SIST EN 1991-1-1:2004
(Main)Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-1: General actions - Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings
Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-1: General actions - Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings
(1) EN 1991-1-1 gives design guidance and actions for the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works including some geotechnical aspects for the following subjects:
- Densities of construction materials and stored materials;
- Self-weight of construction works;
- Imposed loads for buildings.
(2) Section 4 and Annex A give nominal values for densities of specific building materials, additional materials for bridges and stored materials. In addition for specific materials the angle of repose is provided.
(3) Section 5 provides methods for the assessment of the characteristic values of self-weight of construction works.
(4) Section 6 gives characteristic values of imposed loads for floors and roofs according to category of use in the following areas in buildings:
- residential, social, commercial and administration areas;
- garage and vehicle traffic areas;
- areas for storage and industrial activities;
- roofs;
- helicopter landing areas.
(5) The loads on traffic areas given in Section 6 refer to vehicles up to a gross vehicle weight of 160 kN. The design for traffic areas for heavy vehicles of more than 160 kN gross weight needs to be agreed with the relevant authority. Further information may be obtained from EN 1991-2.
(6) For barriers or walls having the function of barriers, horizontal forces are given in Section 6. Annex B gives additional guidance for vehicle barriers in car parks.
NOTE Forces due to vehicle impact are specified in EN 1991-1-7 and EN 1991-2.
(7) For the design situations and effects of actions in silos and tanks caused by water or other materials see EN 1991-3.
Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke - Teil 1-1: Wichten, Eigengewicht und Nutzlasten im Hochbau
Eurocode 1: Actions sur les structures - Partie 1-1: Actions générales - Poids volumiques, poids propres, charges d'exploitation bâtiments
(1) L'EN 1991-1-1 définit des actions et fournit des indications pour la conception structurale de bâtiments et d'ouvrages de génie civil, ainsi que des considérations géotechniques ; les éléments considérés sont les suivants :
poids volumiques des matériaux de construction et des matériaux stockés ;
poids propre des constructions ;
charges d'exploitation pour les bâtiments.
(2) La section 4 et l'Annexe A donnent les valeurs nominales des poids volumiques de certains matériaux de construction, de matériaux pour les ponts et de matériaux en dépôt. Pour certains matériaux, on donne en outre l'angle de talus naturel.
(3) La section 5 fournit des méthodes d'évaluation des valeurs caractéristiques du poids propre des constructions.
(4) La section 6 donne des valeurs caractéristiques des charges d'exploitation pour les planchers et les couvertures ; ces valeurs sont définies en fonction de la catégorie d'usage des bâtiments :
résidentiel, social, commercial et administratif ;
garages et surfaces affectées a la circulation des véhicules ;
aires de stockage et surfaces affectées a des activités industrielles ;
toitures ;
hélistations.
(5) Les charges sur les aires de circulation, données a la section 6, concernent les véhicules d'un poids total autorisé en charge 160 kN. Le calcul des aires de circulation accessibles aux véhicules lourds d'un poids total autorisé en charge 160 kN nécessite d'etre convenu avec l'autorité concernée. On trouvera des informations complémentaires dans l'EN 1991-2.
(6) Pour les barrieres ou les murs faisant fonction de barriere, les forces horizontales sont indiquées dans la section 6. L'Annexe B donne des indications complémentaires pour les barrieres de sécurité dans les parkings.
NOTE Les forces dues aux chocs de véhicules sont spécifiées dans l'EN 1991-1-7 et dans l'EN 1991-2.
