (5.7) shall be kept in the
weighing bottle (5.8) to prevent contamination from the environment.Set the membrane filter (5.7) on a vacuum filtration device (5.9).
Filter the suspension solution of Clause 9.4 by the membrane filters on a vacuum filtration device (5.9).
Add 1 l of water (6.1) to the beaker and wash the filter bag again and filter the suspension solution by
the same membrane filter. Repeat this procedure at least twice. Finally, wash the surface of the filter bag
and the inside of the beaker by water (6.1) using a wash bottle (5.10), and this suspension solution is also
filtered by the same membrane filter.Place the membrane filter with collected materials into the original weighing bottle of Clause 9.5 in
combination and dry for 2 h at (105 ± 3) °C in the oven (5.5). Then place the weighing bottle with the
membrane filter and collected materials in desiccator (5.13) to cool down to the room temperature.
Condition the membrane filter with the collected materials and the weighing bottle under standard
atmospheres in Clause 7.1.Measure the mass of the conditioned membrane filter with the collected material and the weighing bottle
up to 0,1 mg by the analytical balance (5.3) and record the result as (M ).At this time, measure of the mass several times at intervals of 1 h or more. The mass is determined as the
weighed value that shows a difference compared to the former and subsequent measurements within
0,1 % of the subsequent value.1110 Calculation
11.110.1 Calculation for each test run
The mass of the collected materials, C in mg is calculated by the Formula (1).
C = = M – – M (1)
m f2 f1
where
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
C is the mass of the collected materials through the test washing process in mg;
M is the mass of the original membrane filter and weighing bottle in mg;M is the mass of the membrane filter with the collected materials and weighing bottle in mg;.
The mass of the collected material per textile end product (C ) in mg per product is calculated by
Formula (2).C = = C / / S (2)
mp m n
where
C is the mass of the collected materials in mg/product;
C is the mass of the collected materials through the test washing process in mg;
S is the number of test specimens for one washing test;.The mass of the collected materials per the mass of the textile end products, C in mg/kg is calculated
by Formula (3).C = = (C × × 1 000) / / M (3)
mw m p
where
C is the mass of the collected materials per mass of textile end products in mg/kg;
C is the mass of the collected materials through the test washing process in mg;
M is the mass of test specimens in g;.11.210.2 Calculation of average for 3 test runs
Take averages of 3 test runs for C , C and C as the test results.
m mp mw
1211 Repeatability and reproducibility
The interlaboratory test according to this document is showngiven in Annex F.
1312 Test report
The test report shall include the following information:
a) a reference to this document, i.e. ISO 4484-3: 2023;
b) date of the test;
c) type of a washing machine and test conditions;
d) test method (number of washing cycles, etc.);
e) test environment conditions;
f) number of test specimen put into the washing tub;
g) total mass of the test specimens put into the washing tub;
h) the collected mass in the empty washing cycle before test washing;
i) the average mass of the collected materials through the test washing process;
j) the average mass of the collected materials per a textile end product;
k) the average mass of the collected materials per the mass of textile end products;
l) material, fibre, product construction, etc. of specimen tested;© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 5
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
m) any deviation from the procedure;
n) any unusual features observed;
o) if detergent is used, report the kind and amount of detergent.
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Annex A
(informative)
Filter fabric specification and filter bag construction
A.1 Fabric structure for filter bag
The image of the mesh fabric is shown in the Figure A.1 as an example and the product specification by
manufacturer is as follows:a) fibre material: 100 % polyamide monofilament yarn;
b) weave structure: 2/2 twill weave;
c) linear density (dtex): warp, 9, weft, 9;
d) number of threads per centimetre (T/cm): warp, 198, weft, 184;
e) mass per unit area (g/m ): 35.
Figure A.1 — Photo of a polyamide monofilament mesh filter as an example
A.2 Filter bag construction
This is an example of the filter bag construction. The other construction of the filter bag can be applied
for the purpose of the collecting the materials from the outlet hose of the washing machine.
a) Shape: Rectangular form.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 7
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
b) Bag dimension in mm: The longer side is approximately 600 mm and the shorter side is
approximately 90 mm which includes bonding allowance approximately 15 mm as shown in
Figure A.2 by dark thicker line.c) Bonding: The step for the formation of filter bag is shown in Figure A.2. The filter fabric is heat-cut in
rectangular fabric (key 1). The iron-on fusing tape with about 1 cm width is attached in two sides
(key 2). The fabric is folded in two (key 3) and adhered together by iron-on fusing tape (key 4) with
no gaps.How to use the iron-on fusing tape is given by the manufacturer’s instruction.
Dimensions in millimetres
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Key
1 fabric cut by heat-cutting
2 position for iron-on fusing tape with about 1 cm in width
3 centre line to be folded
4 finished filter bag shape
Figure A.2 — Example of filter bag construction
A.3 Filter checking
As for reuse ofreusing the filter bag, the filter surface condition should be checked by light microscope
whether there is no damage and no foreign materials. The example of inspection condition is as follows:
1) the magnification: x 40;2) the number of inspection points: 100;
3) the criteria for reusable: no damage and no foreign materials comparing with new filter bag.
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Annex B
(normative)
Requirements of the washing machine to be used in this test
B.1 General
The domestic washing machines used for this test shall meet the requirement described in this Annex
Bannex.B.2 Empty washing test procedure
B.2.1 Mount the filter bag (5.2) to the outlet hose of the washing machine (5.1) and tie up by cable tie
(5.6).B.2.2 Run one empty washing cycle of the washing program which shall be 4N according to ISO 6330:
2021 or equivalent.B.2.3 After completion of the empty washing cycle, remove the filter bag from the outlet hose.
