SIST EN 15551:2022
(Main)Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
This document defines the requirements for buffers with 105 mm, 110 mm and 150 mm stroke for vehicles or units which use buffers and screw coupling. It covers the functionality, interfaces and testing procedures, including pass fail criteria, for buffers.
NOTE 1 Typically, buffers with a stroke of 105 mm are used on freight wagons and locomotives, buffers with a stroke of 110 mm are used on coaches and locomotives and buffers with a stroke of 150 mm are used on freight wagons.
It defines the different categories of buffers, the space envelope, static and dynamic characteristics and energy absorption.
It defines the static and dynamic characteristics of the elastic systems.
It also defines the requirements for buffers with integrated crash elements (crashworthy buffers) for tank wagons for dangerous goods.
The requirements of this document also apply to buffers of locomotives and passenger coaches which are bound to meet the crashworthiness requirements of EN 15227 for normal service only. The properties for the energy absorbing function are defined in EN 15227 and the requirements specified in Clause 7 for tank wagons for dangerous goods are not applicable to the buffers of these locomotives and passenger coaches.
Diagonal buffers are excluded from this document.
For the crashworthy buffers of locomotives, cab cars or passenger coaches according to EN 15227, and tank wagons for dangerous goods or buffers which form part of a combined system consisting of a special buffer and a deformation element, interchangeability with freight wagon buffers is not required, and therefore the requirements of 5.3 (Buffer dimensions) do not apply, those of 5.4 (Mechanical characteristics of buffers) and 5.6 (Marking) apply with restrictions.
NOTE 2 For tank wagons subjected to dangerous goods regulation see [35].
Bahnanwendungen - Schienenfahrzeuge - Puffer
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an Puffer mit 105 mm, 110 mm und 150 mm Hub für Fahrzeuge und Einheiten fest, die Puffer und Schraubenkupplungen verwenden. Sie umfasst die Funktionsmerkmale, Schnittstellen und Prüfverfahren einschließlich der Abnahmekriterien für Puffer.
ANMERKUNG 1 Üblicherweise werden Puffer mit einem Hub von 105 mm für Güterwagen und Lokomotiven, Puffer mit einem Hub von 110 mm für Reisezugwagen und Lokomotiven und Puffer mit einem Hub von 150 mm für Güterwagen genutzt.
Sie definiert die einzelnen Pufferkategorien, den erforderlichen Hüllraum (Freiräume), statische und dynamische Merkmale und die Energieaufnahme.
Außerdem werden die statischen und dynamischen Merkmale für elastische Systeme (Federsysteme) festgelegt.
Weiterhin legt diese Norm die Anforderungen an in Puffer integrierte Crashelemente (kollisionssichere Puffer) für die Kesselwagen fest, die der Gefahrstoffverordnung unterliegen.
Die Anforderungen dieses Dokuments gelten auch für Puffer von Lokomotiven und Reisezugwagen, die die Anforderungen zur Kollisionssicherheit der EN 15227 nur im normalen Betrieb erfüllen müssen. Die Eigenschaften der Energieaufnahmefunktion sind in EN 15227 festgelegt und die Anforderungen, die in Abschnitt 7 für Kesselwagen für gefährliche Güter festgelegt sind, gelten nicht für Puffer von genannten Lokomotiven und Reisezugwagen.
Diagonalpuffer sind von diesem Dokument ausgenommen.
Für kollisionssichere Puffer von Lokomotiven, Steuerwagen oder Reisezugwagen nach EN 15227 und Kesselwagen für gefährliche Güter oder Puffer, die Teil eines kombinierten Systems aus einem Spezialpuffer und einem Verformungselement sind, ist die Austauschbarkeit mit Güterwagenpuffern nicht erforderlich und deshalb gelten die Anforderungen in und 5.3 (Pufferabmessungen) nicht, und die in 5.4 (mechanische Puffereigenschaften) und 5.6 (Kennzeichnung) nur eingeschränkt.
ANMERKUNG 2 Für Kesselwagen, die der Gefahrstoffverordnung unterliegen, siehe [35].
