SIST EN 450-2:2005
(Main)Fly ash for concrete - Part 2: Conformity evaluation
Fly ash for concrete - Part 2: Conformity evaluation
prEN 450-2 specifies the scheme for the evaluation of conformity of fly ash according to prEN 450-1, including certification of conformity by a certification body.
The standard provides technical rules for the production control by the manufacturer, including autocontrol testing of samples, and for the tasks of the certification body. It also provides rules for actions to be followed in the event of non-conformity, the procedure for the certification of conformity and requirements for dispatching centres.
Flugasche für Beton - Teil 2: Konformitätsbewertung
Dieses Dokument legt das Verfahren für die Konformitätsbewertung von Flugasche nach EN 450 1 fest.
Dieses Dokument enthält technische Regeln für die werkseigene Produktionskontrolle durch den Hersteller, einschließlich der internen Überwachungsprüfungen von Proben. Es enthält darüber hinaus Regeln für Maßnahmen, die bei Nichtkonformität zu ergreifen sind, sowie das Verfahren für die Zertifizierung der Konformität und Anforderungen für die Auslieferungsstellen.
Cendres volantes pour béton - Partie 2: Evaluation de la conformité
La norme prEN 450-2 décrit le systeme d'évaluation de la conformité des cendres volantes selon prEN 450-1, qui inclut une certification de la conformité par un organisme de certification.
La norme fournit des regles techniques applicables au contrôle de la production par le producteur (qui comprend les essais d'autocontrôle) et aux tâches incombant a l'organisme de certification. Elle établit également des regles a suivre en cas de non-conformité, la procédure de certification de la conformité et les exigences relatives aux centres de distribution.
Elektrofiltrski pepel – 2. del: Ovrednotenje skladnosti
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 450-2:2005
01-april-2005
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 450:1996
Elektrofiltrski pepel – 2. del: Ovrednotenje skladnosti
Fly ash for concrete - Part 2: Conformity evaluation
Flugasche für Beton - Teil 2: Konformitätsbewertung
Cendres volantes pour béton - Partie 2: Evaluation de la conformité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 450-2:2005
ICS:
91.100.30 Beton in betonski izdelki Concrete and concrete
products
SIST EN 450-2:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 450-2:2005
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SIST EN 450-2:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 450-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2005
ICS 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 450:1994
English version
Fly ash for concrete - Part 2: Conformity evaluation
Cendre volant pour beton - Partie 2: Evaluation de la Flugasche für Beton - Teil 2: Konformitätsbewertung
conformité
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 December 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 450-2:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 450-2:2005
EN 450-2:2005 (E)
Contents
Page
Foreword.4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
3.1 Specific definitions.5
3.2 General definitions .6
4 Tasks for the producer.7
4.1 Factory production control.7
4.2 Internal quality control .8
4.3 Autocontrol testing of samples.10
5 Tasks for the certification body .10
5.1 General.10
5.2 Surveillance, assessment and acceptance of the production control.11
5.3 Evaluation of the results of autocontrol testing of samples.11
5.4 Audit testing of samples taken at the production plant/depot and initial type testing .12
5.5 Initial inspection of the production plant and the production control.13
5.6 Evaluation of test results during the initial period.14
6 Actions in the event of non-conformity.14
6.1 Actions to be taken by the producer .14
6.2 Actions to be taken by the certification body.14
7 Procedure for third party certification of conformity.15
8 Certificate of conformity and conformity mark .15
8.1 Indication of conformity.15
8.2 Certificate of conformity .15
8.3 Conformity mark .16
9 Requirements for dispatching centres.16
9.1 General requirements.16
9.2 Tasks for the intermediary.16
9.3 Tasks for the third party.17
Annex A (normative) Evaluation of the representativeness and the accuracy of the fineness test
results .20
A.1 General.20
A.2 Sets of results considered.20
A.3 Evaluation procedure .20
A.3.1 Introduction.20
A.3.2 Symbols .20
Annex B (informative) General definitions.22
B.1 Definitions based on the Construction Products Directive .22
B.2 Definitions from or based on EN 45020.22
B.3 Definition from EN ISO 8402.22
B.4 Definitions from EN 197-1 and EN 196-7 .23
Bibliography.24
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EN 450-2:2005 (E)
Tables
Table 1 — Actions to be taken by the Certification Body in the event of non-conformity of the results of
autocontrol and/or audit testing .18
Table 2 — Confirmation and audit testing of samples of certified fly ash taken at dispatching centres: properties
a
and minimum testing frequencies .19
Table A.1 — Symbols.21
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SIST EN 450-2:2005
EN 450-2:2005 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 450-2:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 “Concrete and related
products”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text
or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by August 2006.
This document supersedes EN 450:1994.
This document includes a Bibliography.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
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SIST EN 450-2:2005
EN 450-2:2005 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies the scheme for the evaluation of conformity of fly ash according to EN 450-1.