B.2.4 Wash the collected materials from the filter bag according to Clause 9.4. Measure and calculate
the mass of collected materials (C ) from each empty washing cycle according to Clause 9.5 and Clause
10.B.2.5 Repeat to run the numbers of the empty washing cycles from Clause B.2.1 to B.2.4 by three (3)
empty washing cycle or more.B.2.6 Calculate CV (%) using the C values for the consecutive 3 cycles.
B.3 Requirements of the test washing machine to be used for this test
The coefficient of variation CV (%) of the mass of the collected materials is required to be 10 % or less
for three consecutive empty washing cycles, or the C shall be 1,0 mg or less three times in a row. The
flow of the procedure is shown in Figure B.1Repeat the empty washing cycle until the requirement is achieved. If the washing machine cannot meet
the requirements after numbers of the empty washing cycle, the washing machine is considered as
unsuitable for this washing test.If the washing machine is heavily soiled, it may be washed with a cleaning agent recommended by the
washing machine manufacturer.10 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Figure B.1 — — Flowchart of checking of the washing machine to be used in this test
B.4 Example of the empty washing test resultThe example of the empty washing test result is shown in Table B.1. As shown in Table B.1, the CV (%)
becomes 10 % or less after 5 cleaning washing.Table B.1 — One example of empty washing test result
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Remarks
Coefficient
Standard
No. of Total collected Running
of variation
deviation (Data used
cleanings mass (mg) mean
(SD)
CV (%)
for mean and SD)
1 1,34 -— -— -— —
-— -— -— —
2 1,15
rd st nd rd
1 , 2 , 3
3 0,75 1,080 0,301 27,9
th nd rd th
4 0,84 0,913 0,210 23,0 2 , 3 , 4
rd th th
5 0,75 0,780 0,052 6,7 3 , 4 , 5
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Annex C
(informative)
Number of empty washing cycles after test washing
C.1 General
From this test, the number of the empty washing cycles after the test washing cycle of the specimens was
determined. Test specimens are shown in Table C.1.Table C.1 — Details of test specimens
Specimen name and Mass of
Specimen No. Composition
structure spe
...
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 4484-3
ISO/TC 38
Textiles and textile products —
Secretariat: SAC
Microplastics from textile sources —
Voting begins on:
2023-01-30
Part 3:
Voting terminates on:
Measurement of collected material
2023-03-27
mass released from textile end
products by domestic washing method
Textiles et produits textiles — Microplastiques d'origines textiles —
Partie 3: Mesurage de la masse de matériaux collectés libérés par les
produits finis textiles par la méthode de lavage domestique
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 4484-3
ISO/TC 38
Textiles and textile products —
Secretariat: SAC
Microplastics from textile sources —
Voting begins on:
Part 3:
Voting terminates on:
Measurement of collected material
mass released from textile end
products by domestic washing method
Textiles et produits textiles — Microplastiques d'origines textiles —
Partie 3: Mesurage de la masse de matériaux collectés libérés par les
produits finis textiles par la méthode de lavage domestique
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ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
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be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
ISO copyright office
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
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DOCUMENTATION.
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BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
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Website: www.iso.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
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LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
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© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2
5 Apparatus .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
6 Material and reagent ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
7 Test condition ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................3
7.1 Standard atmosphere for preparation of test specimens and mass measurement .................. 3
7.2 Test atmosphere for washing test ......................................................................................................................................... 3
8 Test specimen preparation ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3
9 Test procedure .......................................................................................................................................................................................................3
9.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
9.2 Empty washing cycle before the washing test ........................................................................................................... 3
9.3 Washing test of the test specimen ......... ................................................................................................................................ 4
9.4 Washing of the collected material from the filter bag......................................................................................... 4
9.5 Measurement of the mass of the collected materials ........................................................................................... 4
10 Calculation .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
10.1 Calculation for each test run ...................................................................................................................................................... 5
10.2 Calculation of average for 3 test runs ................................................................................................................................ 5
11 Repeatability and reproducibility ....................................................................................................................................................5
12 Test report .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Annex A (informative) Filter fabric specification and filter bag construction .......................................................7
Annex B (normative) Requirements of the washing machine to be used in this test ......................................9
Annex C (informative) Number of empty washing cycles after test washing ........................................................12
Annex D (informative) Reference detergent ............................................................................................................................................13
Annex E (informative) Condition of the multiple washing cycle test and example of the test
result ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................14
Annex F (informative) Interlaboratory trial ............................................................................................................................................17
Annex G (informative) Number of test specimens .............................................................................................................................22
Annex H (informative) Collection percentage of the fibre fragments ..........................................................................25
Annex I (informative) Filter aperture size .................................................................................................................................................26
Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................28
iii© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, in collaboration with the
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, Textiles and textile
products, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna
Agreement).A list of all parts in the ISO 4484 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Introduction
Daily washing of textile end products generates fibre fragments which are discharged from washing
machine. The purpose of this test method is to collect materials including fibre fragments which are
discharged from the domestic washing machine through the washing process.Although there are many types of washing machines used at home, ISO 6330 has been developed for
the domestic washing test method, which specifies the domestic washing machines and test conditions.
