SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016

Diesel fuel - Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) - Part 1: Test method (ISO 12156-1:2016)

This part of ISO 12156 specifies a test method using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR), for
assessing the lubricating property of diesel fuels, including those fuels which may contain a lubricityenhancing
additive. It defines two methods for measurement of the wear scar; Method “A” — Digital
camera, and Method “B” — Visual observation.
This test method applies to fuels used in diesel engines.
NOTE It is not known if this test method will predict the performance of all additive/fuel combinations,
including paraffinic fuels for which no additional correlation testing has been performed. Nevertheless, no data
has been presented to suggest that such fuels are not within scope.

Dieselkraftstoff - Methode zur Bestimmung der Schmierfähigkeit unter Verwendung eines Schwingungsverschleiß-Prüfgerätes (HFRR) - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren (ISO 12156-1:2016)

Carburant diesel - Évaluation du pouvoir lubrifiant au banc alternatif à haute fréquence (HFRR) - Partie 1: Méthode d'essai (ISO 12156-1:2016)

L'ISO 12156-1:2016 spécifié une méthode d'essai utilisant un banc alternatif à haute fréquence pour évaluer les propriétés lubrifiantes des carburants diesel, y compris les carburants qui peuvent contenir un additif améliorant le pouvoir lubrifiant. Elle définit deux méthodes pour mesurer les dimensions de la marque d'usure: Méthode A ? Appareil photo numérique, et Méthode B ? Observation visuelle.
Cette méthode d'essai est applicable aux carburants utilisés dans les moteurs diesel.
NOTE Il n'est pas établi que cette méthode d'essai estimera la performance de toutes les combinaisons additifs/carburants, dont les gazoles paraffiniques pour lesquels aucun essai supplémentaire pour établir une corrélation n'a été réalisé. Néanmoins, aucune donnée n'a été présentée qui puisse suggérer que ce type de carburant n'entre pas dans le domaine d'application de cette méthode.

Dizelsko gorivo - Ocenjevanje mazalne sposobnosti z visokofrekvenčnim merilnikom (HFRR) - 1. del: Preskusna metoda (ISO 12156-1:2016)

Ta del standarda ISO 12156 določa preskusno metodo z uporabo visokofrekvenčnega merilnika (HFRR) za ocenjevanje mazalne sposobnosti dizelskih goriv, vključno z gorivi, ki lahko vsebujejo dodatek za večanje mazalne sposobnosti. Opisuje dve metodi za merjenje obrabne ploskve, in sicer metodo A z digitalnim snemanjem in metodo B z opazovanjem.
Ta preskusna metoda se uporablja za goriva v dizelskih motorjih.
OPOMBA: Ni znano, ali bo ta preskusna metoda napovedala lastnosti vseh kombinacij dodatkov/goriva, vključno s parafinskimi gorivi, za katera ni bilo opravljeno dodatno korelacijsko preskušanje. Kljub temu niso bili predstavljeni dodatki, ki bi kazali, da takšna goriva niso zajeta.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Public Enquiry End Date: 09-Apr-2015
• Publication Date: 10-Apr-2016
• Withdrawal Date: 18-Dec-2018
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: NAD - Petroleum products, lubricants and related products
• Current Stage: 9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 19-Dec-2018
• Due Date: 11-Jan-2019
• Completion Date: 19-Dec-2018
• Ref Project: EN ISO 12156-1:2016 - Diesel fuel - Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) - Part 1: Test method (ISO 12156-1:2016)

