SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
(Main)Petroleum products - Determination of knock characteristics of motor and aviation fuels - Motor method (ISO 5163:2005)
Petroleum products - Determination of knock characteristics of motor and aviation fuels - Motor method (ISO 5163:2005)
This International Standard establishes the rating of liquid spark-ignition engine fuel in terms of an arbitrary scale of octane numbers using a standard single-cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable-compression ratio, carburetted, CFR engine operated at constant speed. Motor octane number (MON) provides a measure of the knock characteristics of motor fuels in automotive engines under severe conditions of operation. The motor octane number provides a measure of the knock characteristics of aviation fuels in aviation piston engines, by using an equation to correlate to aviation-method octane number or performance number (lean-mixture aviation rating). This International Standard is applicable for the entire scale range from 0 MON to 120 MON, but the working range is 40 MON to 120 MON. Typical motor fuel testing is in the range of 80 MON to 90 MON. Typical aviation fuel testing is in the range of 98 MON to 102 MON. This International Standard can be used for oxygenate-containing fuels containing up to 4,0 % (m/m) oxygen. Certain gases and fumes, such as halogenated refrigerants used in air-conditioning equipment that can be present in the area where the CFR engine is located, may have a measurable effect on the MON rating. Electrical power transient voltage or frequency surges or distortion can affect MON ratings.
Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Klopffestigkeit von Otto- und Flugkraftstoffen - Motor-Verfahren (ISO 5163:2005)
Diese Internationale Norm legt die Bestimmung der Klopffestigkeit von Kraftstoffen für Ottomotoren fest,
angegeben nach einer vereinbarten Skala von Octanzahlen, und zwar unter Verwendung eines genormten
CFR-Motors (Viertakt, Einzylinder, Vergaser, variables Verdichtungsverhältnis), der bei konstanter
Geschwindigkeit betrieben wird. Die Motor-Octanzahl (MOZ) ist ein Maß für die Klopffestigkeit von Kraftstoffen
für Ottomotoren unter schweren Betriebsbedingungen. Für Kolben-Verbrennungsmotoren für den Flugbetrieb
erlaubt die Motor-Octanzahl (MOZ) eine Bestimmung der Klopffestigkeit, indem mit einer Gleichung die
Korrelation zur Octanzahl für den Flugbetrieb (?Aviation Method?) bzw. zur Leistungszahl (?lean mixture
aviation rating?) hergestellt wird.
Diese Internationale Norm ist anwendbar auf den gesamten Bereich von 0 MOZ bis 120 MOZ, der
Arbeitsbereich ist jedoch 40 MOZ bis 120 MOZ. Der typische Bereich zur Bewertung von Otto-Kraftstoffen ist
80 MOZ bis 90 MOZ. Der typische Bereich zur Bewertung von Flugkraftstoffen ist 98 MOZ bis 102 MOZ.
Diese Internationale Norm kann für Kraftstoffe mit sauerstoffhaltigen Komponenten bis zu einem Gehalt an
Sauerstoff von 4 % (m/m) angewandt werden.
Bestimmte Gase und Dämpfe, wie halogenierte Kühlmittel aus Klimaanlagen, die in der Umgebung des CFR-Motors
anwesend sein können, können einen messbaren Effekt auf die MOZ-Bestimmung haben. Elektrische
Spannungs- oder Frequenzstörungen können die MOZ-Bestimmungen auch beeinflussen.
ANMERKUNG 1 Diese Internationale Norm legt Betriebsbedingungen in SI-Einheiten fest, die Maße des Prüfmotors
sind jedoch Inch-Pound-Einheiten, da dies die Fertigungsmaße sind, und deshalb enthalten einige Verweise in dieser
Internationalen Norm diese Einheiten in Klammern.
ANMERKUNG 2 Für den Zweck dieser Internationalen Norm dürfen die Symbole % (V/V) bzw. % (m/m) verwendet
werden, um Volumenanteile in % bzw. Massenanteile in % auszudrücken.