This document utilizes one of the standard washing machines in ISO 6330.In addition, a care label is attached to textile end products in many countries of the world and this care
label specifies washing conditions to use in this document.Due to the complicated internal structure of washing machines, its cleaning process is very important
to avoid contamination. This document proposes the checking method and the requirements of the
washing machine to be used in this document.The identification and quantification of components contained in the collected materials through the
washing process is determined by applying ISO 4484-2.The information gathered from this document can be utilized by the textile industry for the development
of textile end products to reduce or minimize shedding materials from textile end products through the
washing process.The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed
that compliance with this document may involve the use of a patent.ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right.
The holder of this patent right has assured ISO that he/she is willing to negotiate licences under
reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In
this respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is registered with ISO. Information may be
obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights other than those in the patent database. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying
any or all such patent rights.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Textiles and textile products — Microplastics from textile
sources —
Part 3:
Measurement of collected material mass released from
textile end products by domestic washing method
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for measuring the collected material mass released from the outlet
hose of a standard washing machine, described in ISO 6330, through the washing process.
NOTE The washing condition of textile end products is indicated by the care labelling according to ISO 3758.
This document is applicable to textile end products (including consumer textile products, such as
clothing made of fleece, shirts, trousers, blouse, etc.) and home textile end products (such as, blankets,
rugs, curtains, etc.) which are composed of all fibres such as natural fibres, and man-made fibres,
including mixture of the fibres that can be washed in a domestic washing machine.
This document is not applicable to fabrics and cut textile products. It does not cover the test for washing
machines and detergents as well.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 139, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 3758, Textiles — Care labelling code using symbols
ISO 6330:2021, Textiles — Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing
3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
collected material
material collected by the filter attached at the outlet hose of a washing machine through the washing
process, which include fibre fragments and non-water-soluble materials© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
3.2
empty washing cycle
washing cycle without test specimens by using the test washing program
4 Principle
A given mass of textile end products is washed in a domestic washing machine under certain
temperature and mechanical conditions for a given number of washing cycles. The material shed
through the washing cycles is collected in a filter bag which is attached at the outlet hose of the
washing machine. The collected materials in filter bag are transferred to the membrane filter and the
membrane filter with the collected materials are weighed in the weighing bottle. The membrane filter
and weighing bottle are prepared in combination. The mass of the collected materials is calculated by
the subtracting the original mass of the membrane filter and weighing bottle from the mass with the
collected materials. The mass of collected materials, the ratio of the mass of the collected materials and
the test specimen mass and the ratio of the mass of the collected material and the number of the test
specimen are reported.5 Apparatus
5.1 Domestic washing machine, specified in ISO 6330, with built-in filters removed. The domestic
washing machine used in document shall meet the requirements in Annex B.5.2 Filter bag, woven mesh, with aperture size of (10 ± 4) μm; the specification for the materials
and the construction is described in Annex A. The aperture size of the filter is determined according to
Annex I.5.3 Analytical balance, with a resolution of 0,1 mg or better.
5.4 Balance, with a resolution of 1 g or better.
5.5 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of (105 ± 3) °C, without fan.
5.6 Cable ties, made of polyamide.
5.7 Polycarbonate membrane filter, approximately 47 mm in diameter with 10 µm aperture size.
Stainless steel filter is also applicable.5.8 Weighing bottle or dish, made of metal or glass, with a minimum diameter, approximately
47 mm, with a lid.5.9 Vacuum filtration device, consisting of sintered filter platform and funnel, with vacuum pump.
5.10 Wash bottle, made of polyethylene or silicon resin, etc., squeezable and with nozzle.
5.11 Tweezers, made of stainless steel or plastics.5.12 Glass beaker, with a minimum capacity of 1 000 ml.
5.13 Desiccator, with drying agent.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
6 Material and reagent
6.1 Water, distilled or grade 3 water according to ISO 3696.
7 Test condition
7.1 Standard atmosphere for preparation of test specimens and mass measurement
The standard atmosphere for test specimen preparation and mass measurement are at the temperature
of (20 ± 2) °C and the relative humidity of (65 ± 4) % in accordance with ISO 139.
7.2 Test atmosphere for washing testThe condition for the washing test is ambient condition.
8 Test specimen preparation
Only one kind of textile end products is applied in this washing test. Different kinds of textile end
products shall not be mixed in the washing test. The number of the test specimens per washing test (S )
is at least two textile end products. The maximum dry volume of all test specimens per washing test
shall be not more than half of the volume of the washing tub.The washing test is repeated for three (3) sets.
The number of the test specimens can affect the test result, which is shown in Annex G as an example.
The test specimens are conditioned in accordance with ISO 139. The total mass of the conditioned test
specimens (M ), which is measured using a balance (5.4), shall be up to 1 g and reported in the test
report.9 Test procedure
9.1 General
The washing machine used in this test shall meet the requirement described in Annex B. Once met the
requirement, the washing machine can be used continuously for the washing test.For the consecutive washing test, take a procedure from 9.2.
The washing conditions of this test procedure is indicated by the care label attached to the textile end
products in accordance with ISO 3758. The details of the washing condition are referred to ISO 6330.
If the countries use their own care label system or care instruction system, set the washing condition
indicated by their system or if there is no label, run the washing program agreed among the interested
parties.9.2 Empty washing cycle before the washing test
Mount the filter bag (5.2) to the outlet hose of the domestic washing machine (5.1) and tie up by cable
tie (5.6). Run one washing cycle of the washing program without test specimens. The washing program
is the same as the washing test as 9.3. After completion of the washing cycle, remove the filter bag
from outlet hose. Measure the mass of the collected materials by following the steps from 9.4 to 9.5
and Clause 10 and report the mass of the collected materials from the empty washing cycle in the test
report. This is an information of the test washing machine condition.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
9.3 Washing test of the test specimen
Mount the filter bag (5.2) to the outlet hose of the domestic washing machine (5.1) and tie up by cable
tie (5.6). Put the test specimens into the washing tub and run one test washing cycle of the washing
program.The detergent may be used for washing test and the preferable detergent is introduced in Annex D.