Applications ferroviaires - Wagons - Tampons
Le présent document définit les exigences relatives aux tampons de 105 mm, 110 mm et 150 mm de course pour les véhicules ou les unités, qui utilisent des tampons et des attelages à vis. La présente norme couvre les fonctionnalités, les interfaces et les procédures d’essai, y compris les critères de réussite ou d’échec, des tampons.
NOTE 1 Typiquement les tampons avec une course longue de 105 mm sont utilisés sur les wagons de marchandises et les locomotives, les tampons d’une course longue de 110 mm sont utilisés sur les véhicules voyageurs et les locomotives, les tampons d’une course longue de 150 mm sont utilisés sur les wagons de marchandises.
Il définit les différentes catégories de tampons, l'encombrement, les caractéristiques statiques et dynamiques et l’absorption d’énergie.
Il définit également les caractéristiques statiques et dynamiques des systèmes élastiques.
Il définit les exigences relatives aux éléments de choc intégrés dans les tampons pour les wagons citernes transportant des marchandises dangereuses.
Les exigences du présent document s’appliquent aussi aux tampons des locomotives et véhicules voyageurs, qui ont besoin de remplir les exigences anti crash de la norme EN 15227, uniquement en utilisation de service normal. Les propriétés de la fonction « absorption d’énergie » sont définies dans la norme EN15227 et les exigences énoncées dans l’Article 7 pour les wagons citernes transportant des marchandises dangereuses ne sont pas applicables aux tampons de ces locomotives et aux véhicules voyageurs.
Les tampons diagonaux ne font pas partie du présent document.
Pour les tampons anti-crash des locomotives, cabines, véhicules voyageurs selon la norme EN 15227, et pour les wagons citernes transportant des marchandises dangereuses ou des tampons qui forment une partie d’un système combiné constituant un tampon spécial et un élément de déformation, l’interchangeabilité avec des tampons de wagons de fret n’est pas exigée, et de plus, les exigences de du paragraphe 5.3 (Dimensions des tampons) ne s’appliquent pas, celles du paragraphe 5.4 (Caractéristiques mécaniques des tampons) et 5.6 (Marquage) s’appliquent avec restrictions.
NOTE 2 Pour des wagons citernes soumis à une régulation sur les marchandises dangereuses, voir [35].
Železniške naprave - Železniška vozila - Odbojniki
Ta dokument določa zahteve za odbojnike s 105-mm, 110-mm in 150-mm hodom za vozila ali enote, ki uporabljajo odbojnike in vijačno spenjačo. Zajema funkcionalnost, vmesnike in preskusne postopke za odbojnike, vključno z merili za uspešno/neuspešno opravljen preskus.
OPOMBA 1: Običajno se odbojniki s 105-mm hodom uporabljajo pri tovornih vagonih in lokomotivah, odbojniki s 110-mm hodom se uporabljajo pri potniških vagonih in lokomotivah, odbojniki s 150-mm hodom pa se uporabljajo pri tovornih vagonih.
Opredeljuje različne kategorije odbojnikov, prostorske okvire, statične in dinamične lastnosti ter absorpcijo energije.
Opredeljuje statične in dinamične lastnosti elastičnih sistemov.
Določa tudi zahteve za odbojnike z vgrajenimi elementi proti trčenju (odbojnike, odporne proti trku) za vagone s cisterno za prevoz nevarnih snovi.
Zahteve tega dokumenta veljajo tudi za odbojnike lokomotiv in potniških vagonov, ki morajo ustrezati zahtevam glede odpornosti na trke v skladu s standardom EN 15227 samo pri običajnih pogojih uporabe. Lastnosti funkcije za absorpcijo energije so opredeljene v standardu EN 15227, pri čemer zahteve, podane v točki 7 za vagone s cisterno za prevoz nevarnih snovi, ne veljajo za odbojnike lokomotiv in potniških vagonov.
Ta dokument ne zajema diagonalnih odbojnikov.