Produits pétroliers - Détermination des caractéristiques antidétonantes des carburants pour moteurs automobile et aviation - Méthode moteur (ISO 5163:2005)
L'ISO 5163:2005 spécifie une méthode de cotation des carburants liquides pour moteurs à allumage commandé, exprimée sur une échelle arbitraire d'indice d'octane, en utilisant un moteur monocylindre à quatre temps, à taux de compression variable, à carburateur, le moteur CFR fonctionnant à vitesse constante. L'indice d'octane moteur (MON) constitue une mesure des caractéristiques antidétonantes des carburants dans les moteurs pour automobiles dans des conditions de fonctionnement sévères. L'indice d'octane moteur constitue une mesure des caractéristiques antidétonantes des essences aviation dans les moteurs d'avion à pistons, en utilisant une équation pour le corréler à l'indice d'octane méthode aviation, ou indice de performance (indice aviation mélange pauvre).
L'ISO 5163:2005 s'applique dans une gamme d'indices d'octane allant de 0 MON à 120 MON, mais les essais courants se font entre 40 MON et 120 MON. La gamme de mesure classique pour les carburants moteurs va de 80 MON à 90 MON, tandis que pour les essences aviation elle va de 98 MON à 102 MON.
L'ISO 5163:2005 est applicable aux carburants qui comportent des oxygénés et contiennent au maximum 4,0 % (m/m) d'oxygène.
Naftni proizvodi – Določanje oktanskega števila motornih in letalskih goriv – Motorna metoda (ISO 5163:2005)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
01-januar-2006
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 25163:1998
1DIWQLSURL]YRGL±'RORþDQMHRNWDQVNHJDãWHYLODPRWRUQLKLQOHWDOVNLKJRULY±
0RWRUQDPHWRGD ,62
Petroleum products - Determination of knock characteristics of motor and aviation fuels -
Motor method (ISO 5163:2005)
Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Klopffestigkeit von Otto- und Flugkraftstoffen -
Motor-Verfahren (ISO 5163:2005)
Produits pétroliers - Détermination des caractéristiques antidétonantes des carburants
pour moteurs automobile et aviation - Méthode moteur (ISO 5163:2005)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 5163:2005
ICS:
75.160.20 7HNRþDJRULYD Liquid fuels
SIST EN ISO 5163:2006 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 5163
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2005
ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes EN 25163:1993
English Version
Petroleum products - Determination of knock characteristics of
motor and aviation fuels - Motor method (ISO 5163:2005)
Produits pétroliers - Détermination des caractéristiques Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Klopffestigkeit von
antidétonantes des carburants pour moteurs automobile et Otto- und Flugkraftstoffen - Motor-Verfahren (ISO
aviation - Méthode moteur (ISO 5163:2005) 5163:2005)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 September 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 5163:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
EN ISO 5163:2005 (E)
Foreword
The text of ISO 5163:2005 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28 "Petroleum
products and lubricants” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has
been taken over as EN ISO 5163:2005 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 "Petroleum
products, lubricants and related products", the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2006, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2006.
This document supersedes EN 25163:1993.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 5163:2005 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 5163:2005 without any
modifications.
2
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 5163
Third edition
2005-06-15
Petroleum products — Determination of
knock characteristics of motor and
aviation fuels — Motor method
Produits pétroliers — Détermination des caractéristiques antidétonantes
des carburants pour moteurs automobile et aviation — Méthode moteur
Reference number
ISO 5163:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
ISO 5163:2005(E)
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
ISO 5163:2005(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 Principle. 3
5 Reagents and reference materials . 3
6 Apparatus . 5
7 Sampling and sample preparation. 5
8 Basic engine and instrument settings and standard operating conditions . 6
9 Engine calibration and qualification. 11
10 Procedure . 13
11 Calculation. 15
12 Expression of results . 16
13 Precision. 16
14 Test report . 17
Bibliography . 19
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
ISO 5163:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 5163 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5163:1990), which has been technically
revised.