When the multiple numbers of the test washing cycle are required, run the number of the washing
cycles as determined by the interested parties according to Annex E. An example of the results of the
multiple numbers of test washing cycles are shown in Annex E.After completion of the washing cycle, remove the test specimens from the washing tub.
Then, run 2 empty washing cycles by the same washing program.The number of empty washing cycles (2 empty washing cycles) after test washing was determined by
the results as shown in Annex C.After completion of the empty washing cycle, remove the filter bag from outlet hose.
nd rdFor the 2 and 3 sets of the test specimens, run the washing test in 9.3.
9.4 Washing of the collected material from the filter bag
Prepare four (4) glass beakers (5.12) containing 1 l of water (6.1) separately. Wash the filter bags of
9.2 and 9.3 in the glass beakers by turning inside out the filter bags. The solution in the beaker is the
suspension solution of the collected materials.9.5 Measurement of the mass of the collected materials
Prepare four (4) polycarbonate membrane filters (5.7) and four (4) weighing bottles (5.8) in
combination and separately, it is essential to keep each membrane filter/weighing bottle combination
consistent throughout the duration of the test. Measure the mass of the original membrane filter (5.7)
and a weighing bottle (5.8), respectively, and record them up to 0,1 mg and denoted as (M ).
Membrane filters (5.7) are handled by tweezers (5.11). The membrane filter (5.7) shall be kept in the
weighing bottle (5.8) to prevent contamination from the environment.Set the membrane filter (5.7) on a vacuum filtration device (5.9).
Filter the suspension solution of 9.4 by the membrane filters on a vacuum filtration device (5.9). Add 1 l
of water (6.1) to the beaker and wash the filter bag again and filter the suspension solution by the same
membrane filter. Repeat this procedure at least twice. Finally, wash the surface of the filter bag and
the inside of the beaker by water (6.1) using a wash bottle (5.10), and this suspension solution is also
filtered by the same membrane filter.Place the membrane filter with collected materials into the original weighing bottle of 9.5 in combination
and dry for 2 h at (105 ± 3) °C in the oven (5.5). Then place the weighing bottle with the membrane filter
and collected materials in desiccator (5.13) to cool down to the room temperature.
Condition the membrane filter with the collected materials and the weighing bottle under standard
atmospheres in 7.1.Measure the mass of the conditioned membrane filter with the collected material and the weighing
bottle up to 0,1 mg by the analytical balance (5.3) and record the result as (M ).
At this time, measure of the mass several times at intervals of 1 h or more. The mass is determined
as the weighed value that shows a difference compared to the former and subsequent measurements
within 0,1 % of the subsequent value.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
10 Calculation
10.1 Calculation for each test run
The mass of the collected materials, C in mg is calculated by the Formula (1).
C = M – M (1)
m f2 f1
where
C is the mass of the collected materials through the test washing process in mg;
M is the mass of the original membrane filter and weighing bottle in mg;M is the mass of the membrane filter with the collected materials and weighing bottle in mg.
The mass of the collected material per textile end product (C ) in mg per product is calculated by
Formula (2).C = C / S (2)
mp m n
where
C is the mass of the collected materials in mg/product;
C is the mass of the collected materials through the test washing process in mg;
S is the number of test specimens for one washing test.The mass of the collected materials per the mass of the textile end products, C in mg/kg is calculated
by Formula (3).C = (C × 1 000) / M (3)
mw m p
where
C is the mass of the collected materials per mass of textile end products in mg/kg;
C is the mass of the collected materials through the test washing process in mg;
M is the mass of test specimens in g.10.2 Calculation of average for 3 test runs
Take averages of 3 test runs for C , C and C as the test results.
m mp mw
11 Repeatability and reproducibility
The interlaboratory test according to this document is given in Annex F.
12 Test report
The test report shall include the following information:
a) a reference to this document, i.e. ISO 4484-3:2023;
b) date of the test;
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
c) type of a washing machine and test conditions;
d) test method (number of washing cycles, etc.);
e) test environment conditions;
f) number of test specimen put into the washing tub;
g) total mass of the test specimens put into the washing tub;
h) the collected mass in the empty washing cycle before test washing;
i) the average mass of the collected materials through the test washing process;
j) the average mass of the collected materials per a textile end product;
k) the average mass of the collected materials per the mass of textile end products;
l) material, fibre, product construction, etc. of specimen tested;m) any deviation from the procedure;
n) any unusual features observed;
o) if detergent is used, report the kind and amount of detergent.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Annex A
(informative)
Filter fabric specification and filter bag construction
A.1 Fabric structure for filter bag
The image of the mesh fabric is shown in the Figure A.1 as an example and the product specification by
manufacturer is as follows:a) fibre material: 100 % polyamide monofilament yarn;
b) weave structure: 2/2 twill weave;
c) linear density (dtex): warp, 9, weft, 9;
d) number of threads per centimetre (T/cm): warp, 198, weft, 184;
e) mass per unit area (g/m ): 35.