(7) Pour les situations de projet et les effets des actions de l'eau ou d'autres matériaux dans les silos et les réservoirs, on se re
Eurocode 1: Vplivi na konstrukcije – 1-1. del: Splošni vplivi – Gostote, lastna teža, koristne obtežbe stavb
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2004
1DGRPHãþD
SIST ENV 1991-2-1:1998
Eurocode 1: Vplivi na konstrukcije – 1-1. del: Splošni vplivi – Gostote, lastna teža,
koristne obtežbe stavb
Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-1: General actions - Densities, self-weight,
imposed loads for buildings
Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke - Teil 1-1: Wichten, Eigengewicht und
Nutzlasten im Hochbau
Eurocode 1: Actions sur les structures - Partie 1-1: Actions générales - Poids
volumiques, poids propres, charges d'exploitation bâtiments
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1991-1-1:2002
ICS:
91.010.30 7HKQLþQLYLGLNL Technical aspects
91.040.01 Stavbe na splošno Buildings in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 1991-1-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2002
ICS 91.010.30 Supersedes ENV 1991-2-1:1995
English version
Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-1: General actions -
Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings
Eurocode 1: Actions sur les structures - Partie 1-1: Actions Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke - Teil 1-1:
générales - Poids volumiques, poids propres, charges Wichten, Eigengewicht und Nutzlasten im Hochbau
d'exploitation bâtiments
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 November 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1991-1-1:2002 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD. 4
BACKGROUND OF THE EUROCODE PROGRAMME . 4
STATUS AND FIELD OF APPLICATION OF EUROCODES. 5
NATIONAL STANDARDS IMPLEMENTING EUROCODES. 6
LINKS BETWEEN EUROCODES AND HARMONISED TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (ENS AND ETAS) FOR
PRODUCTS. 6
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SPECIFIC FOR EN 1991-1-1 . 6
NATIONAL ANNEX FOR EN 1991-1-1 . 7
SECTION 1 GENERAL . 8
1.1 SCOPE . 8
1.2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES. 9
1.3 DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATION RULES. 9
1.4 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS. 10
1.5 SYMBOLS . 11
SECTION 2 CLASSIFICATION OF ACTIONS . 12
2.1 SELF-WEIGHT . 12
2.2 IMPOSED LOADS .12
SECTION 3 DESIGN SITUATIONS .14
3.1 GENERAL . 14
3.2 PERMANENT LOADS . 14
3.3 IMPOSED LOADS .14
3.3.1 General. 14
3.3.2 Additional provisions for buildings. 15
SECTION 4 DENSITIES OF CONSTRUCTION AND STORED MATERIALS . 16
4.1 GENERAL . 16
SECTION 5 SELF-WEIGHT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS. 17
5.1 REPRESENTATION OF ACTIONS . 17
5.2 CHARACTERISTIC VALUES OF SELF-WEIGHT . 17
5.2.1 General. 17
5.2.2 Additional provisions for buildings. 17
5.2.3 Additional provisions specific for bridges. 18
SECTION 6 IMPOSED LOADS ON BUILDINGS . 19
6.1 REPRESENTATION OF ACTIONS . 19
OAD ARRANGEMENTS
6.2 L . 19
6.2.1 Floors, beams and roofs. 19
6.2.2 Columns and walls . 19
6.3 CHARACTERISTIC VALUES OF IMPOSED LOADS . 20
6.3.1 Residential, social, commercial and administration areas . 20
6.3.1.1 Categories.20
6.3.1.2 Values of actions.21
6.3.2 Areas for storage and industrial activities . 24
6.3.2.1 Categories.24
6.3.2.2 Values for Actions.24
6.3.2.3 Actions induced by forklifts .25
6.3.2.4 Actions induced by transport vehicles.26
6.3.2.5 Actions induced by special devices for maintenance.27
6.3.3 Garages and vehicle traffic areas (excluding bridges) . 27
6.3.3.1 Categories.27
6.3.3.2 Values of actions.27
6.3.4 Roofs . 28
6.3.4.1 Categories.28
6.3.4.2 Values of actions.29
6.4 HORIZONTAL LOADS ON PARAPETS AND PARTITION WALLS ACTING AS BARRIERS. 30
OADED AREAS
L . 31
(INFORMATIVE)
ANNEX A TABLES FOR NOMINAL DENSITY OF CONSTRUCTION
MATERIALS, AND NOMINAL DENSITY AND ANGLES OF REPOSE FOR STORED
MATERIALS. 32
ANNEX B (INFORMATIVE) VEHICLE BARRIERS AND PARAPETS FOR CAR PARKS . 43
Foreword
This document (EN 1991-1-1:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee
CEN/TC 250 "Structural Eurocodes", the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by
publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2002, and
conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2010.
