SIST EN 16603-35-06:2022
(Main)Space engineering - Cleanliness requirements for spacecraft propulsion hardware
Space engineering - Cleanliness requirements for spacecraft propulsion hardware
EN 16603-35-06 (equivalent of ECSS-E-ST-35-06) belongs to the Propulsion field of the mechanical discipline, and concerns itself with the cleanliness of propulsion components, sub-systems and systems
The standard
- defines design requirements which allow for cleaning of propulsion components sub-systems and systems and which avoid generation or unwanted collection of contamination,
- identifies cleanliness requirements (e.g. which particle / impurity / wetness level can be tolerated),
- defines requirements on cleaning to comply with the cleanliness level requirements, and the requirements on verification,
- identifies the cleanliness approach, cleaning requirements, (e.g. what needs to be done to ensure the tolerable level is not exceeded, compatibility requirements),
- identifies, specifies and defines the requirements regarding conditions under which cleaning or cleanliness verification takes place (e.g. compatibility, check after environmental test).
The standard is applicable to the most commonly used propulsion systems and their related storable propellant combinations: Hydrazine (N2H4), Mono Methyl Hydrazine (CH3N2H3), MON (Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen), Nitrogen (N2), Helium (He), Propane (C3H8), Butane (C4H10) and Xenon (Xe).
This standard is the basis for the European spacecraft and spacecraft propulsion industry to define, achieve and verify the required cleanliness levels in spacecraft propulsion systems.
This standard is particularly applicable to spacecraft propulsion as used for satellites and (manned) spacecraft and any of such projects including its ground support equipment.
External cleanliness requirements, e.g. outside of tanks, piping and aspects such as fungus and outgassing are covered by ECSS-Q-ST-70-01.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constraints of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
Raumfahrttechnik - Sauberkeitsanforderungen für die Antriebstechnik von Raumfahrzeugen
EN 16603-35-06 (equivalent of ECSS-E-ST-35-06) belongs to the Propulsion field of the mechanical discipline, and concerns itself with the cleanliness of propulsion components, sub-systems and systems The standard
• defines design requirements which allow for cleaning of propulsion components sub-systems and systems and which avoid generation or unwanted collection of contamination,
• identifies cleanliness requirements (e.g. which particle / impurity / wetness level can be tolerated),
• defines requirements on cleaning to comply with the cleanliness level requirements, and the requirements on verification,
• identifies the cleanliness approach, cleaning requirements, (e.g. what needs to be done to ensure the tolerable level is not exceeded, compatibility requirements),
• identifies, specifies and defines the requirements regarding conditions under which cleaning or cleanliness verification takes place (e.g. compatibility, check after environmental test).
The standard is applicable to the most commonly used propulsion systems and their related storable propellant combinations: Hydrazine (N2H4), Mono Methyl Hydrazine (CH3N2H3), MON (Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen), Nitrogen (N2), Helium (He), Propane (C3H8), Butane (C4H10) and Xenon (Xe).
This standard is the basis for the European spacecraft and spacecraft propulsion industry to define, achieve and verify the required cleanliness levels in spacecraft propulsion systems.
This standard is particularly applicable to spacecraft propulsion as used for satellites and (manned) spacecraft and any of such projects including its ground support equipment.
External cleanliness requirements, e.g. outside of tanks, piping and aspects such as fungus and outgassing are covered by ECSS-Q-ST-70-01.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constraints of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
Ingénierie spatiale - Exigences de propreté du matériel de propulsion des engins spatiaux
L'ECSS-E-ST-35-06 relève du domaine de la Propulsion rattaché à la discipline mécanique, et traite de la propreté des composants, des sous-systèmes et des systèmes de propulsion.
La présente norme
• définit les exigences de conception pour permettre le nettoyage des composants, sous-systèmes et systèmes et éviter la génération ou l'accumulation indésirable de contamination,
• identifie les exigences de propreté (par exemple : niveau de particules/d'impureté/d'humidité tolérable),
• définit les exigences à observer en matière de nettoyage afin de se conformer aux exigences de niveau de propreté, ainsi qu'aux exigences de vérification,
• identifie l'approche à adopter en termes de propreté, les exigences de nettoyage (par exemple : les actions à mener pour garantir de ne pas excéder le niveau tolérable, les exigences en termes de compatibilité),
• identifie, spécifie et définit les exigences relatives aux conditions dans lesquelles les opérations de nettoyage ou de vérification de la propreté se déroulent (par exemple : compatibilité, contrôle après essai environnemental).
La présente norme s'applique aux systèmes de propulsion les plus couramment utilisés, ainsi qu'à leurs combinaisons correspondantes de propergols stockables : hydrazine (N2H4), monométhylhydrazine (CH3N2H3), MON (oxydes d'azote mélangés), azote (N2), hélium (He), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10) et xénon (Xe).
La présente norme constitue pour l'industrie européenne des engins spatiaux et de la propulsion spatiale un cadre de référence pour définir, atteindre et vérifier les niveaux de propreté requis dans les systèmes de propulsion des engins spatiaux.
Cette norme s'applique plus particulièrement à la propulsion spatiale utilisée pour les satellites et les engins spatiaux (habités), ainsi qu'à tout projet connexe, en incluant les équipements de support au sol correspondants.