Figure A.1 — Photo of a polyamide monofilament mesh filter as an example
A.2 Filter bag construction
This is an example of the filter bag construction. The other construction of the filter bag can be applied
for the purpose of the collecting the materials from the outlet hose of the washing machine.
a) Shape: Rectangular form.b) Bag dimension in mm: The longer side is approximately 600 mm and the shorter side is
approximately 90 mm which includes bonding allowance approximately 15 mm as shown in
Figure A.2 by dark thicker line.c) Bonding: The step for the formation of filter bag is shown in Figure A.2. The filter fabric is heat-
cut in rectangular fabric (key 1). The iron-on fusing tape with about 1 cm width is attached in
two sides (key 2). The fabric is folded in two (key 3) and adhered together by iron-on fusing tape
(key 4) with no gaps.How to use the iron-on fusing tape is given by the manufacturer’s instruction.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 fabric cut by heat-cutting
2 position for iron-on fusing tape with about 1 cm in width
3 centre line to be folded
4 finished filter bag shape
Figure A.2 — Example of filter bag construction
A.3 Filter checking
As for reusing the filter bag, the filter surface condition should be checked by light microscope whether
there is no damage and no foreign materials. The example of inspection condition is as follows:
1) the magnification: x 40;2) the number of inspection points: 100;
3) the criteria for reusable: no damage and no foreign materials comparing with new filter bag.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved...
PROJET
NORME ISO/FDIS
FINAL
INTERNATIONALE 4484-3
ISO/TC 38
Textiles et produits textiles —
Secrétariat: SAC
Microplastiques d'origines textiles —
Début de vote:
2023-01-30
Partie 3:
Vote clos le:
Mesurage de la masse de matériaux
2023-03-27
collectés libérés par les produits finis
textiles par la méthode de lavage
domestique
Textiles and textile products — Microplastics from textile sources —
Part 3: Measurement of collected material mass released from textile
end products by domestic washing method
TRAITEMENT PARALLÈLE ISO/CEN
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET SONT
INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSER-
VATIONS, NOTIFICATION DES DROITS DE PRO-
PRIÉTÉ DONT ILS AURAIENT ÉVENTUELLEMENT
CONNAISSANCE ET À FOURNIR UNE DOCUMEN-
TATION EXPLICATIVE.
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES FINS
INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET COM-
Numéro de référence
MERCIALES, AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
DES UTILISATEURS, LES PROJETS DE NORMES
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE
CONSIDÉRÉS DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR POSSI-
BILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES NORMES POUVANT
SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA RÉGLEMENTA-
TION NATIONALE. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
PROJET
NORME ISO/FDIS
FINAL
INTERNATIONALE 4484-3
ISO/TC 38
Textiles et produits textiles —
Secrétariat: SAC
Microplastiques d'origines textiles —
Début de vote:
2023-01-30
Partie 3:
Vote clos le:
Mesurage de la masse de matériaux
2023-03-27
collectés libérés par les produits finis
textiles par la méthode de lavage
domestique
Textiles and textile products — Microplastics from textile sources —
Part 3: Measurement of collected material mass released from textile
end products by domestic washing method
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2023
TRAITEMENT PARALLÈLE ISO/CEN
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
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INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSER-VATIONS, NOTIFICATION DES DROITS DE PRO-
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
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INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET COM-
Numéro de référence
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MERCIALES, AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
Web: www.iso.org
DES UTILISATEURS, LES PROJETS DE NORMES
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE
Publié en Suisse
CONSIDÉRÉS DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR POSSI-
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SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA RÉGLEMENTA-
© ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés
TION NATIONALE. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Domaine d’application ................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Références normatives ..................................................................................................................................................................................1
3 Termes et définitions ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Principe.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
5 Appareillage .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2
6 Matériau et réactif ........................................................................................................................................... ...................................................3
7 Condition d’essai .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
7.1 Atmosphère normale pour la préparation des éprouvettes d’essai et le mesurage
de la masse ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
7.2 Atmosphère d’essai pour l’essai de lavage ..................................................................................................................... 3
8 Préparation des éprouvettes d’essai .............................................................................................................................................. 3
9 Mode opératoire d’essai ............................................................................................................................................................................... 3
9.1 Généralités ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
9.2 Cycle de lavage à vide avant l’essai de lavage .............................................................................................................. 4
9.3 Essai de lavage de l’éprouvette d’essai .............................................................................................................................. 4
9.4 Lavage des matériaux collectés par le sac filtrant .................................................................................................. 4
9.5 Mesurage de la masse des matériaux collectés ......................................................................................................... 4
10 Calcul ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5
10.1 Calcul pour chaque essai ............................................................................................................................................................... 5
10.2 Calcul de la moyenne des 3 essais ......................................................................................................................................... 5
11 Répétabilité et reproductibilité ........................................................................................................................................................... 6
12 Rapport d’essai ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Annexe A (informative) Spécification de l’étoffe et construction du sac filtrant .................................................7
Annexe B (normative) Exigences concernant la machine à laver à utiliser pour cet essai ........................9
Annexe C (informative) Nombre de cycles de lavage à vide après le lavage d’essai .......................................12
Annexe D (informative) Détergent de référence ..................................................................................................................................13
Annexe E (informative) Condition de l’essai à plusieurs cycles de lavage et exemple de
résultat d’essai ....................................................................................................................................................................................................14
Annexe F (informative) Essai interlaboratoires ...................................................................................................................................17
Annexe G (informative) Nombre d’éprouvettes d’essai ................................................................................................................22
Annexe H (informative) Pourcentage de collecte des fragments de fibre ................................................................25
Annexe I (informative) Ouverture de maille du filtre ....................................................................................................................26
Bibliographie ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................28
iii© ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document
a été rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2
(voir www.iso.org/directives).L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l’ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion
de l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: www.iso.org/iso/fr/avant-propos.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 38, Textiles, en collaboration avec le
comité technique CEN/TC 248, Textiles et produits textiles, du Comité européen de normalisation (CEN),
conformément à l’Accord de coopération technique entre l’ISO et le CEN (Accord de Vienne).