CEN/TC 250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes.
This document supersedes ENV 1991-2-1:1995.
The annexes A and B are informative.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards
organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European
Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Background of the Eurocode programme
In 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme
in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the
programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of
technical specifications.
Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of
harmonised technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage,
would serve as an alternative to the national rules in force in the Member States and,
ultimately, would replace them.
For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with
Representatives of Member States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes
programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s.
In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the
basis of an agreement between the Commission and CEN, to transfer the preparation
and the publication of the Eurocodes to CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to
provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the
Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Council’s Directives and/or Commission’s
Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on
Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN)
concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and civil engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89).
construction products - CPD - and Council Directives 93/37/EEC, 92/50/EEC and
89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in
pursuit of setting up the internal market).
The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally
consisting of a number of Parts:
EN 1990 Eurocode : Basis of Structural Design
EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures
EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures
EN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures
EN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures
EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures
EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design
EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance
EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures
Eurocode standards recognise the responsibility of regulatory authorities in each
Member State and have safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory
safety matters at national level where these continue to vary from State to State.
Status and field of application of Eurocodes
The Member States of the EU and EFTA recognise that Eurocodes serve as reference
documents for the following purposes:
– as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the
essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC, particularly Essential
Requirement N°1 – Mechanical resistance and stability – and Essential Requirement
N°2 – Safety in case of fire ;
– as a basis for specifying contracts for cons
...
SLOVENSKI SIST EN 1991-1-1
STANDARD
september 2004
Evrokod 1: Vplivi na konstrukcije –1-1. del: Splošni vplivi – Prostorninske
teže, lastna teža, koristne obtežbe stavb (istoveten z EN 1991-1-1:2000)
Eurocode 1: Actions on structures – Part 1-1: General actions – Densities,
self-weight, imposed loads for buildings
Eurocode 1: Actions sur les structures – Partie 1-1: Actions générales – Poids
volumiques, poids propres, charges d'exploitation bâtiments
Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke – Teil 1-1: Wichten, Eigengewicht und
Nutzlasten im Hochbau
ICS 91.010.30; 91.040.01 Referenčna oznaka
Nadaljevanje na straneh od II do IV in od 2 do 33
© 2004-12. Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
SIST EN 1991-1-1 : 2004
NACIONALNI UVOD
Standard SIST EN 1991-1-1 (sl), Evrokod 1: Vplivi na konstrukcije – 1-1. del: Splošni vplivi –
Prostorninske teže, lastna teža, koristne obtežbe stavb, 2004, ima status slovenskega standarda in je
enakovreden evropskemu standardu EN 1991-1-1 (en), Eurocode 1: Actions on structures – Part 1-1:
General actions – Densities, self-weight and imposed loads for buildings, 2002-04.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Evropski standard EN 1991-1-1:2002 je pripravil tehnični odbor Evropskega komiteja za
standardizacijo CEN/TC 250 Konstrukcijski evrokodi, katerega tajništvo je v pristojnosti BSI.
Slovenski standard SIST EN 1991-1-1:2004 je prevod evropskega standarda EN 1991-1-1:2002. V
primeru spora glede besedila slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je odločilen izvirni evropski
standard v angleškem jeziku. Slovensko izdajo standarda je pripravil tehnični odbor SIST/TC KON
Konstrukcije.
V skladu s standardom EN 1991-1-1 bo pripravljen nacionalni dodatek k standardu SIST EN 1991-1-1.