Les exigences de propreté extérieure, par exemple, extérieur des réservoirs, tuyauterie et autres aspects tels que les champignons et le dégazage, sont couvertes dans l'ECSS-Q-ST-70-01.
La présente norme peut être adaptée aux caractéristiques et contraintes spécifiques d'un projet spatial conformément à l'ECSS-S-ST-00.
Vesoljska tehnika - Zahteve za čistočo pogonske tehnike vesoljskih plovil
Standard EN 16603-35-06 (enakovreden standardu ECSS-E-ST-35-06) pripada pogonskemu področju strojne discipline in zajema zahteve za čistočo pogonskih sestavnih delov, podsistemov in sistemov.
Standard:
– določa zahteve za projektiranje, ki omogočajo čiščenje pogonskih sestavnih delov, podsistemov in sistemov ter preprečujejo nastanek ali neželeno nabiranje onesnaženja;
– določa zahteve za čistočo (npr. kateri delec/nečistoča/raven vlažnosti je še dopusten);
– določa zahteve glede čiščenja v skladu z zahtevami ravni čistoče in zahtevami za preverjanje;
– opredeljuje pristop za čistočo, zahteve za čiščenje (npr. kaj je treba storiti, da se zagotovi, da dopustna raven ni presežena, zahteve za združljivost);
– opredeljuje, specificira in določa zahteve v zvezi s pogoji, pod katerimi poteka preverjanje čiščenja ali čistoče (npr. združljivost, preverjanje po okoljskem preskusu).
Ta standard se uporablja za večino najpogosteje uporabljenih pogonskih sistemov in njihovih povezanih kombinacij pogonskih goriv, ki jih je mogoče shraniti: hidrazin (N2H4), monometil hidrazin (CH3N2H3), MON (mešani dušikovi oksidi), dušik (N2), helij (He), propan (C3H8), butan (C4H10) in ksenon (Xe).
Ta standard je osnova za evropsko industrijo vesoljskih plovil in pogonsko industrijo za vesoljska plovila za določitev, doseganje ter preverjanje zahtevanih ravni čistoče v pogonskem sistemu vesoljskega plovila.
Ta standard se uporablja predvsem za pogon vesoljskih plovil, kot se ta uporablja za satelite in vesoljska plovila (s posadko) in katerega koli od teh projektov, vključno s podporno opremo na tleh.
Zahteve za zunanjo čistočo, npr. zunaj rezervoarjev in cevi, ter vidiki, kot so glive in razplinjevanje, so zajete v standardu ECSS-Q-ST-70-01.
Ta standard se lahko prilagodi posameznim lastnostim in omejitvam vesoljskega projekta v skladu s standardom ECSS-S-ST-00.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 16603-35-06:2022
01-september-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16603-35-06:2014
Vesoljska tehnika - Zahteve za čistočo pogonske tehnike vesoljskih plovil
Space engineering - Cleanliness requirements for spacecraft propulsion hardware
Raumfahrttechnik - Sauberkeitsanforderungen für die Antriebstechnik von
Raumfahrzeugen
Ingénierie spatiale - Exigences de propreté du matériel de propulsion des engins
spatiaux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16603-35-06:2022
ICS:
49.140 Vesoljski sistemi in operacije Space systems and
operations
SIST EN 16603-35-06:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 16603-35-06:2022
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SIST EN 16603-35-06:2022
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 16603-35-06
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2022
ICS 49.140
Supersedes EN 16603-35-06:2014
English version
Space engineering - Cleanliness requirements for
spacecraft propulsion hardware
Ingénierie spatiale - Exigences de propreté du matériel Raumfahrttechnik - Sauberkeitsanforderungen für die
de propulsion des engins spatiaux Antriebstechnik von Raumfahrzeugen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 April 2022.
CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to
any CEN and CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means
Ref. No. EN 16603-35-06:2022 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
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EN 16603-35-06:2022 (E)
Table of contents
European Foreword . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 10
3.1 Terms from other standards .10
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard .10
3.3 Abbreviated terms. 12
3.4 Symbols .13
3.5 Nomenclature .13
4 Cleanliness requirements . 14
4.1 General .14
4.2 Design requirements .15
4.2.1 General . 15
4.2.2 Components.15
4.2.3 System .17
4.2.4 Ground support equipment (GSE) . 17
4.3 Manufacturing .18
4.3.1 General . 18
4.3.2 Manufacturing processes . 18
4.3.3 Machined parts .18
4.3.4 Tubing and manifolds .18
4.3.5 Components.19
4.3.6 Subsystems and systems. 21
4.3.7 Final rinsing solutions .21
4.4 Cleanliness classes definition .21
4.4.1 Particulate .21
4.4.2 Non-volatile residues (NVR) .25
4.4.3 Dryness and liquid residuals .25
4.4.4 Requirements on process fluids to meet cleanliness classes . 26
2
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4.5 Test methods . 27
4.6 Code usage .27
5 Cleaning techniques . 28
5.1 General .28
5.2 Environment, health and safety.29
5.2.1 General . 29
5.2.2 Hardware configuration requirements. 29
5.2.3 Cleaning process approval .30
5.3 Pre-cleaning .30
5.3.1 General . 30
5.3.2 Mechanical pre-cleaning .30
5.3.3 Chemical pre-cleaning .31
5.4 Precision cleaning.32
5.4.1 General . 32
5.4.2 Re-cleaning operational systems . 32
5.5 Drying methods .33
5.5.1 General . 33
5.5.2 Gaseous purge-drying .33
5.5.3 Drying sample .34
5.5.4 Flow rates during purging . 35
5.5.5 Vacuum drying procedure .35