The document provides technical rules for the production control by the producer, including autocontrol testing of
samples. It also provides rules for actions to be followed in the event of non-conformity, the procedure for the
certification of conformity and requirements for dispatching centres.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement — Part 1: Determination of strength.
EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement — Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement.
EN 450-1:2005, Fly ash for concrete — Part 1: Definition, specifications and conformity criteria.
EN 451-2, Method of testing fly ash — Part 2: Determination of fineness by wet sieving.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Specific definitions
3.1.1
certificate of conformity to EN 450-1
document issued under the rules of a certain scheme for the evaluation of conformity indicating that adequate
confidence is provided that fly ash is in conformity with EN 450-1
3.1.2
conformity mark
protected mark applied on the basis of the certificate of conformity (see 3.1.1)
3.1.3
certified fly ash
fly ash for which a certificate of conformity has been issued
3.1.4
initial period
immediate period after the first issuing of the certificate of conformity for a fly ash
3.1.5
certification body
impartial body, governmental or non-governmental, possessing the necessary competence and responsibility to
carry out conformity certification according to given rules of procedure and management
3.1.6
production control
permanent internal control of fly ash production exercised by the producer consisting of internal quality control
and autocontrol testing
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EN 450-2:2005 (E)
3.1.7
production plant
facility used by a producer for the production of fly ash:
a) power plant with one(several) boiler(s),
b) processing plant, for example for the classification, selection, sieving, drying, blending, grinding and/or
carbon reduction of fly ash(es).
In the production plant equipment has to be used which is suitable for production of fly ash including the
necessary silo capacity for the storage and dispatch of the fly ash produced, and equipment to test, evaluate and
control the fly ash production. This equipment and the production control applied allow the control of production
with sufficient accuracy to ensure that the requirements of EN 450-1 are met
3.1.8
new production plant
production plant which is not already producing fly ash certified under this scheme
3.1.9
existing production plant
production plant which is already producing fly ash certified under this scheme
3.1.10
depot
bulk fly ash handling facility (not located at the production plant) used for the dispatch of fly ash (whether in bulk
or bagged) after transfer or storage where the producer has full responsibility for all aspects of the quality of the
fly ash
3.1.11
dispatching centre
bulk fly ash handling facility (not located at the production plant) used for the dispatch of fly ash after transfer or
storage where an intermediary has full responsibility for all aspects of the quality of the fly ash
3.1.12
intermediary
natural or legal person who takes from the producer fly ash certified according to EN 450-2 and bearing the
conformity mark, who undertakes full responsibility for maintaining in a dispatching centre all aspects of the
quality of the fly ash and who supplies the fly ash onwards to a further natural or legal person
3.1.13
confirmation autocontrol testing
continual testing carried out by an intermediary which consists of testing of samples taken by the intermediary at
the point(s) of release from the dispatching centre
3.1.14
works’ quality manual
document that provides information on the production control which is applied by a producer at a particular
production plant to ensure conformity of the fly ash with the requirements of the relevant product specification
standard
3.1.15
producer
producer is the operator of the production plant or a person (natural or legal) authorised by the production plant.
The producer is named in the certificate of conformity
3.2 General definitions
See Annex B (informative).
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EN 450-2:2005 (E)
4 Tasks for the producer
4.1 Factory production control
4.1.1 Concept
Production control means the permanent internal control of fly ash production exercised by the producer and
1)
consists of internal quality control (see 4.2) and autocontrol testing of samples of fly ash taken at the point of
release (see 4.3).
NOTE The requirements of EN 450-2 as regards the production control take account of those clauses of EN ISO 9001
which are relevant to the production, process control and testing of fly ash.
4.1.2 Works' quality manual
The producer's documentation and procedures for the production control shall be described in a Works' quality
manual, which shall adequately describe, among other things:
a) the quality aims and the organisational structure, responsibilities and powers of the responsible staff with
regard to product quality and the means to monitor the achievement of the required product quality and the
effective operation of the internal quality control (see 4.1.3);
b) the production and quality control techniques, processes and systematic actions that will be used (see 4.2.1,
4.2.3 and 4.3.2);
c) the inspections and tests that will be carried out before, during and after production, and the frequency with
which they will be carried out (see 4.2.2, 4.3.1 and 4.3.3).
The Works' quality manual prepared by the producer for each production plant shall include an adequate system
of documentation (see 4.1.4 and 4.3.4). In case of suitability testing of fly ash from co-combustion of pulverised
coal with certain co-combustion materials according to EN 450-1, the procedure of sampling shall be
documented in agreement with the certification body.
The Works' quality manual shall address and document the procedures operated to ensure that the fly ash
conforms to the technical specifications. The manual may reference associated documents which provide further
details of the autocontrol testing of samples and the internal quality control. For the purpose of this scheme, the
term Works' quality manual shall be considered to include these associated documents.