Relations

• Replaced By: SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2019 - Diesel fuel - Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) - Part 1: Test method (ISO 12156-1:2018)
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2019
• Replaces: SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2006 - Diesel fuel - Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) - Part 1: Test method (ISO 12156-1:2006)
• Effective Date: 01-May-2016
• Replaces: SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2006 - Diesel fuel - Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) - Part 1: Test method (ISO 12156-1:2006)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
01-maj-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2006
'L]HOVNRJRULYR2FHQMHYDQMHPD]DOQHVSRVREQRVWL]YLVRNRIUHNYHQþQLP
PHULOQLNRP+)55GHO3UHVNXVQDPHWRGD,62
Diesel fuel - Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) -
Part 1: Test method (ISO 12156-1:2016)
Dieselkraftstoff - Methode zur Bestimmung der Schmierfähigkeit unter Verwendung eines
Schwingungsverschleiß-Prüfgerätes (HFRR) - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren (ISO 12156-1:2016)
Carburant diesel - Évaluation du pouvoir lubrifiant au banc alternatif à haute fréquence
(HFRR) - Partie 1: Méthode d'essai (ISO 12156-1:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12156-1:2016
ICS:
75.160.20 7HNRþDJRULYD Liquid fuels
SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016


EN ISO 12156-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

March 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes EN ISO 12156-1:2006
English Version

Diesel fuel - Assessment of lubricity using the high-
frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) - Part 1: Test method
(ISO 12156-1:2016)
Carburant diesel - Évaluation du pouvoir lubrifiant au Dieselkraftstoff - Methode zur Bestimmung der
banc alternatif à haute fréquence (HFRR) - Partie 1: Schmierfähigkeit unter Verwendung eines
Méthode d'essai (ISO 12156-1:2016) Schwingungsverschleiß-Prüfgerätes (HFRR) - Teil 1:
Prüfverfahren (ISO 12156-1:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 November 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 12156-1:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
EN ISO 12156-1:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
EN ISO 12156-1:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 12156-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22 "Road
vehicles" in collaboration Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and
related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2016, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 12156-1:2006.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 12156-1:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12156-1:2016 without any
modification.

3

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12156-1
Third edition
2016-02-01
Diesel fuel — Assessment of
lubricity using the high-frequency
reciprocating rig (HFRR) —
Part 1:
Test method
Carburant diesel — Évaluation du pouvoir lubrifiant au banc
alternatif à haute fréquence (HFRR) —
Partie 1: Méthode d’essai
Reference number
ISO 12156-1:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
ISO 12156-1:2016(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
ISO 12156-1:2016(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Reagents and materials . 2
6 Apparatus . 3
7 Sampling . 5
8 Preparation and calibration . 6
8.1 Preparation of apparatus . 6
8.1.1 Test plates and balls . 6
8.1.2 Hardware . 6
8.2 Calibration and correction . 6
8.2.1 Temperature . 6
8.2.2 Frequency . 6
8.2.3 Stroke length . 6
8.2.4 Test duration . 6
8.2.5 Test rig performance . 6
9 Test procedure . 7
10 Measurement of wear scar . 8
10.1 General . 8
10.2 Method “A” — Digital camera . 8
10.3 Method “B” — Visual observation . 8
11 Test results . 8
12 Precision . 9
12.1 General . 9
12.2 Repeatability, r .9
12.3 Reproducibility, R .9
13 Test report . 9
Annex A (informative) Measurement of HFRR wear scars .11
Annex B (informative) Major changes to the former edition of this part of ISO 12156 .14
Bibliography .15
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
ISO 12156-1:2016(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 34,
Propulsion, powertrain and powertrain fluids, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 28,
Petroleum products and related products of synthetic or biological origin.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 12156-1:2006), which has been
technically revised. Details of the major changes (additions, modifications and deletions) which affect
the performance of the products or the technical requirements applicable to the products are provided
for information in Annex B.
ISO 12156 consists of the following parts, under the general title Diesel fuel — Assessment of lubricity
using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR):
— Part 1: Test method
— Part 2: Limit
For the purposes of user feedback and making future improvements to this part of ISO 12156, we encourage
you to share your views. Please click on the link below to take part in the online survey.
https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/12156-1
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
ISO 12156-1:2016(E)