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
ISO 5163:2005(E)
Introduction
The purpose of this International Standard is to accord ISO status to a test procedure that is already used in a
standardized form all over the world. The procedure in question is published by ASTM International as
Standard Test Method D 2700-01a.
By publishing this International Standard, ISO recognizes that this method is used in its original text in many
member countries and that the standard equipment and many of the accessories and materials required for
the method are obtainable only from specific manufacturers or suppliers. To carry out the procedure requires
reference to six annexes and three appendices of ASTM D 2700-01a, contained in the Annual Book of ASTM
1)
Standards, Section 5 . The annexes detail the specific equipment and instrumentation required, the critical
component settings and adjustments, and include the working tables of referenced settings. The appendices
provide background and additional insight about auxiliary equipment, operational techniques and the concepts
relative to proper maintenance of the engine and instrumentation items.
The accumulated motor and aviation-type fuel data relating to knock characteristics determined in many
2)
countries has, for many years, been based on the use of the CFR engine and the ASTM octane test
methods. Accepted worldwide, petroleum industry octane number requirements for motor and aviation-type
fuels are defined by the motor method and associated CFR F-2 Octane Rating Unit, which emphasizes the
need for this method and test equipment to be standardized. The initiation of studies to use a different engine
for ISO purposes has therefore been considered an unnecessary duplication of effort.
It is further recognized that this method for rating motor and aviation-type fuels, which does include metric
operating conditions, is nevertheless an exceptional case in that the CFR engine is manufactured to inch
dimensions and requires numerous settings and adjustments to inch dimensions. Application of metrication to
these dimensions and tolerances can only be accomplished by strict numerical conversion which would not
reflect proper metric engineering practice. Attempts to utilize metric measurement instruments for checking
component dimensions to the numerically converted metric values would only introduce an additional source
of test variability.
For these reasons, it has been considered desirable by ISO Technical Committee 28, Petroleum products and
lubricants, to adopt the ASTM D 2700 standard rewritten to comply with the ISO Directives, Part 2, Rules for
the structure and drafting of International Standards. However, this International Standard refers to annexes
and appendices of ASTM D 2700 without change because of their extensive detail. These annexes and
appendices are not included in this International Standard because they are published in the Annual Book of
ASTM Standards, Section 5.
1) Copies may be purchased directly from the publisher, ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA, telephone: +1 610-832-9585, fax: +1 610-832-9555, e-mail:
service@astm.org, website: www.astm.org.
2) The sole manufacturer of the Model CFR F-2 Octane Rating Unit is Waukesha Engine, Dresser, Inc., 1000 West St.
Paul Avenue, Waukesha, WI 53188, USA.
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5163:2005(E)
Petroleum products — Determination of knock characteristics
of motor and aviation fuels — Motor method
WARNING — The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and
equipment. This International Standard does not purport to address of the safety problems associated
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate
safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 Scope
This International Standard establishes the rating of liquid spark-ignition engine fuel in terms of an arbitrary
scale of octane numbers using a standard single-cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable-compression ratio,
carburetted, CFR engine operated at constant speed. Motor octane number (MON) provides a measure of the
knock characteristics of motor fuels in automotive engines under severe conditions of operation. The motor
octane number provides a measure of the knock characteristics of aviation fuels in aviation piston engines, by
using an equation to correlate to aviation-method octane number or performance number (lean-mixture
aviation rating).
This International Standard is applicable for the entire scale range from 0 MON to 120 MON, but the working
range is 40 MON to 120 MON. Typical motor fuel testing is in the range of 80 MON to 90 MON. Typical
aviation fuel testing is in the range of 98 MON to 102 MON.
This International Standard can be used for oxygenate-containing fuels containing up to 4,0 % (m/m) oxygen.