5.6 Excepted components, subsystems and systems . 36
6 Cleanliness verification requirements . 37
6.1 Surface .37
6.1.1 Visual and UV inspection . 37
6.1.2 pH-test .37
6.2 Acceptance inspection of items cleaned in a controlled environment . 38
6.2.1 General . 38
6.2.2 Test fluids .38
6.2.3 Test fluid volume for analysis .38
6.2.4 Analysis of test fluid-flush sample (solvent) . 39
6.2.5 Analysis of aqueous-based, liquid-flush sample . 40
6.2.6 Drying .41
6.2.7 Vacuum drying .41
6.3 Maintaining cleanliness .42
6.3.1 Pressurant gas purge .42
6.3.2 Installation and marking of temporary hardware . 42
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6.3.3 Temporary hardware replacement . 42
6.3.4 Component replacement .43
6.4 Dryness verification .43
6.4.1 General . 43
6.4.2 Purge dryness .43
6.4.3 Vacuum dryness .43
6.4.4 Sample test and qualified procedure . 44
7 Acceptance inspection of packaging materials . 45
7.1 Environmental control .45
7.2 Sampling .45
7.3 Thickness of packaging film .45
7.4 Static electricity .46
7.5 Verification of cleanliness level .46
7.5.1 General . 46
7.5.2 Minimum surface area for test .46
7.5.3 Sample preparation .46
7.5.4 Rinsing procedures .47
8 Packaging and protection . 48
8.1 Approved coverings .48
8.2 Packaging operations .48
8.3 Certification labels .48
9 Deliverables . 50
10 Test procedures . 51
10.1 Test liquid-flush procedure (solvent) .51
10.2 Gas flow test procedure .51
11 Sampling and analytical practices . 52
11.1 Cleanliness level test methods.52
11.1.1 General . 52
11.1.2 Method I “Liquid Flush Test” .52
11.1.3 Method II “Liquid Flow Test” .53
11.1.4 Method III “Gas Flow Test” .53
11.1.5 Method IV “Liquid flow test under operating conditions” . 53
12 Determination of particle population and NVR analysis . 55
12.1 Microscopic particle population .55
12.2 Gravimetric NVR analysis method . 56
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EN 16603-35-06:2022 (E)
Annex A (normative) Cleanliness Requirements Analysis (CRA) for
spacecraft propulsion components, subsystems and systems - DRD . 57
Annex B (normative) Cleaning Technique Selection (CTS) for spacecraft
propulsion components, subsystems and systems - DRD . 59
Annex C (normative) Cleanliness Certificate (CC) for spacecraft
propulsion components, subsystems and systems - DRD . 61
Annex D (normative) Typical test and cleaning liquids. 64
Annex E (informative) Pre-cleaning sequences . 67
Annex F (informative) Cleanliness certificate . 69
Bibliography . 71
Figures
Figure F-1 : Example of a cleanliness certificate.70
Tables
Table 4-1: Cleanliness classes .24
Table 4-2: NVR contamination levels .25
Table 4-3: Visible contamination levels .27
Table 7-1: Packaging materials .46
Table D-1 : Typical test and cleaning fluids . 64
Table E-1 : Typical pre-cleaning sequence for common materials . 67
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SIST EN 16603-35-06:2022
EN 16603-35-06:2022 (E)
European Foreword
This document (EN 16602-20-07:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN-CENELEC/TC 5
“Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This standard (EN 16602-20-07:2016) originates from ECSS-Q-ST-20-07C.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16603-35-06:2014.
The main changes with respect to EN 16603-35-06:2014 are listed below:
• Implementation of Change Requests received to the ECSS equivalent standard
• Addition of the Nomenclature in clause 3.5
• Definition of “accuracy” deleted in 3.2 and reference to ECSS-S-ST-00-01 made in 3.1
• Definition “condensable hydrocarbon” and “dewar” deleted in clause 3.2 as they were not used in
the standard
• Added requirements 6.4.3d.
• Modifed requirements: 4.1h Note 2 (reference to Figure of other ECSS Standard corrected); 6.2.6.2a;
6.4.3a; 6.4.3c; 12.1a; 12.2c Note to item 10 moved to the end of the requirement.
• Interleaved Notes in requirement 12.1a move to the end of the requirement
• Cross-reference in Annex B.1.1 to added requirement 6.4.3d created
• Caption of Table in Annex D corrected from “Table A-1” to “Table D-1”.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and has therefore precedence
over any EN covering the same scope but with a wider domain of applicability (e.g. : aerospace).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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EN 16603-35-06:2022 (E)
1
Scope
ECSS-E-ST-35-06 belongs to the Propulsion field of the mechanical discipline, and
concerns itself with the cleanliness of propulsion components, sub-systems and
systems
The standard
• defines design requirements which allow for cleaning of propulsion
components sub-systems and systems and which avoid generation or
unwanted collection of contamination,
• identifies cleanliness requirements (e.g. which particle / impurity / wetness
level can be tolerated),
• defines requirements on cleaning to comply with the cleanliness level
requirements, and the requirements on verification,
• identifies the cleanliness approach, cleaning requirements, (e.g. what
needs to be done to ensure the tolerable level is not exceeded, compatibility
requirements),
• identifies, specifies and defines the requirements regarding conditions
under which cleaning or cleanliness verification takes place (e.g.
compatibility, check after environmental test).