NOTE In the case of an existing quality management system according to EN ISO 9001, the certification body may
examine if the corresponding quality manual meets all the requirements of EN 450-1 which are relevant to the production
control of fly ash. Provided all the requirements are included, this quality manual may also be applied for product certification.
4.1.3 Management systems
4.1.3.1 Quality policy statement
The Works' quality manual shall include a statement by the management of the producer defining its quality
policy, objectives and commitments to the attainment of product quality.
4.1.3.2 Management representative
If the producer is a person authorized by the production plant (see 3.1.15), suitable relations between the
producer and the production plant shall be established and documented in order to ensure that the requirements
of this document are met.
1)
This testing corresponds also to the "further testing of samples" mentioned in Annex III Section 2 point (i) of the
Construction Products Directive 89/106/EEC.
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EN 450-2:2005 (E)
4.1.3.3 Internal audits and management review
In order to ensure the continuing suitability and effectiveness of the Work’s quality manual to meet the
requirements of EN 450-1, the producer shall perform at least once per year:
a) internal audits covering the scope of this Clause 4 and 6.1;
b) producer’s management review of the production control, taking into account records of the internal audits.
4.1.3.4 Training
The Works' quality manual shall describe the measures taken to ensure that all the personnel involved in
operations that can affect internal quality control and product quality have appropriate experience or training.
Appropriate records shall be retained.
4.1.4 System of documentation
4.1.4.1 Document control
The management representative of the producer shall be responsible for the control of all documents and data
related to the production control and to this scheme for the evaluation of conformity.
This control shall ensure that the appropriate issues of all documents are available at essential locations, that
obsolete documents are withdrawn and that changes or modifications to any document are effectively introduced.
A master list shall be established to identify the current version of documents in order to prevent the use of non-
applicable documents.
4.1.4.2 Quality records
The producer shall retain records of production control for at least the period required to comply with relevant
legislation.
4.2 Internal quality control
4.2.1 Process control
4.2.1.1 General
The Works' quality manual shall describe the parameters for process planning, process control and testing,
inspection, corrective action, verification, dispatch and the associated records.
Depending on the installation, the following measures shall be provided:
a) in all types of production plants
1) in-process testing of fly ash properties;
2) silos of adequate capacity for storage of the fly ash produced allowing a proper identification of the
product and giving possibilities of taking spot samples at any time without prior notice;
b) additionally, in production plants using processing facilities:
1) separate and adequate storing facilities for the fly ashes to be processed;
2) controlled proportioning of the fly ashes to be processed in order to achieve the target properties of the
produced fly ash;
3) facilities for adequate homogenisation of fly ash;
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EN 450-2:2005 (E)
4) in-process testing of fly ash properties.
4.2.1.2 Provisions for processing plants
In production plants for the controlled processing of fly ash, for example by classification, selection, sieving,
drying, blending, grinding, and carbon reduction, the relevant information on each consignment of incoming fly
ash and all operating steps in the process shall be documented in the Work´s quality manual by the producer in
agreement with the certification body. The following data shall be at least part of this documentation:
a) the producer and the production location from which the fly ash originates;
b) an acknowledgement that the fly ash is according to 3.2 in EN 450-1:2005;
c) the documented suitability and environmental compatibility as required in EN 450-1, where co-combustion
materials have been used;
d) in case of blending only, the properties of each incoming fly ash shall be controlled on a regular basis in
order to be able to achieve the target properties of the fly ash blend. On each incoming fly ash the relevant
properties listed in Table 2 of EN 450-1:2005, except particle density, activity index, initial setting time, and
water requirement should be tested by the supplier of the incoming fly ash. The minimum testing frequency
should be chosen as indicated in Table 2 of EN 450-1:2005, “Routine situation”, and should be documented
in the work’s quality manual. Each incoming fly ash should conform to the requirements in Clauses 4 and 5
of EN 450-1:2005 with the exception of loss on ignition, fineness, and variation of fineness;
e) if one of the incoming fly ashes is obtained from co-combustion, then the environmental compatibility of the
blended fly ash shall be proven, as required by 4.3 of EN 450-1:2005.
4.2.1.3 Provisions for co-combustion materials
In power plants where co-combustion of materials, or mixtures of materials, according to Clause 4 of EN 450-
1:2005 and mixtures thereof is conducted, the following measures shall be ensured:
a) different co-combustion materials shall be stored separately;
b) the proportion of co-combustion material(s) related to pulverised coal used in the boiler shall be controlled at
regular intervals.
4.2.1.4 Control of off-specification production
The Works' quality manual shall contain procedures to ensure that off-specification production is adequately
managed.