Introduction
All diesel fuel injection equipment has some reliance on diesel fuel as a lubricant. Wear due to excessive
friction resulting in shortened life of engine components, such as diesel fuel injection pumps and
injectors, has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in the fuel.
The relationship of test results to diesel injection equipment component distress due to wear has been
demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the
1)
operation of the component.
Test results from fuels tested to this procedure have been found to correlate with many fuel/hardware
combinations and provide an adequate prediction of the lubricating quality of the fuel. The correlation
of biodiesel blends has been validated through 15 years of field experience and anecdotal data.
This part of ISO 12156 includes content and data, with permission of ASTM International, from ASTM
[3] [1] [2]
Research Report RR:D02-1718 that is cited in ASTM D6079 and ASTM D7688.
1) NIKANJAM, Manuch, Teri CROSBY, Paul HENDERSON, Chris GRAY, Klaus MEYER, and Nick DAVENPORT, “ISO
Diesel Fuel Round Robin Program,” SAE Technical Paper No. 952372, 1995, ISSN 0148- 7191, doi: 10.4271/952372.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12156-1:2016(E)
Diesel fuel — Assessment of lubricity using the high-
frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) —
Part 1:
Test method
WARNING — Application of this part of ISO 12156 may involve the use of hazardous materials,
operations and equipment. This part of ISO 12156 does not purport to address all of the safety
problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this part of ISO 12156
to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicable regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12156 specifies a test method using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR), for
assessing the lubricating property of diesel fuels, including those fuels which may contain a lubricity-
enhancing additive. It defines two methods for measurement of the wear scar; Method “A” — Digital
camera, and Method “B” — Visual observation.
This test method applies to fuels used in diesel engines.
NOTE It is not known if this test method will predict the performance of all additive/fuel combinations,
including paraffinic fuels for which no additional correlation testing has been performed. Nevertheless, no data
has been presented to suggest that such fuels are not within scope.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 683-17, Heat-treated steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels — Part 17: Ball and roller bearing steels
ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling
ISO 3290-1, Rolling bearings — Balls — Part 1: Steel balls
ISO 4288, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture
ISO 5272, Toluene for industrial use — Specifications
ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ASTM D4306, Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2016
ISO 12156-1:2016(E)

3.1
boundary lubrication
condition in which the friction and wear between two surfaces in relative motion are determined by
the properties of the surfaces and the properties of the contacting fluid, other than bulk viscosity
Note 1 to entry: Metal to metal contact occurs and the chemistry of the system is involved. Physically adsorbed
or chemically reacted soft films (usually very thin) support contact loads. As a result, some wear is inevitable.
3.2
lubricity
qualitative term describing the ability of a fluid to affect friction between, and wear to, surfaces in
relative motion under load
Note 1 to entry: In this test method, the lubricity of a fluid is evaluated by the wear scar, measured in micrometres,
produced on an oscillating ball from contact with a stationary disk immersed in the fluid operating under closely
controlled conditions.
3.3
wear scar diameter
WSD
mean diameter of the wear scar produced on the test ball
4 Principle
A sample of the fluid under test is placed in a test reservoir which is maintained at the specified test
temperature. A fixed steel ball is held in a vertically mounted chuck and forced against a horizontally
mounted stationary steel plate with an applied load. The test ball is oscillated at a fixed frequency and
stroke length while the interface with the plate is fully immersed in the fluid. The metallurgies of the
ball and plate, test fluid temperature, load, frequency, stroke length, and the ambient air conditions
of temperature and humidity during the test are specified. The wear scar generated on the test ball is
taken as a measure of the fluid lubricity.
5 Reagents and materials
5.1 Compressed air, if required for drying the equipment (8.1.1 and 8.1.2), supplied at a press
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
01-marec-2015
'L]HOVNRJRULYR2FHQMHYDQMHPD]DOQHVSRVREQRVWL]YLVRNRIUHNYHQþQLP
PHULOQLNRP+)55GHO3UHVNXVQDPHWRGD,62',6
Diesel fuel - Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) -
Part 1: Test method (ISO/DIS 12156-1:2015)
Dieselkraftstoff - Methode zur Bestimmung der Schmierfähigkeit unter Verwendung eines
Schwingungsverschleiß-Prüfgerätes (HFRR) - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren (ISO/DIS 12156-
1:2015)
Carburant diesel - Évaluation du pouvoir lubrifiant au banc alternatif à haute fréquence
(HFRR) - Partie 1: Méthode d'essai (ISO/DIS 12156-1:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 12156-1
ICS:
75.160.20 7HNRþDJRULYD Liquid fuels
oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 12156-1
ISO/TC 22/SC 7 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2015-01-22 2015-04-22
Diesel fuel — Assessment of lubricity using the high-
frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) —
Part 1:
Test method
Carburant diesel — Évaluation du pouvoir lubrifiant au banc alternatif à haute fréquence (HFRR) —
Partie 1: Méthode d’essai
ICS: 75.160.20
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and processed under the ISO lead mode of collaboration
as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member
bodies for a parallel five month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments
received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
formal vote in CEN.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
committee secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
composition will be undertaken at publication stage.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 12156-1:2014(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2014