Za odbojnike lokomotiv, vagonov s potniško kabino ali potniških vagonov v skladu s standardom EN 15227 ter vagone s cisterno za prevoz nevarnih snovi ali odbojnike, ki so del kombiniranega sistema, sestavljenega iz posebnega odbojnika in deformacijskega elementa, ni potrebna zamenljivost z odbojniki tovornih vagonov, zato zahteve iz točke 5.3 (Dimenzije odbojnikov) ne veljajo, zahteve iz točk 5.4 (Mehanske lastnosti odbojnikov) in 5.6 (Označevanje) pa veljajo z omejitvami.
OPOMBA 2: Za vagone s cisterno, za katere velja predpis o nevarnih snoveh, glej [35].
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 15551:2022
01-november-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 15551:2017
Železniške naprave - Železniška vozila - Odbojniki
Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
Bahnanwendungen - Schienenfahrzeuge - Puffer
Applications ferroviaires - Wagons - Tampons
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15551:2022
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
SIST EN 15551:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 15551:2022
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 15551:2017
English Version
Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
Applications ferroviaires - Wagons - Tampons Bahnanwendungen - Schienenfahrzeuge - Puffer
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 July 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15551:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 6
Introduction . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 11
4 Classification and designation . 14
4.1 General . 14
4.2 Buffers with buffer stroke 105 mm (Categories A, B and C) . 14
4.3 Buffers with buffer stroke 110 mm . 14
4.4 Long stroke buffer 150 mm . 14
4.5 Crashworthy Buffers . 14
5 Requirements . 15
5.1 General . 15
5.2 Fixing on vehicle and interchangeability . 15
5.3 Buffer dimensions . 17
5.4 Mechanical characteristics of buffers . 17
5.5 Elastic systems . 20
5.5.1 Types of elastic systems . 20
5.5.2 Static characteristics . 20
5.5.3 Dynamic characteristics . 22
5.6 Marking . 22
6 Housing . 24
6.1 Plunger and base . 24
6.2 Buffer head . 24
6.2.1 Materials . 24
6.2.2 Standard dimensions of buffer head . 24
6.3 Type and series tests . 25
7 Crashworthy buffers . 26
7.1 On wagons . 26
7.2 On other vehicles . 26
Annex A (normative) Maximum space envelope of buffer . 27
A.1 Requirements for space envelope of buffer . 27
A.1.1 Buffers for freight wagons . 27
A.1.2 Buffers for coaches . 30
A.2 Notes on the definition envelopes for overall dimensions of Buffers for freight
wagons . 31
A.2.1 General . 31
A.2.2 Study relating to definition of the envelope . 32
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551:2022 (E)
Annex B (normative) Mechanical characteristics of buffers - Test methods . 34
B.1 General . 34
B.2 Test methodology . 34
B.2.1 General . 34
B.2.2 Force F1 . 35
B.2.3 Force F2 . 35
B.2.4 Force F3 . 35
B.2.5 Force F4 . 35
B.2.6 Force F5 . 35
B.2.7 Force F6 . 36
B.3 Test documentation . 36
Annex C (normative) Requirements for elastic systems . 38
C.1 Rubber elastomer or other elastomer elastic systems . 38
C.1.1 General . 38
C.1.2 Metal inserts . 38
C.1.3 Constituents of rubber elastomer and/ or elastomer systems . 38
C.1.4 Static characteristics of the spring sets . 40
C.1.5 Dynamic characteristics of the spring sets . 40
C.1.6 Bonding . 40
C.1.7 Marking . 40
C.1.8 Inspection and tests . 40
C.2 Friction spring/ ring spring . 42
C.2.1 Manufacturer's marks . 42
C.2.2 Flexibility test . 42
C.2.3 Endurance test . 43
C.2.4 Static characteristics for friction spring/ ring spring . 43
C.2.5 Dynamic characteristics for friction spring/ ring spring . 43
C.3 Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic systems . 43
C.3.1 General . 43
C.3.2 Absorbing energy medium . 44
C.3.3 Static test of capsules . 44
C.4 Combined elastic systems . 45
Annex D (normative) Testing of static characteristics of buffers . 46
D.1 Test principle . 46
D.2 Test procedure . 46
D.3 Measurements . 46
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551:2022 (E)