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 4484 se trouve sur le site web de l’ISO.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes
se trouve à l’adresse www.iso.org/fr/members.html.© ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
Introduction
Le lavage quotidien des produits finis textiles génère des fragments de fibre qui sont évacués du lave-
linge. La présente méthode d’essai vise à collecter les matériaux incluant des fragments de fibre qui
sont évacués du lave-linge domestique lors du processus de lavage.Même si les lave-linges utilisés à domicile sont de types très divers, l’ISO 6330 a été élaborée pour
spécifier la méthode d’essai de lavage domestique, laquelle définit les machines à laver domestiques
et les conditions d’essai. Le présent document recourt à l’une des machines à laver normalisées de
l’ISO 6330.En outre, une étiquette d’entretien est apposée sur les produits finis textiles dans bon nombre de pays
à travers le monde et cette étiquette d’entretien spécifie les conditions de lavage à utiliser dans le cadre
du présent document.En raison de la structure interne complexe des machines à laver, le processus de nettoyage de la
machine est un aspect très important pour éviter une contamination. Le présent document indique
la méthode de vérification et les exigences concernant la machine à laver à utiliser dans le cadre du
présent document.L’identification et la quantification de composés contenus dans les matériaux collectés lors du processus
de lavage sont déterminées en appliquant l’ISO 4484-2.Les informations recueillies à l’aide du présent document peuvent être utilisées par l’industrie textile
dans le cadre du développement de produits finis textiles afin de limiter ou de réduire le plus possible
les pertes de matières des produits finis textiles lors du processus de lavage.L’Organisation internationale de normalisation (ISO) attire l’attention sur le fait qu’il est déclaré que la
conformité avec les dispositions du présent document peut impliquer l’utilisation d’un brevet.
L’ISO ne prend pas position quant à la preuve, à la validité et à la portée de ces droits de propriété.
Le détenteur de ces droits de propriété a donné l’assurance à l’ISO qu’il consent à négocier des licences
avec des demandeurs du monde entier à des termes et conditions raisonnables et non discriminatoires.
À ce propos, la déclaration du détenteur des droits de propriété est enregistrée à l’ISO. Des informations
peuvent être obtenues dans la base de données des droits de propriété, disponible à l’adresse suivante:
www.iso.org/patents.L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété autres que ceux figurant dans la base de données des brevets. L’ISO ne saurait être
tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de brevets.© ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés
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PROJET FINAL DE NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
Textiles et produits textiles — Microplastiques d'origines
textiles —
Partie 3:
Mesurage de la masse de matériaux collectés libérés
par les produits finis textiles par la méthode de lavage
domestique
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document spécifie une méthode de mesurage de la masse de matériaux collectés libérés en
sortie du tuyau d’évacuation d’une machine à laver normalisée conforme à l’ISO 6330 lors du processus
de lavage.NOTE Les conditions de lavage des produits finis textiles sont indiquées par l’étiquetage d’entretien
conformément à l’ISO 3758.Le présent document est applicable aux produits finis textiles (incluant les produits textiles destinés
aux consommateurs, tels que les vêtements molletonnés, chemises, pantalons, chemisiers, etc.) et aux
produits finis textiles domestiques (tels que les couvertures, tapis, rideaux, etc.) confectionnés à partir
de fibres de tous types telles que des fibres naturelles et les fibres chimiques, y compris un mélange des
fibres, qui peuvent être lavés dans un lave-linge domestique.Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux étoffes et produits textiles découpés. Il ne couvre pas non
plus l’essai des lave-linges et des détergents.2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique.
Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s’applique (y compris les
éventuels amendements).ISO 139, Textiles — Atmosphères normales de conditionnement et d'essai
ISO 3696, Eau pour laboratoire à usage analytique — Spécification et méthodes d'essai
ISO 3758, Textiles — Code d’étiquetage d’entretien au moyen de symbolesISO 6330:2021, Textiles — Méthodes de lavage et de séchage domestiques en vue des essais des textiles
3 Termes et définitionsPour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp;
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .electropedia .org/ .© ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
3.1
matériaux collectés
matériaux collectés par le filtre fixé au niveau du tuyau d’évacuation d’une machine à laver lors du
processus de lavage, qui incluent des fragments de fibre et autres matériaux non solubles dans l’eau
3.2cycle de lavage à vide
cycle de lavage sans éprouvette d’essai réalisé en utilisant le programme de lavage d’essai
4 PrincipeUne masse donnée de produits finis textiles est lavée dans une machine à laver domestique sous
certaines conditions de température et mécaniques pendant un nombre donné de cycles de lavage.
Les matériaux perdus lors des cycles de lavage sont collectés dans un sac filtrant qui est fixé au niveau
du tuyau d’évacuation de la machine à laver. Les matériaux collectés dans le sac filtrant sont transférés
sur une membrane filtrante puis la membrane filtrante avec les matériaux collectés sont pesés dans le
flacon de pesée. La membrane filtrante et le flacon de pesée sont préparés conjointement. La masse des
matériaux collectés est calculée en soustrayant la masse initiale de la membrane filtrante et du flacon
de pesée de la masse relevée en présence des matériaux collectés. La masse des matériaux collectés,
le rapport de la masse des matériaux collectés sur la masse de l’éprouvette d’essai et le rapport de la
masse des matériaux collectés sur le nombre d’éprouvettes d’essai sont consignés.