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
ISO/DIS 12156-1:2014(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
ISO 12156-1:2014(E)
Contents
Foreword . 5
Introduction. 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Principle . 8
5 Reagents and materials . 8
6 Apparatus . 9
7 Sampling . 12
8 Preparation and calibration . 12
8.1 Preparation of apparatus . 12
8.1.1 Test plates and balls . 12
8.1.2 Hardware . 12
8.2 Calibration and correction . 12
8.2.1 Temperature . 12
8.2.2 Frequency . 13
8.2.3 Stroke length . 13
8.2.4 Test duration . 13
8.2.5 Test rig performance . 13
2 © ISO #### – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
ISO 12156-1:2014(E)
9 Test procedure . 13
10 Measurement of wear scar . 14
10.1 General . 14
10.2 Method “A” – Digital Camera . 14
10.3 Method “B” – Visual Observation . 15
11 Test Results . 15
12 Precision . 15
12.1 General . 15
12.2 Repeatability, r . 16
12.3 Repeatability, R . 16
13 Test report . 16
Annex A (informative) Measurement of HFRR wear scars . 17
Annex B (informative) Major changes in this third edition of ISO 12156-1 . 20
B.1 Added an alternative method of measuring the wear scar . 20
B.2 Removed the HCF (humidity correction factor) applied in former editions . 20
B.3 Eliminate the use of toluene as a cleaning solvent . 20
Bibliography . 21

© ISO #### – All rights reserved 3

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
ISO 12156-1:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 7, Injection
equipment and filters for use on road vehicles, in collaboration with ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and
lubricants.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 12156-1:2006), which has been
technically revised. Details of the major changes (additions, modifications and deletions) agreed by the
committee, and which affect the performance of the products or the technical requirements applicable
to the products, are provided for information in Annex B.
ISO 12156 consists of the following parts, under the general title Diesel fuel — Assessment of lubricity
using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR):
 Part 1: Test method
 Part 2: Limit
Error! Reference source not found.
5