The standard is applicable to the most commonly used propulsion systems and
their related storable propellant combinations: Hydrazine (N2H4), Mono Methyl
Hydrazine (CH3N2H3), MON (Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen), Nitrogen (N2), Helium
(He), Propane (C3H8), Butane (C4H10) and Xenon (Xe).
This standard is the basis for the European spacecraft and spacecraft propulsion
industry to define, achieve and verify the required cleanliness levels in spacecraft
propulsion systems.
This standard is particularly applicable to spacecraft propulsion as used for
satellites and (manned) spacecraft and any of such projects including its ground
support equipment.
External cleanliness requirements, e.g. outside of tanks, piping and aspects such
as fungus and outgassing are covered by ECSS-Q-ST-70-01.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constraints of a
space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
7
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SIST EN 16603-35-06:2022
EN 16603-35-06:2022 (E)
2
Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through
reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of any of these publications,
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of
the normative documents indicated below. For undated references the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN reference Reference in text Title
EN 16601-00 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system — Glossary of terms
EN 16603-35 ECSS-E-ST-35 Space engineering — Propulsion general
requirements
EN 16602-40 ECSS-Q-ST-40 Space product assurance — Safety
EN 16602-70-01 ECSS-Q-ST-70-01 Space product assurance — Cleanliness and
contamination control.
EN 16602-70 ECSS-Q-ST-70 Space product assurance — Materials, mechanical
parts and processes
ISO 2210:1972 Liquid halogenated hydrocarbons for industrial use-
Determination of residue on evaporation
ISO 5789:1979 Fluorinated hydrocarbons for industrial use —
Determination of non-volatile residue
ISO 5884:1987 Aerospace — Fluid systems and components —
Methods for system sampling and measuring the
solid particle contamination of hydraulic fluids
ISO 14951-3:2000 Space systems —Fluid characteristics —Part 3:
Nitrogen
ISO 14951-4:2000 Space systems — Fluid characteristics —Part 4:
Helium
ISO 14951-10:2000 Space systems — Fluid characteristics —Part 10:
Water
ISO 14952-3:2003 Space systems — Surface cleanliness of fluid systems
— Part 3: Analytical procedures for the
determination of non-volatile residues and
particulate contamination
ASTM D257(99) 2005 Standard Test Method for DC Resistance or
Conductance of Insulating Materials
ASTM D329 10 Dec Standard specification for Acetone
2002
8
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EN reference Reference in text Title
ASTM D740 Standard specification for Methyl Ethyl Ketone
15 May 2005
ASTM D770-05 Standard specification for Isopropyl Alcohol
15 May 2005
ASTM D1152 Standard specification for Methanol (Methyl
1 Apr 2006 Alcohol)
ASTM D1293 10 Dec Standard test methods for pH of water
1999
ASTM D4376 Standard specification for vapor-degreasing grade
Perchloroethylene
MIL-PRF-27415B Performance specification, propellant pressurizing
8 Feb 2007 agent, Argon
O-E-760D Federal specification
28 May 1987
SEMI C47-0699 Guideline for Trans 1,2 Dichloroethylene
May 1999
9
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EN 16603-35-06:2022 (E)
3
Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms from other standards
a. For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-
ST-00-01 apply, in particular for the following term:
1. accuracy
b. For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-E-
ST-35 apply.
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard
3.2.1 blank
result for an analytical sample of the virgin test fluid prior to use in performing
a cleanliness verification test
3.2.2 cleanliness verification
activity intended to verify that the actual cleanliness conditions of an item are in
conformance with the applicable specification
3.2.3 crazing
creating microvoids in glassy thermoplastic polymers preceding the formation of
cracks
3.2.4 critical surface
any surface of an item that contacts the service medium
NOTE Examples of service media are propellants and
pressurants.
3.2.5 dew point
temperature at which condensation of water vapour takes place at prevailing
pressure
NOTE The prevailing pressure is usually atmospheric
pressure.
3.2.6 fibre
flexible structure having a length-to-width ratio of 10 to 1 or greater
NOTE 1 A fibre is considered to be a particle, see clause
3.2.11.
NOTE 2 The size of a fibre is its maximum length.
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3.2.7 field cleaning
processes of pre-cleaning and precision cleaning of components, subsystems and
systems which cannot be processed in a controlled environment such as a clean
room
3.2.8 generally clean
free from manufacturing residue, dirt, oil, grease, processing debris, or other
extraneous contamination based on visual examination
3.2.9 high-efficiency particulate air filter
filter that is at least 99,97 % efficient by volume on 0,3 μm particles
3.2.10 non-volatile residue
soluble or suspended material and insoluble particulate matter remaining after
temperature-controlled evaporation of a volatile liquid
NOTE See also clause 6.2.4.3
3.2.11 particle
unit of solid matter with observable size
NOTE 1 Various methods for defining its size may be
used and are dependant upon the measurement
technique.
NOTE 2 For the manual method the apparent maximum
linear dimension of a particle in the plane of
observation as observed with instruments such
as optical, electron, or atomic force microscopes
is the particle size.