Certain gases and fumes, such as halogenated refrigerants used in air-conditioning equipment that can be
present in the area where the CFR engine is located, may have a measurable effect on the MON rating.
Electrical power transient voltage or frequency surges or distortion can affect MON ratings.
NOTE 1 This International Standard specifies operating conditions in SI units but engine measurements are specified
in inch-pound units because these are the units used in the manufacture of the equipment, and thus some references in
this International Standard include these units in parenthesis.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of this International Standard, the expressions “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent
the mass and volume fractions of a material, respectively.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3170:2004, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
ISO 3171:1988, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling
ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 4787:1984, Laboratory glassware — Volumetric glassware — Methods for use and testing of capacity
ASTM D 2700-01a, Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
ISO 5163:2005(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
check fuel
fuel of selected characteristics that has a MON assigned reference value determined by round-robin testing by
multiple engines in different locations
3.2
cylinder height
relative vertical position of the CFR engine cylinder with respect to the piston at top dead centre (t.d.c.) or the
top machined surface of the crankcase
3.3
dial indicator reading
numerical indication of cylinder height, indexed to a basic setting when the engine is motored with the
compression ratio set to produce a specified compression pressure
NOTE The dial indicator reading is expressed in thousandths of an inch.
3.4
digital counter reading
numerical indication of cylinder height, indexed to a basic setting when the engine is motored with the
compression ratio set to produce a specified compression pressure
3.5
detonation meter
knock signal conditioning instrumentation that accepts the electrical signal from the detonation pickup and
produces an output signal for display
3.6
detonation pickup
magnetostrictive-type transducer that threads into the engine cylinder to sense combustion-chamber pressure
and provide an electrical signal proportional to the rate-of-change of that cylinder pressure
3.7
firing
engine operation with fuel and ignition
3.8
fuel-air ratio for maximum knock intensity
proportion of fuel to air that produces the highest knock intensity for each fuel
3.9
guide table
tabulation of the specific relationship between cylinder height and octane number for the CFR engine operated
at standard knock intensity and a specified barometric pressure
3.10
knock
abnormal combustion, often producing an audible sound, caused by auto-ignition of the air-fuel mixture
3.11
knock intensity
measure of engine knock
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
ISO 5163:2005(E)
3.12
knockmeter
indicating meter with a 0-to-100 division scale that displays the knock intensity signal from the detonation
meter
3.13
lean mixture aviation rating
indication of the knock resistance for a fuel operating in an aviation piston engine under lean fuel-air ratio
conditions
3.14
motoring
engine operation without fuel and with the ignition off
3.15
motor octane number
MON
numerical rating of knock resistance for a fuel obtained by comparing its knock intensity with that of primary
reference fuels of known motor octane number when tested in a standardized CFR engine operating under
conditions specified in this International Standard
3.16
oxygenate
oxygen-containing organic compound, such as various alcohols or ethers, used as a fuel or fuel supplement
3.17
primary reference fuel
PRF
2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane), heptane, volumetrically proportioned mixtures of isooctane with heptane,
or blends of tetraethyl lead in isooctane, which define the octane number scale
3.18
spread
sensitivity of the detonation meter, expressed in knockmeter divisions per octane number
3.19
toluene standardization fuel blend
TSF blend
volumetrically proportioned blend of two or more of the following; reference fuel grade toluene, heptane, and
isooctane, that have MON accepted reference values and specified rating tolerances
4 Principle
A sample fuel, operating in a CFR engine at the fuel-air ratio that maximizes its knock, is compared to primary
reference fuel blends to determine that blend which, when operated at the fuel-air ratio that maximizes its
knock, would result in both fuels producing the same standard knock intensity when tested at the same engine
compression ratio. The volumetric composition of the primary reference fuel blend defines both its octane
number and that of the sample fuel.