5 Appareillage5.1 Machine à laver domestique, spécifiée dans l’ISO 6330, dont les filtres intégrés ont été retirés.
La machine à laver domestique utilisée dans le cadre du présent document doit satisfaire aux exigences
de l’Annexe B.5.2 Sac filtrant, en tissu, avec une ouverture de maille de (10 ± 4) μm; la spécification concernant
les matériaux et la construction est donnée à l’Annexe A. L’ouverture de maille du sac filtrant est
déterminée conformément à l’Annexe I.5.3 Balance analytique, d’une résolution de 0,1 mg ou mieux.
5.4 Balance, d’une résolution de 1 g ou mieux.
5.5 Étuve, pouvant maintenir une température de (105 ± 3) °C, sans ventilation.
5.6 Serre-câbles, en polyamide.
5.7 Membrane filtrante en polycarbonate, d’environ 47 mm de diamètre et d’une ouverture de
maille de 10 µm. Un filtre en acier inoxydable est également applicable.5.8 Flacon ou coupelle de pesée, en métal ou en verre, d’un diamètre minimal d’environ 47 mm,
avec couvercle.5.9 Dispositif de filtration sous vide, se composant d’une plateforme de filtration à fritté et d’un
entonnoir, avec pompe à vide.5.10 Pissette, en polyéthylène ou en résine de silicone, etc., compressible et avec buse.
5.11 Brucelles, en acier inoxydable ou en plastique.© ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
5.12 Bécher en verre, d’une contenance d’au minimum 1 000 ml.
5.13 Dessiccateur, avec agent de dessiccation.
6 Matériau et réactif
6.1 Eau, distillée ou eau de qualité 3 conformément à l’ISO 3696.
7 Condition d’essai
7.1 Atmosphère normale pour la préparation des éprouvettes d’essai et le mesurage de
la masseLa température et l’humidité relative de l’atmosphère normale pour la préparation des éprouvettes
d’essai et le mesurage de la masse sont de (20 ± 2) °C et de (65 ± 4) % HR conformément à l’ISO 139.
7.2 Atmosphère d’essai pour l’essai de lavageLa condition pour l’essai de lavage est la condition ambiante.
8 Préparation des éprouvettes d’essai
Un seul type de produits finis textiles est appliqué pour cet essai de lavage. Il ne faut pas mélanger
différents types de produits finis textiles dans un même essai de lavage. Le nombre d’éprouvettes
d’essai par essai de lavage (S ) est d’au moins deux produits finis textiles. Le volume à sec maximal de
toutes les éprouvettes d’essai par essai de lavage ne doit pas dépasser la moitié du volume du tambour
de lavage.L’essai de lavage est répété sur trois (3) lots.
Le nombre d’éprouvettes d’essai peut avoir une incidence sur le résultat d’essai comme cela est présenté
à l’Annexe G à titre d’exemple.Les éprouvettes d’essai sont conditionnées conformément à l’ISO 139. La masse totale des éprouvettes
d’essai conditionnées (M ), qui est mesurée à l’aide d’une balance (5.4), doit être déterminée à 1 g près
et être consignée dans le rapport d’essai.9 Mode opératoire d’essai
9.1 Généralités
La machine à laver utilisée dans le cadre de cet essai doit satisfaire aux exigences données à l’Annexe B.
Ces exigences satisfaites, la machine à laver peut être utilisée continuellement pour l’essai de lavage.
Pour l’essai de lavage suivant, suivre le mode opératoire à partir de 9.2.Les conditions de lavage de ce mode opératoire d’essai sont indiquées par l’étiquette d’entretien
apposée sur les produits finis textiles conformément à l’ISO 3758. Les détails des conditions de lavage
sont donnés dans l’ISO 6330.Si les pays utilisent leur propre système d’étiquette d’entretien ou système d’instructions d’entretien,
appliquer les conditions de lavage indiquées par leur système ou en l’absence d’étiquette, suivre le
programme de lavage fixé d’un commun accord entre les parties intéressées.© ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
9.2 Cycle de lavage à vide avant l’essai de lavage
Installer le sac filtrant (5.2) sur le tuyau d’évacuation de la machine à laver domestique (5.1) et le fixer
à l’aide d’un serre-câble (5.6). Lancer un seul cycle de lavage du programme de lavage sans éprouvette
d’essai. Le programme de lavage est le même que celui de l’essai de lavage en 9.3. À l’issue du cycle de
lavage, retirer le sac filtrant du tuyau d’évacuation. Mesurer la masse des matériaux collectés en suivant
les étapes de 9.4 à 9.5 et l’Article 10 et consigner la masse des matériaux collectés lors du cycle de lavage
à vide dans le rapport d’essai. Cela donne une indication sur l’état de la machine à laver d’essai.
9.3 Essai de lavage de l’éprouvette d’essaiInstaller le sac filtrant (5.2) sur le tuyau d’évacuation de la machine à laver domestique (5.1) et le fixer
à l’aide d’un serre-câble (5.6). Introduire les éprouvettes d’essai dans le tambour de lavage et lancer un
seul cycle de lavage du programme de lavage.Le détergent peut être utilisé pendant l’essai de lavage et le détergent conseillé est présenté à l’Annexe D.