Annex E (normative) Dynamic testing . 47
E.1 Dynamic testing of buffer . 47
E.1.1 General . 47
E.1.2 Temperature effects . 49
E.2 Dynamic characteristics of 105 mm stroke buffer . 49
E.2.1 Test programme . 49
E.2.2 Tests for Category A to C . 51
E.2.3 Summary of Tests on Category A to C . 53
E.2.4 Comments on the test conditions . 54
E.3 Dynamic characteristics of 150 mm stroke buffer . 54
E.3.1 General . 54
E.3.2 Comments on test conditions . 55
E.4 Dynamic characteristics of 110 mm stroke buffers . 55
Annex F (normative) Endurance testing under service load for elastic system . 57
F.1 Aim of the test . 57
F.2 Test principle . 57
F.3 Test results to be obtained . 57
F.4 Test procedure . 58
F.4.1 Endurance test assembly . 58
F.4.2 Preliminary test . 58
F.4.3 Endurance test . 59
F.4.4 Final static test . 59
Annex G (normative) Endurance testing under buffing load for life cycle simulation . 60
G.1 Endurance tests for elastic systems for freight wagons . 60
G.1.1 Aim of the test . 60
G.1.2 Test principle . 60
G.1.3 Test results to be obtained . 60
G.1.4 Test procedure . 60
G.1.5 Delivery of elastic systems . 62
G.2 Endurance test for elastic system for coaches . 63
G.2.1 General . 63
G.2.2 Tests under alternating loads . 63
G.2.3 Repeated buffing tests . 64
G.2.4 Conditions to be observed . 64
Annex H (informative) Guidelines for buffer head materials . 65
H.1 Example of test programme requirements for verification of buffer head materials . 65
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551:2022 (E)
H.2 Buffer head materials. 66
Annex I (normative) Crashworthy buffers for tank wagons . 68
I.1 Requirements for crashworthy buffers . 68
I.1.1 Objectives . 68
I.1.2 Additional requirements . 68
I.2 Test procedure for crashworthy buffers . 68
Annex J (normative) Maximum space envelope of crashworthy buffers . 70
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
requirements of EU Directive 2016/797/EC aimed to be covered . 73
Bibliography . 75
5
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 15551:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2023, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 15551:2017.
Compared with EN 15551:2017 the following main changes have been done:
a) Redrawn of the following Figures:
1) Figure 2 — Fixing dimensions of 105 mm stroke and 150 mm stroke buffers for
interchangeability;
2) Figure F.1 — Definition of heights;
3) Figure F.2 — Representation of the stored energy;
4) Figure F.3 — Endurance test under service load;
5) Figure G.1 — Determination of buffer strokes for endurance test;
b) Adaption of this document in relation to the intersection contents on EN 16839:
1) Adaption of the Scope;
2) Deleting of 4.6 “Interaction coupling/buffer”;
3) Adaption on 5.1 “General”;
4) Figure 2 — Mounting of buffers with non-metallic insert or head (top view for freight wagons)
is deleted
5) Deleting of 6.2.2 “Boundary dimensions”;
6) Adaption on 6.2.3.1 “General” and 6.2.3.2 “Buffers with stroke of 105 mm.”;
7) The former Table 6 about standard width have been exported to EN 16839.
8) Deleting of Annex I “Calculation of the width of buffer heads”.
c) editorial modifications.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission, and it aims to support essential or other requirements of EU Directive(s) or Regulation(s).
6
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551:2022 (E)
For relationship with EU Directive(s) or Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral
part of this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
7
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551:2022 (E)
Introduction
This document is based on UIC 526-1:2008, UIC 526-3:2008, UIC 528:2007, UIC 573:2007, UIC 827-
1:1990 and UIC 827-2:1981.
8
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This document defines the requirements for buffers with 105 mm, 110 mm and 150 mm stroke for
vehicles or units which use buffers and screw coupling. It covers the functionality, interfaces and testing
procedures, including pass fail criteria, for buffers.