NOTE 3 For the automatic method, the equivalent
diameter of a particle detected by automatic
instrumentation is the particle size.
NOTE 4 The equivalent diameter is the diameter of a
reference sphere having known properties and
producing the same response in the sensing
instrument as the particle being measured.
NOTE 5 A fibre is considered a particle, see clause 3.2.6.
3.2.12 passivation
process by which a corrosion-resistant layer is formed on a metal surface by
submersing the surface in an acid solution
3.2.13 pickling
chemical or electrochemical process by which surface oxides are removed from
metals
3.2.14 precision cleaning
cleaning process used to achieve cleanliness levels more stringent than visibly
clean
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3.2.15 pre-cleaning
cleaning process normally used to achieve the visibly clean cleanliness level
3.2.16 reversion
decrease in viscosity, strength, or in rubber modulus due to heating or
overworking, resulting in a tacky and soft material
3.2.17 silting
accumulation of particles of sufficient quantity to cause a haze or obscuring of
any portion of a filter membrane when viewed visually or under 40-power
maximum magnification
3.2.18 test fluid
specified fluid that is utilized to determine the fluid system wetted-surface
cleanliness level
3.2.19 threshold limit value
maximum average daily dosage, based on an 8-h day, 5-day week, to which an
average worker may be exposed to hazardous chemicals without harmful effect
NOTE 1 The TLV is a time-weighted average
concentration.
NOTE 2 The TLV is normally expressed in parts of the
gas or vapour in micro litres per litre.
3.2.20 visibly clean
absence of surface contamination when examined with a specific light source,
angle of incidence, and viewing distance using normal or magnified vision up to
×20
3.2.21 visibly clean plus ultraviolet
cleaning level that is visibly clean and also meets the requirements for inspection
with the aid of an ultraviolet light of wavelength 250 nm to 395 nm
3.2.22 volatile hydrocarbon
hydrocarbon capable of going from liquid or solid to a gaseous state at ambient
temperature and pressure
3.3 Abbreviated terms
For the purpose of this Standard, the abbreviated terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01
and the following apply:
Abbreviation Meaning
CC cleanliness certificate
CRA cleaning requirement analysis
CTS cleaning technique selection
GC generally clean
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HEPA high-efficiency particulate air filter
HFE hydro fluor ether (Per fluoro-n-butyl methyl ether)
IPA isopropanol
MAIT manufacturing, assembly, integration and test
MEK methyl ethyl keton
MS mass spectroscopy
NVR non-volatile residue
ppmv parts per million, volumetric
TLV threshold limit value
US ultra sonic
VC visibly clean
VC + UV visibly clean plus ultraviolet
3.4 Symbols
Symbol
Meaning
dp mean pore diameter of a filter
3.5 Nomenclature
The following nomenclature applies throughout this document:
c. The word “shall” is used in this Standard to express requirements. All the
requirements are expressed with the word “shall”.
d. The word “should” is used in this Standard to express recommendations.
All the recommendations are expressed with the word “should”.
NOTE It is expected that, during tailoring,
recommendations in this document are either
converted into requirements or tailored out.
e. The words “may” and “need not” are used in this Standard to express
positive and negative permissions, respectively. All the positive
permissions are expressed with the word “may”. All the negative
permissions are expressed with the words “need not”.
f. The word “can” is used in this Standard to express capabilities or
possibilities, and therefore, if not accompanied by one of the previous
words, it implies descriptive text.
NOTE In ECSS “may” and “can” have completely
different meanings: “may” is normative
(permission), and “can” is descriptive.
g. The present and past tenses are used in this Standard to express statements
of fact, and therefore they imply descriptive text.
13
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EN 16603-35-06:2022 (E)
4
Cleanlines
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16603-35-06:2021
01-september-2021
Vesoljska tehnika - Zahteve za čistočo pogonske tehnike vesoljskih plovil
Space engineering - Cleanliness requirements for spacecraft propulsion hardware
Raumfahrttechnik - Sauberkeitsanforderungen für die Antriebstechnik von
Raumfahrzeugen
Ingénierie spatiale - Exigences de propreté des éléments de propulsion des véhicules
spatiaux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16603-35-06
ICS:
49.140 Vesoljski sistemi in operacije Space systems and
operations
oSIST prEN 16603-35-06:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 16603-35-06:2021
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oSIST prEN 16603-35-06:2021
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 16603-35-06
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2021
ICS 49.140
Will supersede EN 16603-35-06:2014
English version
Space engineering - Cleanliness requirements for
spacecraft propulsion hardware
Ingénierie spatiale - Exigences de propreté des Raumfahrttechnik - Sauberkeitsanforderungen für die
éléments de propulsion des véhicules spatiaux Antriebstechnik von Raumfahrzeugen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/CLC/JTC 5.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any
alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN and CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German). A