Nacionalni dodatek bo vseboval alternativne postopke, vrednosti in priporočila za razrede z
opombami, ki kažejo, kje se lahko uveljavi nacionalna izbira. Zato nacionalni dodatek z oznako SIST
EN 1991-1-1:2004/A101 vsebuje nacionalno določene parametre, ki jih je treba uporabiti pri
projektiranju stavb in gradbenih inženirskih objektov, ki bodo zgrajeni v Republiki Sloveniji.
Nacionalna izbira je v SIST EN 1991-1-1 dovoljena v:
− 2.2(3),
− 5.2.3(1) do 5.2.3(5),
− 6.3.1.1 (preglednica 6.1),
− 6.3.1.2(1)P (preglednica 6.2),
− 6.3.1.2(10) in (11),
− 6.3.2.2(1)P (preglednica 6.4),
− 6.3.2.2(3),
− 6.3.3.2(1) (preglednica 6.8),
− 6.3.4.2 (preglednica 6.10) in
− 6.4(1)P (preglednica 6.12).
ZVEZA S STANDARDI
V standardu SIST EN 1991-1-1 pomeni sklicevanje na evropske in mednarodne standarde, ki je
vključeno v ta evropski standard, sklicevanje na enakovredne slovenske standarde, npr.:
EN 1990 pomeni SIST EN 1990.
PREDHODNA IZDAJA
SIST ENV 1991-2-1:1998 Eurocode 1: Osnove projektiranja in vplivi na konstrukcije - Del 2-1: Vplivi
na konstrukcije - Gostote, lastna teža in koristne obtežbe
OPOMBE
− Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz “evropski standard”, v
− Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.
II
SIST EN 1991-1-1 : 2004
− Ta nacionalni dokument je istoveten EN 1991-1-1:2002 in je objavljen z dovoljenjem
CEN
Rue de Stassart 36
1050 Bruselj
Belgija
– This national document is identical with EN 1990:2002 and is published with the permission of
CEN
Rue de Stassart, 36
1050 Bruxelles
Belgium
III
SIST EN 1991-1-1 : 2004
(Prazna stran)
IV
EVROPSKI STANDARD EN 1991-1-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
NORME EUROPÉENNE april 2002
ICS 91.010.30
Slovenska izdaja
Evrokod 1: Vplivi na konstrukcije –1-1. del: Splošni vplivi – Prostorninske teže,
lastna teža, koristne obtežbe stavb
Eurocode 1: Actions on Eurocode 1: Actions sur les Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf
structures – Part 1-1: General structures – Partie 1-1: Actions Tragwerke – Teil 1-1: Wichten,
actions – Densities, self-weight, générales – Poids volumiques, Eigengewicht und Nutzlasten im
imposed loads for buildings poids propres, charges Hochbau
d'exploitation bâtiments
Ta evropski standard je sprejel CEN dne 2001-11-30. Članice CEN morajo izpolnjevati določila
poslovnika CEN/CENELEC, s katerim je predpisano, da mora biti ta standard brez kakršnihkoli
sprememb sprejet kot nacionalni standard.
Seznami najnovejših izdaj teh nacionalnih standardov in njihovi bibliografski podatki so na voljo vpri
osrednjem tajništvu sekretariatu ali članicah CEN.
Evropski standardi obstajajo v treh izvirnih izdajah (nemški, angleški in francoski). Izdaje v drugih
jezikih, ki jih članice CEN na lastno odgovornost prevedejo in izdajo ter prijavijo pri osrednjem tajništvu
sekretariatu CEN, veljajo kot uradne izdaje.
Članice CEN so nacionalne ustanove za standardizacijo Avstrije, Belgije, Češke republike, Danske,
Finske, Francije, Grčije, Irske, Islandije, Italije, Luksemburga, Malta, Nemčije, Nizozemske, Norveške,
Portugalske, Španije, Švedske, Švice in Združenega kraljestva.
