SIST EN 14214:2012
(Main)Automotive fuels - Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel engines - Requirements and test methods
Automotive fuels - Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel engines - Requirements and test methods
This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered fatty acid methyl esters (hereafter known as FAME) to be used either as fuel for diesel engines and for heating applications at 100 % concentration, or as an extender for distillate fuel for diesel engines in accordance with the requirements of EN 590 and for heating fuel. At 100 % concentration it is applicable to fuel for use in diesel engines and in heating applications designed or subsequently adapted to run on 100 % FAME.
Kraftstoffe für Kraftfahrzeuge - Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME) für Dieselmotoren - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für gehandelte und ausgelieferte Fettsäure-Methylester (en: Fatty Acid Methyl Esters, FAME) für die Verwendung in Kraftfahrzeugen mit Dieselmotoren oder als Heizöl fest, entweder als Dieselkraftstoff bzw. Heizöl mit einer Konzentration von 100 %, oder als Blendkomponente für Diesel¬kraftstoff in Übereinstimmung mit den Anforderungen nach EN 590 bzw. für Heizöl. Bei einer Konzentration von 100 % ist FAME einsetzbar in Fahrzeugen mit Dieselmotoren und in Heizungsanlagen, welche für den Einsatz von 100 % FAME entwickelt oder nachträglich angepasst wurden.
ANMERKUNG In dieser Europäischen Norm werden die Symbole „% (m/m)“ und „% (V/V)“ verwendet, um Massenanteile ( ) bzw. Volumenanteile ( ) in % auszudrücken.
Carburants pour automobiles - Esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) pour moteurs diesel - Exigences et méthodes d'essais
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences et méthodes d'essais applicables aux esters méthyliques d'acides gras (dénommés EMAG par la suite), commercialisés et livrés comme carburant pour moteurs diesel et pour des applications de chauffage, soit à une concentration de 100 %, soit comme composant de distillats combustibles pour les moteurs diesel, conformément aux exigences de l'EN 590, et pour le fioul domestique. A la concentration de 100 %, elle est applicable aux carburants utilisés par les véhicules à moteur diesel et par des applications de chauffage conçus ou adaptés pour fonctionner avec 100 % d’EMAG. NOTE Dans le cadre de la présente Norme européenne, les termes "% (m/m)" et "% (V/V)" sont utilisés pour désigner respectivement la fraction massique, µ, et la fraction volumique .
Goriva za motorna vozila - Metilni estri maščobnih kislin (FAME) za dizelske motorje - Zahteve in preskusne metode
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve in preskusne metode za metilne estre maščobnih kislin (v nadaljevanju: »FAME«) pri prodaji in dobavi, ki se bodo uporabili kot gorivo za dizelske motorje in grelne naprave v 100 % koncentraciji ali kot polnilo za destilatno gorivo za dizelske motorje v skladu z zahtevami iz standarda EN 590 in za kurilno olje. V 100-odstotni koncentraciji se uporablja v gorivih za dizelske motorje in grelne naprave, ki so načrtovane ali naknadno prilagojene za uporabo 100-odstotnih FAME.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Kraftstoffe für Kraftfahrzeuge - Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME) für Dieselmotoren - Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenCarburants pour automobiles - Esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) pour moteurs diesel - Exigences et méthodes d'essaisAutomotive fuels - Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel engines - Requirements and test methods75.160.20Liquid fuelsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14214:2012SIST EN 14214:2012en01-oktober-2012SIST EN 14214:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14214:2009+A1:2010SIST EN 14213:2003/AC:2004SIST EN 14213:20031DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14214:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14214
August 2012 ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes EN 14213:2003, EN 14214:2008+A1:2009English Version
Liquid petroleum products - Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications - Requirements and test methods
Produits pétroliers liquides - Esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) pour moteurs diesel et comme combustible de chauffage - Exigences et méthodes d'essai
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME) zur Verwendung in Dieselmotoren und als Heizöl - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 July 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14214:2012: ESIST EN 14214:2012
EN 14214:2012 (E)
2 Contents Page Foreword . 3Introduction . 51Scope . 62Normative references . 63 Sampling . 84Pump marking . 85Requirements and test methods . 85.1Dyes and markers . 85.2Additives . 85.2.1General . 85.2.2Oxidation stability enhancing additives . 85.2.3Non-FAME components . 95.3Generally applicable requirements and related test methods . 95.4Climate dependent requirements and related test methods . 115.4.1General . 115.4.2FAME being used at 100 % as fuel for diesel engines and heating applications . 115.4.3FAME being used as blend component in diesel fuel . 125.5Precision and dispute . 13Annex A (normative)
Details of interlaboratory test programme . 14Annex B (normative)
Correction factor for calculation of density of FAME . 15Annex C (informative)
Background information for national climate grades selection . 16Bibliography . 19 SIST EN 14214:2012
EN 14214:2012 (E)