NOTE 1 Typically, buffers with a stroke of 105 mm are used on freight wagons and locomotives, buffers with a
stroke of 110 mm are used on coaches and locomotives and buffers with a stroke of 150 mm are used on freight
wagons.
It defines the different categories of buffers, the space envelope, static and dynamic characteristics and
energy absorption.
It defines the static and dynamic characteristics of the elastic systems.
It also defines the requirements for buffers with integrated crash elements (crashworthy buffers) for
tank wagons for dangerous goods.
The requirements of this document also apply to buffers of locomotives and passenger coaches which
are bound to meet the crashworthiness requirements of EN 15227 for normal service only. The
properties for the energy absorbing function are defined in EN 15227 and the requirements specified in
Clause 7 for tank wagons for dangerous goods are not applicable to the buffers of these locomotives and
passenger coaches.
Diagonal buffers are excluded from this document.
For the crashworthy buffers of locomotives, driving trailer or passenger coaches according to
EN 15227, and tank wagons for dangerous goods or buffers which form part of a combined system
consisting of a special buffer and a deformation element, interchangeability with freight wagon buffers
is not required, and therefore the requirements of 5.3 (Buffer dimensions) do not apply, those of 5.4
(Mechanical characteristics of buffers) and 5.6 (Marking) apply with restrictions.
NOTE 2 For tank wagons subjected to dangerous goods regulation see [41].
Provisions going beyond the scope of this document may be agreed in the Technical Specification. The
Technical Specification is not a mandatory document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1370:2011, Founding - Examination of surface condition
EN 10025-2:2019, Hot rolled products of structural steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-
alloy structural steels
EN 10168:2004, Steel products - Inspection documents - List of information and description
EN 10204:2004, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents
EN 12663-2:2010, Railway applications - Structural requirements of railway vehicle bodies - Part 2:
Freight wagons
EN 15227:2020, Railway applications - Crashworthiness requirements for rail vehicles
EN 16839:2022, Railway applications — Rolling stock — Head stock layout
9
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SIST EN 15551:2022
EN 15551:2022 (E)
EN ISO 148-1:2016, Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-
1:2016)
EN ISO 148-2:2016, Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 2: Verification of testing
machines (ISO 148-2:2016)
EN ISO 148-3:2016, Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 3: Preparation and
characterization of Charpy V-notch test pieces for indirect verification of pendulum impact machines (ISO
148-3:2016)
EN ISO 868:2003, Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer
(Shore hardness) (ISO 868:2003)
EN ISO 6507-1:2018, Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6507-1:2018)
EN ISO 6507-2:2018, Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of
testing machines (ISO 6507-2:2018)
EN ISO 6507-3:2018, Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks
(ISO 6507-3:2018)
EN ISO 6507-4:2018, Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 4: Tables of hardness values (ISO
6507-4:2018)
EN ISO 6892-1:2019, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO
6892-1:2019)
EN ISO 11469:2016, Plastics - Generic identification and marking of plastics products (ISO 11469:2016)
ISO 37:2017, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of tensile stress-strain properties
ISO 48:2018, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between
10 IRHD and 100 IRHD)
ISO 188:2011, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests
ISO 815-1:2019, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of compression set — Part 1: At
ambient or elev
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15551:2019
01-september-2019
Železniške naprave - Železniška vozila - Odbojniki
Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
Bahnanwendungen - Schienenfahrzeuge - Puffer
Applications ferroviaires - Wagons - Tampons