Lorsque plusieurs cycles de lavage d’essai sont requis, lancer le nombre de cycles de lavage déterminé
par les parties intéressées conformément à l’Annexe E. Un exemple de résultats obtenus avec plusieurs
cycles de lavage est présenté à l’Annexe E.À l’issue du cycle de lavage, retirer les éprouvettes d’essai du tambour de lavage.
Ensuite, lancer deux cycles de lavage à vide avec le même programme de lavage.Le nombre de cycles de lavage à vide (deux cycles de lavage à vide) après l’essai de lavage a été déterminé
par les résultats présentés à l’Annexe C.À l’issue du cycle de lavage à vide, retirer le sac filtrant du tuyau d’évacuation.
e ePour les 2 et 3 lots d’éprouvettes d’essai, réaliser l’essai de lavage en 9.3.
9.4 Lavage des matériaux collectés par le sac filtrant
Préparer quatre (4) béchers en verre (5.12) contenant 1 l d’eau (6.1) chacun. Laver les sacs filtrants de
9.2 et 9.3 dans les béchers en verre en retournant les sacs filtrants à l’envers. La solution dans le bécher
est la solution de suspension des matériaux collectés.9.5 Mesurage de la masse des matériaux collectés
Préparer quatre (4) membranes filtrantes en polycarbonate (5.7) et quatre (4) flacons de pesée (5.8)
conjointement et séparément, il est crucial de conserver la même combinaison de membrane filtrante/
flacon de pesée tout au long de l’essai. Mesurer respectivement la masse de la membrane filtrante de
départ (5.7) et d’un flacon de pesée (5.8), et les enregistrer à 0,1 mg près en tant que (M ).
Les membranes filtrantes (5.7) sont manipulées à l’aide de brucelles (5.11). La membrane filtrante (5.7)
doit être conservée dans le flacon de pesée (5.8) pour éviter une contamination par l’environnement.
Placer la membrane filtrante (5.7) sur un dispositif de filtration sous vide (5.9).
Filtrer la solution de suspension de 9.4 sur les membranes filtrantes sur un dispositif de filtration sous
vide (5.9). Introduire 1 l d’eau (6.1) dans le bécher, y rincer à nouveau le sac filtrant et filtrer la solution
de suspension sur la même membrane filtrante. Répéter ce mode opératoire au moins deux fois. Enfin,
rincer la surface du sac filtrant et l’intérieur du bécher avec de l’eau (6.1) à l’aide d’une pissette (5.10) et
filtrer également cette solution de suspension sur la même membrane filtrante.Introduire la membrane filtrante avec les matériaux collectés dans le flacon de pesée d’origine de 9.5
qui lui est associé et sécher pendant 2 h à (105 ± 3) °C dans l’étuve (5.5). Introduire ensuite le flacon
de pesée avec la membrane filtrante et les matériaux collectés dans un dessiccateur (5.13) et laisser
refroidir à la température ambiante.© ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
Conditionner la membrane filtrante avec les matériaux collectés et le flacon de pesée dans une
atmosphère normale décrite en 7.1.Mesurer la masse de la membrane filtrante avec les matériaux collectés et du flacon de pesée conditionnés
à 0,1 mg près à l’aide de la balance analytique (5.3) et enregistrer le résultat en tant que (M ).
À cette étape, relever la masse plusieurs fois à intervalles de 1 h ou plus. La masse est déterminée
comme étant la masse pesée dont l’écart avec la précédente et la suivante ne dépasse pas 0,1 % de la
valeur suivante.10 Calcul
10.1 Calcul pour chaque essai
La masse des matériaux collectés, C , en mg, est calculée à l’aide de la Formule (1):
C = M – M (1)m f2 f1
C est la masse des matériaux collectés lors du processus de lavage d’essai, en mg;
M est la masse de la membrane filtrante de départ et du flacon de pesée, en mg;M est la masse de la membrane filtrante avec les matériaux collectés et du flacon de pesée, en mg.
La masse des matériaux collectés par produit fini textile (C ) en mg par produit est calculée l’aide de
la Formule (2):C = C /S (2)
mp m n
C est la masse des matériaux collectés en mg/produit;
C est la masse des matériaux collectés lors du processus de lavage d’essai, en mg;
S est le nombre d’éprouvettes d’essai pour un essai de lavage.La masse des matériaux collectés par masse de produits finis textiles, C , en mg/kg, est calculée à
l’aide de la Formule (3):C = (C × 1 000)/M (3)
mw m p
C est la masse des matériaux collectés par masse de produits finis textiles, en mg/kg;
C est la masse des matériaux collectés lors du processus de lavage d’essai, en mg;
M est la masse des éprouvettes d’essai, en g.10.2 Calcul de la moyenne des 3 essais
Calculer les moyennes de C , C et C des 3 essais à titre de résultats d’essai.
m mp mw
© ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/FDIS 4484-3:2023(F)
11 Répétabilité et reproductibilité
L’essai interlaboratoires mené conformément au présent document est présenté à l’Annexe F.
12 Rapport d’essaiLe rapport d’essai doit comprendre les informations suivantes:
a) une référence au présent document, à savoir l’ISO 4484-3:2023;
b) la date de l’essai;
c) le type de machine à laver et les conditions d’essai;
d) la méthode d’essai (nombre de cycles de lavage, etc.);
e) les conditions de l’environnement d’essai;
f) le nombre d’éprouvettes d’essai placées dans le tambour de lavage;
g) la masse totale des éprouvettes d’essai placées dans le tambour de lavage;
h) la masse collectée lors du cycle de lavage à vide avant le lavage d’essai;
i) la masse moyenne des matériaux collectés lors d
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