CEN
Evropski komite za standardizacijo
European Committee for Standardization
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Osrednji sekretariat: Rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Bruselj
© 2002 Avtorske pravice imajo vse države članice CEN. Ref. št. EN 1991-1-1:2002 E
SIST EN 1991-1-1 : 2004
VSEBINA Stran
Predgovor .4
Ozadje programa evrokodov.4
Status in področje veljavnosti evrokodov .5
Nacionalne izdaje evrokodov .5
Zveze med evrokodi in harmoniziranimi tehničnimi specifikacijami (EN in ETA) za proizvode.6
Dodatne informacije o EN 1991-1-1.6
Nacionalni dodatek k EN 1991-1-1 .6
1 Splošno.6
1.1 Področje uporabe .6
1.2 Zveza z drugimi standardi .7
1.3 Razlika med načeli in pravili za uporabo.7
1.4 Izrazi in definicije .8
1.5 Simboli.8
2 Razvrstitev vplivov.9
2.1 Lastna teža .9
2.2 Koristne obtežbe.9
3 Projektna stanja.10
3.1 Splošno.10
3.2 Lastna teža.10
3.3 Koristne obtežbe.10
3.3.1 Splošno.10
3.3.2 Dodatne določbe za stavbe.10
4 Prostroninska teža gradbenih in uskladiščenih materialov .11
4.1 Splošno.11
5 Lastna teža gradbenih objektov .11
5.1 Predstavitev vplivov.11
5.2 Karakteristične vrednosti lastne teže .12
5.2.1 Splošno.12
5.2.2 Dodatne določbe za stavbe.12
5.2.3 Dodatne določbe za mostove.12
6 Koristne obtežbe v stavbah .13
6.1 Predstavitev vplivov.13
6.2 Razpored obtežbe .13
6.2.1 Tla, nosilci, strehe .13
6.2.2 Stebri in stene.13
6.3 Karakteristične vrednosti koristne obtežbe .13
6.3.1 Stanovanjske, javne, trgovske in upravne površine.13
6.3.1.1 Kategorije .13
6.3.1.2 Vrednosti vplivov .14
SIST EN 1991-1-1 : 2004
6.3.2 Skladiščne in industrijske površine .16
6.3.2.1 Kategorije .16
6.3.2.2 Vrednosti vplivov .16
6.3.2.3 Vplivi viličarjev .17
6.3.2.4 Vplivi transportnih vozil.18
6.3.2.5 Vplivi posebnih vzdrževalnih naprav.18
6.3.3 Garaže in površine za promet z vozili (razen mostov).18
6.3.3.1 Kategorije .18
6.3.3.2 Vrednosti vplivov .19
6.3.4 Strehe .19
6.3.4.1 Kategorije .19
6.3.4.2 Vrednosti vplivov .20
6.4 Vodoravne obtežbe parapetov in predelnih sten, ki imajo vlogo varnostnih pregrad .21
Dodatek A (informativni): Preglednice nazivnih vrednosti prostorninske teže gradbenih materialov
in nazivnih vrednosti prostorninske teže ter kotov notranjega trenja za uskladiščene materiale .22
Dodatek B (informativni): Ograje za vozila in parapeti na parkiriščih za avtomobile .32
Nacionalni dodatek k SIST EN 1991-1-1 (normativni) .33
Literatura .34
SIST EN 1991-1-1 : 2004
Predgovor
Ta dokument (EN 1991-1-1:2002) je pripravil tehnični odbor CEN/TC 250 Konstrukcijski evrokodi,
katerega sekretariat je na BSI.
Ta evropski standard mora postati nacionalni standard z objavo istovetnega besedila ali z uradno
razglasitvijo najpozneje do oktobra 2002, nacionalni standardi, ki so z njim v nasprotju, pa morajo biti
umaknjeni najpozneje marca 2010.
CEN/TC 250 je odgovoren za vse konstrukcijske evrokode.
Ta dokument nadomešča ENV 1991-2-1:1995.
Dodatka A in B sta informativna.
Po določilih notranjih predpisov CEN/CENELEC so ta evropski standard dolžne sprejeti nacionalne
organizacije za standarde naslednjih držav: Avstri
...
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