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15551
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
oSIST prEN 15551:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 15551:2019
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oSIST prEN 15551:2019
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 15551
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2019
ICS 45.060.01 Will supersede EN 15551:2017
English Version
Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
Applications ferroviaires - Wagons - Tampons Bahnanwendungen - Schienenfahrzeuge - Puffer
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15551:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 15551:2019
prEN 15551:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 7
Introduction . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Classification and designation . 13
4.1 General . 13
4.2 Buffers with buffer stroke 105 mm (Categories A, B and C) . 13
4.3 Buffers with buffer stroke 110 mm . 14
4.4 Long stroke buffer 150 mm . 14
4.5 Crashworthy Buffers . 14
5 Requirements . 14
5.1 General . 14
5.2 Fixing on vehicle and interchangeability . 15
5.3 Buffer dimensions . 16
5.4 Mechanical characteristics of buffers . 17
5.5 Elastic systems . 19
5.5.1 Types of elastic systems . 19
5.5.2 Static characteristics . 19
5.5.3 Dynamic characteristics . 21
5.6 Marking . 21
6 Housing . 23
6.1 Plunger and base . 23
6.2 Buffer head . 23
6.2.1 Materials . 23
6.2.2 Standard dimensions of buffer head . 23
6.3 Type and series tests . 24
7 Crashworthy buffers . 25
7.1 On wagons . 25
7.2 On other vehicles . 25
Annex A (normative) Maximum space envelope of buffer . 26
A.1 Requirements for space envelope of buffer . 26
A.1.1 Buffers for freight wagons . 26
A.1.2 Buffers for coaches . 30
A.2 Notes on the definition envelopes for overall dimensions of Buffers for freight
wagons . 31
A.2.1 General . 31
A.2.2 Study relating to definition of the envelope . 32
Annex B (normative) Mechanical characteristics of buffers - Test methods . 34
B.1 General . 34
B.2 Test methodology . 34
B.2.1 General . 34
B.2.2 Force F1 . 35
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B.2.3 Force F2 . 35
B.2.4 Force F3 . 35
B.2.5 Force F4 . 35
B.2.6 Force F5 . 35
B.2.7 Force F6 . 36
B.3 Test documentation . 36
Annex C (normative) Requirements for elastic systems . 38
C.1 Rubber elastomer or other elastomer elastic systems . 38
C.1.1 General . 38
C.1.2 Metal inserts . 38
C.1.3 Constituents of rubber elastomer and/ or elastomer systems . 38
C.1.4 Static characteristics of the spring sets . 40
C.1.5 Dynamic characteristics of the spring sets . 40
C.1.6 Bonding . 40
C.1.7 Marking . 40
C.1.8 Inspection and tests . 40
C.2 Friction spring/ ring spring . 42
C.2.1 Manufacturer's marks . 42
C.2.2 Flexibility test . 42
C.2.3 Endurance test . 43
C.2.4 Static characteristics for friction spring/ ring spring . 43
C.2.5 Dynamic characteristics for friction spring/ ring spring . 43
C.3 Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic systems . 43
C.3.1 General . 43
C.3.2 Absorbing energy medium . 44
C.3.3 Static test of capsules . 44
C.4 Combined elastic systems . 45
Annex D (normative) Testing of static characteristics of buffers . 46
D.1 Test principle . 46
D.2 Test procedure . 46
D.3 Measurements . 46
Annex E (normative) Dynamic testing . 47
E.1 Dynamic testing of buffer. 47
E.1.1 General . 47
E.1.2 Temperature effects . 49
E.2 Dynamic characteristics of 105 mm stroke buffer . 49
E.2.1 Test programme . 49
E.2.2 Category A . 51
E.2.3 Category B. 51
E.2.4 Category C . 52
E.2.5 Comments on the test conditions . 52
E.3 Dynamic characteristics of 150 mm stroke buffer . 53
E.3.1 General . 53
E.3.2 Comments on test conditions . 54
E.4 Dynamic characteristics of 110 mm stroke buffers . 54
Annex F (normative) Endurance testing under service load for elastic system . 55
F.1 Aim of the test . 55
F.2 Test principle . 55
F.3 Test results to be obtained . 55
F.4 Test procedure . 56
F.4.1 Endurance test assembly . 56
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F.4.2 Preliminary test . 56
F.4.3 Endurance test . 57
F.4.4 Final static test . 57
Annex G (normative) Endurance testing under buffing load for life cycle simulation . 58