version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own
language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification
of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. prEN 16603-35-06:2021 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
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Table of contents
European Foreword . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 10
3.1 Terms from other standards . 10
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 10
3.3 Abbreviated terms. 12
3.4 Symbols . 13
3.5 Nomenclature . 13
4 Cleanliness requirements . 14
4.1 General . 14
4.2 Design requirements . 15
4.2.1 General . 15
4.2.2 Components. 15
4.2.3 System . 17
4.2.4 Ground support equipment (GSE) . 17
4.3 Manufacturing . 18
4.3.1 General . 18
4.3.2 Manufacturing processes . 18
4.3.3 Machined parts . 18
4.3.4 Tubing and manifolds . 18
4.3.5 Components. 19
4.3.6 Subsystems and systems. 21
4.3.7 Final rinsing solutions . 21
4.4 Cleanliness classes definition . 21
4.4.1 Particulate . 21
4.4.2 Non-volatile residues (NVR) . 25
4.4.3 Dryness and liquid residuals . 25
4.4.4 Requirements on process fluids to meet cleanliness classes . 26
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4.5 Test methods . 27
4.6 Code usage . 27
5 Cleaning techniques . 28
5.1 General . 28
5.2 Environment, health and safety. 29
5.2.1 General . 29
5.2.2 Hardware configuration requirements. 29
5.2.3 Cleaning process approval . 30
5.3 Pre-cleaning . 30
5.3.1 General . 30
5.3.2 Mechanical pre-cleaning . 30
5.3.3 Chemical pre-cleaning . 31
5.4 Precision cleaning. 32
5.4.1 General . 32
5.4.2 Re-cleaning operational systems . 32
5.5 Drying methods . 33
5.5.1 General . 33
5.5.2 Gaseous purge-drying . 33
5.5.3 Drying sample . 34
5.5.4 Flow rates during purging . 35
5.5.5 Vacuum drying procedure . 35
5.6 Excepted components, subsystems and systems . 36
6 Cleanliness verification requirements . 37
6.1 Surface . 37
6.1.1 Visual and UV inspection . 37
6.1.2 pH-test . 37
6.2 Acceptance inspection of items cleaned in a controlled environment . 38
6.2.1 General . 38
6.2.2 Test fluids . 38
6.2.3 Test fluid volume for analysis . 38
6.2.4 Analysis of test fluid-flush sample (solvent) . 39
6.2.5 Analysis of aqueous-based, liquid-flush sample . 40
6.2.6 Drying . 41
6.2.7 Vacuum drying . 41
6.3 Maintaining cleanliness . 42
6.3.1 Pressurant gas purge . 42
6.3.2 Installation and marking of temporary hardware . 42
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6.3.3 Temporary hardware replacement . 42
6.3.4 Component replacement . 43
6.4 Dryness verification . 43
6.4.1 General . 43
6.4.2 Purge dryness . 43
6.4.3 Vacuum dryness . 43
6.4.4 Sample test and qualified procedure . 44
7 Acceptance inspection of packaging materials . 45
7.1 Environmental control . 45
7.2 Sampling . 45
7.3 Thickness of packaging film . 45
7.4 Static electricity . 46
7.5 Verification of cleanliness level . 46
7.5.1 General . 46
7.5.2 Minimum surface area for test . 46
7.5.3 Sample preparation . 46
7.5.4 Rinsing procedures . 47
8 Packaging and protection . 48
8.1 Approved coverings . 48
8.2 Packaging operations . 48
8.3 Certification labels . 48
9 Deliverables . 50
10 Test procedures . 51
10.1 Test liquid-flush procedure (solvent) . 51
10.2 Gas flow test procedure . 51
11 Sampling and analytical practices . 52
11.1 Cleanliness level test methods. 52
11.1.1 General . 52
11.1.2 Method I “Liquid Flush Test” . 52
11.1.3 Method II “Liquid Flow Test” . 53
11.1.4 Method III “Gas Flow Test” . 53
11.1.5 Method IV “Liquid flow test under operating conditions” . 53
12 Determination of particle population and NVR analysis . 55
12.1 Microscopic particle population . 55
12.2 Gravimetric NVR analysis method . 56
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Annex A (normative) Cleanliness Requirements Analysis (CRA) for
spacecraft propulsion components, subsystems and systems - DRD . 57
Annex B (normative) Cleaning Technique Selection (CTS) for spacecraft
propulsion components, subsystems and systems - DRD . 59
Annex C (normative) Cleanliness Certificate (CC) for spacecraft
propulsion components, subsystems and systems - DRD . 61
Annex D (normative) Typical test and cleaning liquids. 64
Annex E (informative) Pre-cleaning sequences . 67
Annex F (informative) Cleanliness certificate . 69
Bibliography . 71
Figures
Figure F-1 : Example of a cleanliness certificate. 70
Tables
Table 4-1: Cleanliness classes . 24
Table 4-2: NVR contamination levels . 25
Table 4-3: Visible contamination levels . 27
Table 7-1: Packaging materials . 46
Table D-1 : Typical test and cleaning fluids . 64
Table E-1 : Typical pre-cleaning sequence for common materials . 67
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European Foreword
This document (prEN 16603-35-06:2021) has been prepared by Technical
Committee CEN/CLC/TC 5 “Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN
(Germany).
This document (prEN 16603-35-06:2021) originates from ECSS-E-ST-35-06C
Rev.2.
This document is currently submitted to the ENQUIRY.
This document will supersede EN 16603-35-06:2014.
The main changes with respect to EN 16603-35-06:2014 are listed below:
• Implementation of Change Requests received to the ECSS equivalent standard
• Addition of the Nomenclature in clause 3.5
• Definition of “accuracy” deleted in 3.2 and reference to ECSS-S-ST-00-01 made
in 3.1
• Definition “condensable hydrocarbon” and “dewar” deleted in clause 3.2 as
they were not used in the standard
• Added requirements 6.4.3d; 12.1b; 12.1c.