5 Reagents and reference materials
5.1 Cylinder-jacket coolant, consisting of water conforming to grade 3 of ISO 3696:1987.
Water shall be used in the cylinder jacket for laboratory locations where the resultant boiling temperature is
100 °C ± 2 °C. Water with commercial glycol-based antifreeze added in sufficient quantity to meet the boiling
temperature requirement shall be used when laboratory altitude dictates.
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
ISO 5163:2005(E)
A commercial multi-functional water treatment material should be used in the coolant to minimize corrosion
and mineral scale that can alter heat transfer and rating results.
5.2 Carburrettor coolant, if required (see 8.30), consisting of water or a water-antifreeze mixture, chilled
sufficiently to prevent fuel bubbling, but neither colder than 0,6 °C nor warmer than 10 °C.
5.3 Engine crankcase-lubricating oil, comprising an SAE 30 viscosity grade oil meeting service
classification SF/CD or SG/CE.
2 2
It shall contain a detergent additive and have a kinematic viscosity of 9,3 mm /s to 12,5 mm /s at 100 °C and
a viscosity index of not less than 85. Oils containing viscosity index improvers shall not be used. Multi-grade
lubricating oils shall not be used.
5.4 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane) primary reference fuel, of minimum purity 99,75 % (V/V),
containing no more than 0,10 % (V/V) heptane and no more than 0,5 mg/l lead. This material shall be
designated as 100 MON.
NOTE Certified reference materials, such as CRM IRMM-442 and NIST SRM 1816a, are commercially available.
5.5 Heptane primary reference fuel, of minimum purity 99,75 % (V/V), containing no more than
0,10 % (V/V) isooctane and no more than 0,5 mg/l lead. This material shall be designated as 0 MON.
NOTE Certified reference materials, such as CRM IRMM-441 and NIST SRM 1815a, are commercially available.
5.6 80-octane primary reference fuel blend, prepared using reference fuel grade isooctane (5.4) and
heptane (5.5); this blend shall contain 80 % (V/V) ± 0,1 % (V/V) isooctane.
NOTE ASTM D 2700-01a, Annex A5 (Reference Fuel Blending Tables), provides information for preparation of
primary reference fuel blends to specific MON values.
5.7 Tetraethyl lead, dilute, (TEL dilute volume basis), consisting of a solution of aviation-mix tetraethyl lead
antiknock compound in a hydrocarbon diluent of 70 % (V/V) xylene and 30 % (V/V) heptane.
The antiknock compound shall contain 18,23 % (m/m) ± 0,05 % (m/m) tetraethyl lead and have a relative
density at 15,6 °C/15,6 °C of 0,957 to 0,967.
NOTE The typical composition of the compound, excluding the tetraethyl lead, is as follows:
Ethylene dibromide (scavenger): 10,6 % (m/m)
Diluent:
xylene 52,5 % (m/m)
heptane 17,8 % (m/m)
dye, antioxidant and inerts 0,87 % (m/m)
5.8 Primary reference fuel blends for ratings over 100 MON, prepared by adding dilute tetraethyl lead
(5.7), in specified millilitre quantities, to a 400 ml volume of isooctane (5.4).
These blends define the MON scale above 100.
NOTE ASTM D 2700-01a, Annex A5 (Reference Fuel Blending Tables), provides the MON values for blends of
tetraethyl lead in isooctane.
5.9 Methylbenzene (toluene), reference fuel grade, with a minimum purity of 99,5 % (V/V) as determined
by chromatographic analysis, a peroxide number not exceeding 5 mg/kg and a water content not exceeding
200 mg/kg.
Antioxidant treatment should be added by the supplier at a rate suitable for long-term stability, as empirically
determined with the assistance of the antioxidant supplier.