G.1 Endurance tests for elastic systems for freight wagons . 58
G.1.1 Aim of the test . 58
G.1.2 Test principle . 58
G.1.3 Test results to be obtained . 58
G.1.4 Test procedure . 58
G.1.5 Delivery of elastic systems . 60
G.2 Endurance test for elastic system for coaches . 61
G.2.1 General . 61
G.2.2 Tests under alternating loads . 61
G.2.3 Repeated buffing tests . 62
G.2.4 Conditions to be observed . 62
Annex H (informative) Guidelines for buffer head materials . 63
H.1 Example of test programme requirements for verification of buffer head materials . 63
H.2 Buffer head materials . 64
Annex I (normative) Crashworthy buffers for tank wagons . 66
I.1 Requirements for crashworthy buffers . 66
I.1.1 Objectives . 66
I.1.2 Additional requirements . 66
I.2 Test procedure for crashworthy buffers . 66
Annex J (normative) Maximum space envelope of crashworthy buffers . 68
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC aimed to be covered . 71
Bibliography . 74
Figures
Figure 1 — Force stroke diagram for stored and absorbed energy . 12
Figure 2 — Fixing dimensions of 105 mm stroke and 150 mm stroke buffers for
interchangeability . 16
Figure 3 — Points of application of forces . 18
Figure 4 — Location of marking . 21
Figure 5 — Marking . 22
Figure A.1 — Dimension of the maximum space envelope of buffer – Side view . 27
Figure A.2 — Cross section A – A . 28
Figure A.3 — Cross section B – B . 28
Figure A.4 — Cross section C – C . 28
Figure A.5 — Cross section D – D . 29
Figure A.6 — Cross section E – E . 29
Figure A.7 — Cross section F – F . 30
Figure A.8 — Dimension of the buffer: Cross sections G – G, H – H, K – K and L – L . 30
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Figure A.9 — Dimension of the maximum space envelope of buffer for coaches - Side view. 31
Figure B.1 — Location of measurement . 34
Figure B.2 — Tool for application of Force F3 . 35
Figure F.1 — Definition of heights . 55
Figure F.2 — Representation of the stored energy . 56
Figure F.3 — Endurance test under service load . 57
Figure G.1 — Determination of buffer strokes for endurance test . 59
Figure J.1 — Dimension of the maximum space of the buffer . 68
Figure J.2 — Cross section A – A . 69
Figure J.3 — Cross section B – B . 69
Figure J.4 — Cross section C – C . 69
Figure J.5 — Cross section D – D . 70
Figure J.6 — Dimension of the buffer: Cross section E – E, F – F, G – G and H – H . 70
Tables
Table 1 — Buffer stroke 105 mm . 13
Table 2 — Testing on buffers or their components . 15
Table 3 — Buffer dimensional characteristics . 17
Table 4 — Proof forces for buffers . 17
Table 5 — Static characteristics . 20
Table 6 — Type and series tests . 24
Table B.1 — Measurement protocol (example) . 37
Table C.1 — Characteristics of the constituents . 38
Table C.2 — Nature of inspections and tests . 41
Table C.3 — Number of flexibility tests per batch of springs . 43
Table C.4 — Characteristics of absorbing energy medium . 44
Table E.1 — Standard high sided open wagon . 47
Table E.2 — Characteristics and requirements with regard to both the test set up and
measuring and technical assessment . 48
Table E.3 — Buffers with a stroke of 105 mm, Definition of dynamic tests . 50
Table E.4 — Definition of dynamic tests . 53
Table E.5 — Dynamic characteristics of 110 mm stroke buffer . 54
Table G.1 — Hydrodynamic buffers . 61
Table G.2 — Hydrostatic buffers. 61
Table H.1 — Verification of buffer head materials . 63
Table H.2 — List of selection of existing buffer head materials . 65
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Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard, the Commission
Regulation No 1302/2014 of 18 November 2014 concerning the technical
specification for interoperability relating to the 'rolling stock locomotives and
passenger rolling stock' of the rail system in the European Union and repealing
Commission Decision 2006/861/EC, as amended by Commission
Regulation (EU) 2015/924 (published in the Official Journal L 150, 16.06.2015, p.10)
and Directive 2008/57/EC . 72
Table ZA.2 — Correspondence between this European Standard, the Commission
Regulation (EU) N° 321/2013 of 13 March 2013 concerning the technical
specification for interoperability relating to the ‘rolling stock
...
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