• Modifed requirements: 4.1h Note 2 (reference to Figure of other ECSS
Standard corrected); 6.2.6.2a; 6.4.3a; 6.4.3c; 12.1a; 12.2c Note to item 10 moved
to the end of the requirement.
• Interleaved Notes in requirement 12.1a move to the end of the requirement
• Cross-reference in Annex B.1.1 to added requirement 6.4.3d created
• Caption of Table in Annex D corrected from “Table A-1” to “Table D-1”.
This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and will
therefore have precedence over any EN covering the same scope but with a wider
do-main of applicability (e.g. : aerospace).
6
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1
Scope
ECSS-E-ST-35-06 belongs to the Propulsion field of the mechanical discipline, and
concerns itself with the cleanliness of propulsion components, sub-systems and
systems
The standard
defines design requirements which allow for cleaning of propulsion
components sub-systems and systems and which avoid generation or
unwanted collection of contamination,
identifies cleanliness requirements (e.g. which particle / impurity / wetness
level can be tolerated),
defines requirements on cleaning to comply with the cleanliness level
requirements, and the requirements on verification,
identifies the cleanliness approach, cleaning requirements, (e.g. what
needs to be done to ensure the tolerable level is not exceeded, compatibility
requirements),
identifies, specifies and defines the requirements regarding conditions
under which cleaning or cleanliness verification takes place (e.g.
compatibility, check after environmental test).
The standard is applicable to the most commonly used propulsion systems and
their related storable propellant combinations: Hydrazine (N2H4), Mono Methyl
Hydrazine (CH3N2H3), MON (Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen), Nitrogen (N2), Helium
(He), Propane (C3H8), Butane (C4H10) and Xenon (Xe).
This standard is the basis for the European spacecraft and spacecraft propulsion
industry to define, achieve and verify the required cleanliness levels in spacecraft
propulsion systems.
This standard is particularly applicable to spacecraft propulsion as used for
satellites and (manned) spacecraft and any of such projects including its ground
support equipment.
External cleanliness requirements, e.g. outside of tanks, piping and aspects such
as fungus and outgassing are covered by ECSS-Q-ST-70-01.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constraints of a
space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
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2
Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through
reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of any of these publications,
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of
the normative documents indicated below. For undated references the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN reference Reference in text Title
EN 16601-00 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system — Glossary of terms
EN 16603-35 ECSS-E-ST-35 Space engineering — Propulsion general
requirements
EN 16602-40 ECSS-Q-ST-40 Space product assurance — Safety
EN 16602-70-01 ECSS-Q-ST-70-01 Space product assurance — Cleanliness and
contamination control.
EN 16602-70 ECSS-Q-ST-70 Space product assurance — Materials, mechanical
parts and processes
ISO 2210:1972 Liquid halogenated hydrocarbons for industrial use-
Determination of residue on evaporation
ISO 5789:1979 Fluorinated hydrocarbons for industrial use —
Determination of non-volatile residue
ISO 5884:1978 Aerospace — Fluid systems and components —
Methods for system sampling and measuring the
solid particle contamination of hydraulic fluids
ISO 14951-3:2000 Space systems —Fluid characteristics —Part 3:
Nitrogen
ISO 14951-4:2000 Space systems — Fluid characteristics —Part 4:
Helium
ISO 14951-10:2000 Space systems — Fluid characteristics —Part 10:
Water
ISO 14952-3:2003 Space systems — Surface cleanliness of fluid systems
— Part 3: Analytical procedures for the
determination of non-volatile residues and
particulate contamination
ASTM D257(99) 2005 Standard Test Method for DC Resistance or
Conductance of Insulating Materials
ASTM D329 10 Dec Standard specification for Acetone
2002
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EN reference Reference in text Title
ASTM D740 Standard specification for Methyl Ethyl Ketone
15 May 2005
ASTM D770-05 Standard specification for Isopropyl Alcohol
15 May 2005
ASTM D1152 Standard specification for Methanol (Methyl
1 Apr 2006 Alcohol)
ASTM D1293 10 Dec Standard test methods for pH of water
1999
ASTM D4376 Standard specification for vapor-degreasing grade
Perchloroethylene
MIL-PRF-27415B Performance specification, propellant pressurizing
8 Feb 2007 agent, Argon
O-E-760D Federal specification
28 May 1987
SEMI C47-0699 Guideline for Trans 1,2 Dichloroethylene
May 1999
9
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3
Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms from other standards
a. For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-
ST-00-01 apply, in particular for the following term:
1. accuracy
b. For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-E-
ST-35 apply.
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard
3.2.1 blank
result for an analytical sample of the virgin test fluid prior to use in performing
a cleanliness verification test
3.2.2 cleanliness verification
activity intended to verify that the actual cleanliness conditions of an item are in
conformance with the applicable specification
3.2.3 crazing
creating microvoids in glassy thermoplastic polymers preceding the formation of
cracks
3.2.4 critical surface
any surface of an item that contacts the service medium
NOTE Examples of service media are propellants and
pressurants.
3.2.5 dew point
temperature at which condensation of water vapour takes place at prevailing
pressure
NOTE The prevailing pressure is usually atmospheric
pressure.