4.2.2 Measuring and testing
4.2.2.1 Inspection, measuring and test equipment
The equipment for in-process inspection and testing shall be regularly checked and calibrated in accordance
with the procedures and frequencies laid down in the Works' quality manual.
4.2.2.2 Inspection and test status
Procedures for the inspection and test status through the stages of production shall be detailed in the Works'
quality manual. These shall include procedures for the control of off-specification intermediate materials.
To ensure that only fly ash conforming to EN 450-1 is conveyed to the silo, samples shall be taken from
appropriate places prior to the silo for certified fly ash in agreement with the certification body. The sampling
places shall be laid down in the Works´ quality manual. Spot samples shall be taken for the determination of
fineness and loss on ignition in agreement with the certification body.
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EN 450-2:2005 (E)
4.2.3 Handling, storage, packaging and delivery
The Works' quality manual shall describe the precautions taken for the protection of the quality of the fly ash
while under the responsibility of the producer. It shall include a description of the procedures used at depots.
Delivery documentation shall allow traceability to the production plants, depots or dispatching centres.
4.3 Autocontrol testing of samples
4.3.1 Sampling and testing
The producer shall operate a system of autocontrol testing for each certified fly ash. This system shall be used to
demonstrate conformity to the requirements in Clause 8 of EN 450-1:2005. The properties to be tested, the
testing methods, the minimum frequency of autocontrol testing during routine testing and initial period of testing
and the conformity criteria shall be in accordance with the requirements given in Clause 8 of EN 450-1:2005. For
fly ashes not being dispatched continuously, the frequency of testing and the point of sampling shall be as
specified in the Works' quality manual.
All test data shall be documented.
4.3.2 Corrective action
The Works' quality manual shall document procedures for the review and adjustment of the production control in
case of non-conformity (see 6.1).
The actions taken in the event of non-conformity shall be recorded in a report subject to inspection during the
management review.
In the event of fly ash yielding a test result not conforming to the single result limit value conformity criteria
specified in EN 450-1, the producer shall immediately determine the affected quantity, take appropriate action to
prevent the dispatch of this quantity and inform the affected customer if such fly ash has been released. In
addition, the producer shall immediately determine the causes of such non-conformity, take corrective actions
and undertake a review of all relevant production control procedures. All such actions and findings shall be
appropriately recorded in a report subject to inspection during the management review.
NOTE The certification body may require to be kept informed of these actions and findings.
4.3.3 Measuring and test equipment for autocontrol testing
The equipment used for autocontrol testing shall be regularly checked and calibrated in accordance with
procedures and frequencies laid down in the Works' quality manual. These procedures may include comparison
of activity index test results by proficiency testing with another laboratory designated in the Works' quality
manual.
The Works' quality manual shall document procedures to ensure that all personnel involved in autocontrol testing
have appropriate experience and training. Appropriate records shall be retained.
4.3.4 Quality records
The producer shall retain records of the autocontrol test results and appropriate records on test equipment for at
least the period required to comply with relevant legislation.
5 Tasks for the certification body
5.1 General
The certification body (see 3.1.5) has responsibility for three separate functions - certification, inspection and
testing. These three functions may be carried out by one body or by more than one body. The inspection
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EN 450-2:2005 (E)
function may be carried out by an inspection body (see B.1.1) and the testing function by a testing laboratory
(see B.1.2). Reference to the certification body includes reference to any sub-bodies it has.
5.2 Surveillance, assessment and acceptance of the production control
5.2.1 Inspection tasks
The inspection tasks include surveillance, assessment and acceptance of the production control operated by the
producer. Inspection shall include checking that any major change in the Works' quality manual which is relevant
to the production control of fly ash has been reported to the certification body by the producer within one month
of its implementation.
Inspection shall verify that the production control complies with the requirements as described in 4 and has been
carried out according to the Works' quality manual.
5.2.2 Frequency of inspections
The inspections shall be carried out at least once per year and the certification body shall inform the producer in
advance when an inspection is to be made.
5.2.3 Reports
Following each inspection, a confidential report shall be prepared and sent to the producer.
The producer shall, if appropriate, advise the certification body of any corrective actions taken or planned to be
taken following receipt of the report.
The certification body shall then make a decision on its final assessment.
5.3 Evaluation of the results of autocontrol testing of samples
5.3.1 Evaluation tasks
Surveillance, assessment and acceptance of the production control includes evaluation of the test results of the
producer's autocontrol testing to check conformity to the statistical conformity criteria and single result limit
values in EN 450-1.
5.3.2 Number and timing of evaluations
The number of evaluations of the results of autocontrol testing of samples shall be at least two per year. The
timing of the evaluations should be decided in advance.
5.3.3 Control period
The length of the control period for evaluation of the autocontrol test results shall be as specified in Clause 8 of
EN 450-1:2005, or equal to the initial period (see 5.6.1) in the case of a newly
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