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
ISO 5163:2005(E)
5.10 Check fuels, consisting of in-house typical spark-ignition engine fuels having MON accepted reference
values, low volatility and good long-term stability.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Test engine assembly, a CFR F-2 octane rating unit consisting of a single-cylinder engine composed
of a standard crankcase, a variable-compression-ratio cylinder — clamping sleeve assembly, thermal-siphon
recirculating jacket cooling system, multiple-fuel-bowl system with selector valving to deliver fuel through a
single-jet passage and carburettor venturi, an intake mixture manifold with mixture heater, an intake air
system with controlled temperature and humidity equipment, electrical controls, and a suitable exhaust pipe.
The engine shall be connected by a belt to a special electric power-absorption motor that acts as a motor
driver to start the engine and as a means to absorb power at constant speed when combustion is occurring
(engine firing). See ASTM D 2700-01a, Annex A2 (Engine Equipment Description and Specifications), for all
critical, non-critical and equivalent engine equipment, which shall apply for this International Standard.
6.2 Instrumentation, consisting of electronic-detonation metering instrumentation, including a detonation
pickup and knockmeter to measure and display the intensity of combustion knock, as well as conventional
thermometry, gauges and general-purpose meters. See ASTM D 2700-01a, Annex A3 (Instrumentation
Description and Specifications), for all critical, non-critical and equivalent instrumentation, which shall apply for
this International Standard.
NOTE Engine equipment and instrumentation are available from the single-source manufacturer, Waukesha Engine,
Dresser, Inc., 1000 West St. Paul Avenue, Waukesha, WI 53188, USA. Waukesha Engine also has authorized sales and
service organizations in selected geographic areas. This information is given for the convenience of users of this
International Standard but does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product.
6.3 Reference and standardization fuel dispensing equipment, consisting of calibrated burettes or
volumetric ware having a capacity of 200 ml to 500 ml and a maximum volumetric tolerance of ± 0,2 %.
Calibration shall be verified in accordance with ISO 4787. Burettes shall be outfitted with a delivery valve and
delivery tip to accurately control dispensed volumes. The delivery tip shall be of such size and design that
shut-off tip discharge does not exceed 0,5 ml. The rate of delivery from the dispensing system shall not
exceed 400 ml/min.
6.4 Tetraethyl lead (TEL) dispensing equipment, consisting of a calibrated burette, pipette assembly, or
other liquid-dispensing apparatus, having a capacity not exceeding 4,0 ml, and a critically controlled tolerance
for dispensing dilute TEL into 400 ml batches of isooctane.
Calibration shall be verified in accordance with ISO 4787.
NOTE ASTM D 2700-01a, Appendix X1 (Reference Fuel Blending Apparatus and Procedures), provides additional
information for application of this International Standard.
6.5 Special maintenance tools, consisting of a number of specialty tools and measuring instruments
available for easy, convenient and effective maintenance of the engine and testing equipment.
NOTE Lists and descriptions of these tools and instruments are available from the manufacturers of the engine
equipment and those organizations offering engineering and service support for this International Standard.
7 Sampling and sample preparation
7.1 Obtain samples in accordance with ISO 3170, ISO 3171 or an equivalent national standard.
7.2 Cool samples to 2 °C to 10 °C in the container in which they are received and before the container is
opened.
7.3 Minimize the sample's exposure to light before pouring it into the engine carburettor fuel bowl, because
of possible sensitivity to light that can affect fuel characteristics.
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 5
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SIST EN ISO 5163:2006
ISO 5163:2005(E)
8 Basic engine and instrument settings and standard operating conditions
8.1 Installation of engine equipment and instrumentation
Locate the octane test engine in an area where it will not be affected by certain gases and fumes that may have
a measurable effect on the MON test result (see Clause 1).
Installation of the engine and instrumentation requires placement of the engine on a suitable foundation and
hook-up of all utilities. Engineering and technical support for this function is required, and the user shall be
responsible for complying with all local and national codes and installation requirements. Proper operation of the
test engine requires assembly of a number of engine components and adjustment of a series of engine variables
to prescribed specifications. Some of these settings are es
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