3 Foreword This document (EN 14214:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14214:2008+A1:2009, EN 14213:2003 and EN 14213:2003/AC:2003. This document has originally been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). This document exists in parallel with EN 590. Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition are: extension towards distillate heating fuels. The former specification for FAME for heating fuel applications (EN 14213) also needed to be aligned, but effectively only one quality was supplied and required by heating fuel suppliers in the European market. an update of the specification in the perspective of blending at up to 10 % (V/V) of FAME in automotive diesel fuel; discrimination between climate requirements for use for 100 % as fuel for diesel engines and for use as blend component in diesel fuel. This is done by introducing a new Table 3 for seasonal grades to be set nationally. It thus requires countries to present two sets of seasonal choices in a national annex to this standard; introduction of additional requirements for FAME for use as a blending component as a first, intermediate, step towards solving precipitation problems observed in the market during cold periods. Further work towards limitation of impurities, more specifically steryl-glycosides, and regarding monoglyceride determination is on-going. A performance test, such as a filterability test, is anticipated to solve this issue in the longer term; a decrease of the monoglycerides content limit from 0,8 % (m/m) to 0,7 % (m/m); deletion of the requirement on carbon residue as it is no longer considered necessary; an increase of the oxidation stability requirement from 6 h minimum to 8 h minimum; introduction of additionally developed test methods for iodine value, phosphorus content and sulfur content, EN 16300, FprEN 16294 and EN ISO 13032, respectively. Plus updating towards revised sulfur and sulfated ash content determination test methods; updating of test methods on esters, (mono) glycerides, polyunsaturated fatty acids and stability characteristics of FAME, resulting from work under CEN/TC 19 and in cooperation with CEN/TC 307, either as final publication or as technically assessed and accepted draft texts; SIST EN 14214:2012
EN 14214:2012 (E)
4 combination of all sub-clauses dealing with additives in one and aligning them with similar requirements in EN 590. a re-evaluation of Table A.1 has been executed and indicated that FAME conforms to the current precision statements of EN 116 and therefore these row has been deleted from Table A.1. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 14214:2012
EN 14214:2012 (E)
5 Introduction This European Standard gives all relevant characteristics, requirements and test methods for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), which are known at this time to be necessary to define the product to be used as automotive diesel fuel and in heating applications. Many of the test methods included in this European Standard have been the subject of several interlaboratory testing to determine their applicability and their precision in relation to different sources of FAME. These FAMEs were produced from vegetable oils available in the market at the time, mainly rapeseed, palm, soy and sunflower oil. This does not imply any restrictions towards the feedstock for the fats and oils from which the FAME is made to comply with this European Standard (see Foreword). Concerning total contamination, an interlaboratory study with field samples, following a study with artificial samples, is pending and therefore the repeatability and reproducibility of EN 12662 have not yet been fully established. The precision for FAME is investigated. Concerning cold temperature properties of diesel blends related to the quality of the FAME used as a blending component, strong indications towards the relationship with saturated mono-glycerides and steryl-glycosides have become known. As no test method to detect those components separately has yet been developed, an interim solution in setting CFPP and cloud point limitations has been included in this standard (see Table 3). A study within CEN has indicated that FAME conforms to the current precision statements of EN 116 and EN 23015. Although there are technical indications that iodine value can be removed as an indication for FAME stability, relaxation at this time would be premature. Until the stability safeguards introduced by this revision have been proven in the market, it is maintained, also preventing unnecessarily high usage of anti-oxidant additives. In order to meet the needs of the latest technology engines, lowering of the phosphorus limit and the limit of sodium and potassium is under investigation. SIST EN 14214:2012
EN 14214:2012 (E)
6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered fatty acid methyl esters (hereafter known as FAME) to be used either as fuel for diesel engines and for heating applications at 100 % concentration, or as an extender for distillate fuel for diesel engines in accordance with the requirements of EN 590 and for heating fuel. At 100 % concentration it is applicable to fuel for use in diesel engines and in heating applications designed or subsequently adapted to run on 100 % FAME. NOTE For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, 3. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 116:1997, Diesel and domestic heating fuels — Determination of cold filter plugging point EN 590, Automotive fuels — Diesel — Requirements and test methods EN 12662:2008, Liquid petroleum products — Determination of contamination in middle distillates EN 14103:2011, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of ester and linolenic acid methyl ester contents EN 14104:2003, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of acid value EN 14105:2011, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of free and total glycerol and mono-, di-, triglyceride contents EN 14106:2003, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of free glycerol content EN 14107:2003, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of phosphorus content by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometry EN 14108:2003, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of sodium content by atomic absorption spectrometry EN 14109:2003, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of potassium content by atomic absorption spectrometry EN 14110:2003, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of methanol content EN 14111:2003, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of iodine value EN 14112:2003, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of oxidation stability (accelerated oxidation test) EN 14538:2006, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) — Determination of Ca, K, Mg and Na content by optical emission spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES) EN 15751:2009, Automotive fuels — Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuel and blends with diesel fuel — Determination of oxidation stability by accelerated oxidation method SIST EN 14214:2012
EN 14214:2012 (E)
7 EN 15779:2009, Petroleum products and fat and oil derivates — Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel engines — Determination of polyunsaturated (≥ 4 double bonds) fatty acid methyl esters (PUFA) by gas chromatography FprEN 16294:20111), Petroleum products and fat and oil derivatives — Determination of phosphorus content in fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) — Optical emission spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES) EN 16300:20122), Automotive fuels — Determination of iodine value — Calculation method from gas chromatographic data
EN 23015:1994, Petroleum products — Determination of cloud point (ISO 3015:1992) EN ISO 2160:1998, Petroleum products — Corrosiveness to copper — Copper strip test (ISO 2160:1998) EN ISO 2719:2002, Determination of flash point — Pensky-Martens closed cup method (ISO 2719:2002) EN ISO 3104:1996, Petroleum products — Transparent and opaque liquids — Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104:1994) EN ISO 3170:2004, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004) EN ISO 3171:1999, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171:1988) EN ISO 3675:1998, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products — Laboratory determination of density — Hydrometer method (ISO 3675:1998) EN ISO 3679:2004, Determination of flash point — Rapid equilibrium closed cup method (ISO 3679:2004) EN ISO 4259:2006, Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test (ISO 4259:2006) EN ISO 5165:1998, Petroleum products — Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels — Cetane engine method (ISO 5165:1998) EN ISO 12185:1996, Crude petroleum and petroleum products — Determination of density — Oscillating U-tube method (ISO 12185:1996) EN ISO 12937:2000, Petroleum products — Determination of water — Coulometric Karl Fischer titration method (ISO 12937:2000) EN ISO 13032:2012, Petroleum products — Determination of low concentration of sulfur in automotive fuels — Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric method (ISO 13032:2012) EN ISO 20846:2011, Petroleum products — Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels — Ultraviolet fluorescence method (ISO 20846:2011) EN ISO 20884:2011, Petroleum products — Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels — Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (ISO 20884:2011) ISO 3987:2010, Petroleum products — Determination of sulfated ash in lubricating oils and additives
1) At draft stage. 2) To be published. SIST EN 14214:2012
EN 14214:2012 (E)
8 DIN 51900-2, Testing of solid and liquid fuels - Determination of the gross calorific value by the bomb calorimeter and calculation of the net calorific value - Part 2: Method using isoperibol or static jacket calorimeter DIN 51900-3, Testing of solid and liquid fuels - Determination of gross calorific value by the bomb calorimeter and calculation of net calorific value - Part 3: Method using adiabatic jacket 3 Sampling
Samples shall be taken as described in EN ISO 3170 or EN ISO 3171 and/or in accordance with the requirements of national standards or regulations for the sampling of automotive diesel fuel or heating fuel. The national requirements shall be set out in a national annex to this European Standard, either in detail or by reference only. In view of the sensitivity of some of the test methods referred to in this European Standard, particular attention shall be paid to compliance with any guidance on sampling containers, which is included in the respective test method standard. 4 Pump marking Information to be marked on dispensing pumps used for delivering FAME diesel fuel, and the dimensions of the mark shall be in accordance with the requirements of national standards or regulations for the marking of pumps for automotive diesel fuel. Such requirements shall be set out in detail or shall be referred to by reference in a national annex to this European Standard. 5 Requirements and test methods 5.1 Dyes and markers The use of dyes or markers is allowed. 5.2 Additives 5.2.1 General In order to improve performance, the use of additives is allowed. Suitable fuel additives without known harmful side effects are recommended in the appropriate amount to help avoid deterioration of driveability and emissions control durability. Other technical means with equivalent effect may also be used. NOTE Deposit forming tendency test methods suitable for routine control purposes have not yet been identified and developed. 5.2.2 Oxidation stability enhancing additives In order to improve the oxidation stability of FAME, it is strongly recommended to add oxidation stability enhancing additives to FAME at the production stage and before storage, providing an oxidation stability similar to that obtained with 1 000 mg/kg of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT). CAUTION — There is a pot
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.