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
ISO 12156-1:2014(E)
Introduction
All diesel fuel injection equipment has some reliance on diesel fuel as a lubricant. Wear due to excessive
friction resulting in shortened life of engine components, such as diesel fuel injection pumps and
injectors, has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in the fuel.
The relationship of test results to diesel injection equipment component distress due to wear has been
demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the
operation of the component .
Test results from fuels tested to this procedure have been found to correlate with many fuel/hardware
combinations and provide an adequate prediction of the lubricating quality of the fuel. The correlation
of paraffinic fuels and biodiesel blends has been validated through 15 years of field experience and
anecdotal data.
This International Standard includes content and data, with permission of ASTM International, from
[3] [1] [2]
ASTM Research Report RR:D02-1718 that is cited in ASTM D6079 and D7688 .
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oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
ISO 12156-1:2014(E)
Diesel fuel — Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency
reciprocating rig (HFRR) — Part 1: Test method
WARNING — Application of this document may involve the use of hazardous materials,
operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicable regulatory limitations
prior to use.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12156 specifies a test method using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR), for
assessing the lubricating property of diesel fuels, including those fuels which may contain a lubricity-
enhancing additive. It defines two methods for measurement of the wear scar; Method “A” - Digital
Camera, and Method “B” - Visual Observation.
This test method applies to fuels used in diesel engines.
NOTE It is not known if this test method will predict the performance of all additive/fuel combinations.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 683-17, Heat-treated steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels — Part 17: Ball and roller bearing
steels
ISO 3290, Roller bearings — Balls — Dimensions and tolerances
ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, K, N, T)
ASTM D 329, Standard Specification for Acetone
ASTM D4057, Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D4177, Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D4306, Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
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oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
ISO 12156-1:2014(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
boundary lubrication
condition in which the friction and wear between two surfaces in relative motion are determined by the
properties of the surfaces and the properties of the contacting fluid, other than bulk viscosity
Note 1 to entry: Metal to metal contact occurs and the chemistry of the system is involved. Physically adsorbed or
chemically reacted soft films (usually very thin) support contact loads. As a result, some wear is inevitable.
3.2
lubricity
qualitative term describing the ability of a fluid to affect friction between, and wear to, surfaces in
relative motion under load
Note 1 to entry: In this test method, the lubricity of a fluid is evaluated by the wear scar, measured in
micrometres, produced on an oscillating ball from contact with a stationary disk immersed in the fluid operating
under closely controlled conditions.
3.3
wear scar diameter
WSD
mean diameter of the wear scar produced on the test ball
4 Principle
A sample of the fluid under test is placed in a test reservoir which is maintained at the specified test
temperature. A fixed steel ball is held in a vertically mounted chuck and forced against a horizontally
mounted stationary steel plate with an applied load. The test ball is oscillated at a fixed frequency and
stroke length while the interface with the plate is fully immersed in the fluid. The metallurgies of the
ball and plate, test fluid temperature, load, frequency, stroke length, and the ambient air conditions of
temperature and humidity during the test are specified. The wear scar generated on the test ball is
taken as a measure of the fluid lubricity.
5 Reagents and materials
5.1 Compressed air, if required for drying the equipment (see 7.1.2), supplied at a pressure of
3 3
140 kPa to 210 kPa and containing less than 0,1 ml/m hydrocarbons and less than 50 ml/m water.
WARNING — Use with extreme caution in the presence of combustible material.
5.2 Acetone, in accordance with ASTM D 329.
WARNING — Extremely flammable. Vapours may cause flash fire.
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oSIST prEN ISO 12156-1:2015
ISO 12156-1:2014(E)
1
5.3 Reference fluids
WARNING — Flammable.
Two reference fluids, Fluid “A” – High (Good) Lubricity Reference and Fluid “B” – Low (Poor) Lubricity
Reference, produced in accordance with ISO Guide 34 and ISO Guide 35, shall be used for verifying the
performance of the test apparatus. They shall be clearly marked with the HFRR value (WSD) and its
expanded uncertainty, expressed in micrometres. Store reference fluids in clean, borosilicate glass with
an aluminium foil-lined insert cap or fully epoxy-lined metal container. Store in a dark location.
5.4 Gloves, appropriate for the reagents used.
5.5 Heptane, reagent grade
WARNING — Extremely flammable. Vapours may cause flash fire.
5.6 Isooctane, reagent grade
WARNING — Extremely flammable. Vapours may cause flash fire.
5.7 2-propanol, reagent grade
WARNING — Extremely flammable. Vapours may cause flash fire.

5.8 Wiper, wiping tissue, light-duty, lint-free, hydrocarbon-free, disposable
6 Apparatus
2)
6.1 Test apparatus , (see Figure 1), capable of engaging a steel ball loaded against a stationary steel
plate with an applied load and oscillating at a fixed frequency and stroke length while the contact
interface is fully immersed in a fluid according to the test conditions given in Table 1.
The fluid reservoir shall be capable of holding a test plate in a rigid manner and shall also contain the
test fluid. The temperature of this reservoir, and consequently the test fluid contained in it, should be
achieved by means of an electrically controlled heater pad to which the fluid reservoir is closely
attached.
The apparatus control unit for controlling variable parameters shall include provision for electronic
data storage and retrieval, and for electronic calibration of the stroke length.

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