3.2.6 fibre
flexible structure having a length-to-width ratio of 10 to 1 or greater
NOTE 1 A fibre is considered to be a particle, see clause
3.2.11.
NOTE 2 The size of a fibre is its maximum length.
10
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3.2.7 field cleaning
processes of pre-cleaning and precision cleaning of components, subsystems and
systems which cannot be processed in a controlled environment such as a clean
room
3.2.8 generally clean
free from manufacturing residue, dirt, oil, grease, processing debris, or other
extraneous contamination based on visual examination
3.2.9 high-efficiency particulate air filter
filter that is at least 99,97 % efficient by volume on 0,3 μm particles
3.2.10 non-volatile residue
soluble or suspended material and insoluble particulate matter remaining after
temperature-controlled evaporation of a volatile liquid
NOTE See also clause 6.2.4.3
3.2.11 particle
unit of solid matter with observable size
NOTE 1 Various methods for defining its size may be
used and are dependant upon the measurement
technique.
NOTE 2 For the manual method the apparent maximum
linear dimension of a particle in the plane of
observation as observed with instruments such
as optical, electron, or atomic force microscopes
is the particle size.
NOTE 3 For the automatic method, the equivalent
diameter of a particle detected by automatic
instrumentation is the particle size.
NOTE 4 The equivalent diameter is the diameter of a
reference sphere having known properties and
producing the same response in the sensing
instrument as the particle being measured.
NOTE 5 A fibre is considered a particle, see clause 3.2.6.
3.2.12 passivation
process by which a corrosion-resistant layer is formed on a metal surface by
submersing the surface in an acid solution
3.2.13 pickling
chemical or electrochemical process by which surface oxides are removed from
metals
3.2.14 precision cleaning
cleaning process used to achieve cleanliness levels more stringent than visibly
clean
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3.2.15 pre-cleaning
cleaning process normally used to achieve the visibly clean cleanliness level
3.2.16 reversion
decrease in viscosity, strength, or in rubber modulus due to heating or
overworking, resulting in a tacky and soft material
3.2.17 silting
accumulation of particles of sufficient quantity to cause a haze or obscuring of
any portion of a filter membrane when viewed visually or under 40-power
maximum magnification
3.2.18 test fluid
specified fluid that is utilized to determine the fluid system wetted-surface
cleanliness level
3.2.19 threshold limit value
maximum average daily dosage, based on an 8-h day, 5-day week, to which an
average worker may be exposed to hazardous chemicals without harmful effect
NOTE 1 The TLV is a time-weighted average
concentration.
NOTE 2 The TLV is normally expressed in parts of the
gas or vapour in micro litres per litre.
3.2.20 visibly clean
absence of surface contamination when examined with a specific light source,
angle of incidence, and viewing distance using normal or magnified vision up to
×20
3.2.21 visibly clean plus ultraviolet
cleaning level that is visibly clean and also meets the requirements for inspection
with the aid of an ultraviolet light of wavelength 250 nm to 395 nm
3.2.22 volatile hydrocarbon
hydrocarbon capable of going from liquid or solid to a gaseous state at ambient
temperature and pressure
3.3 Abbreviated terms
For the purpose of this Standard, the abbreviated terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01
and the following apply:
Abbreviation Meaning
CC cleanliness certificate
CRA cleaning requirement analysis
CTS cleaning technique selection
GC generally clean
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HEPA high-efficiency particulate air filter
HFE hydro fluor ether (Per fluoro-n-butyl methyl ether)
IPA isopropanol
MAIT manufacturing, assembly, integration and test
MEK methyl ethyl keton
MS mass spectroscopy
NVR non-volatile residue
ppmv parts per million, volumetric
TLV threshold limit value
US ultra sonic
VC visibly clean
VC + UV visibly clean plus ultraviolet
3.4 Symbols
Symbol
Meaning
dp mean pore diameter of a filter
3.5 Nomenclature
The following nomenclature applies throughout this document:
c. The word “shall” is used in this Standard to express requirements. All the
requirements are expressed with the word “shall”.
d. The word “should” is used in this Standard to express recommendations.
All the recommendations are expressed with the word “should”.
NOTE It is expected that, during tailoring,
recommendations in this document are either
converted into requirements or tailored out.
e. The words “may” and “need not” are used in this Standard to express
positive and negative permissions, respectively. All the positive
permissions are expressed with the word “may”. All the negative
permissions are expressed with the words “need not”.
f. The word “can” is used in this Standard to express capabilities or
possibilities, and therefore, if not accompanied by one of the previous
words, it implies descriptive text.
NOTE In ECSS “may” and “can” have completely
different meanings: “may” is normative
(permission), and “can” is descriptive.
g. The present and past tenses are used in this Standard to express statements
of fact, and therefore they imply descriptive text.
13
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4
Cleanliness requirements
4.1 General
a. This standard shall only apply to propulsion systems using Hydrazines,
MON, Propane, Butane, Nitrogen, Helium, Xenon as propellants.
b. Cleanliness assurance precautions and features shall be specified and
incorporated in the hardware at the design phase.
NOTE In propulsion systems cleanliness is a major
requirement to avoid loss of function and
performance.
c. Cleanliness verification shall be applied at progressive MAIT stages
...
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