SIST EN 12889:2023
(Main)Trenchless construction and testing of drains and sewers
Trenchless construction and testing of drains and sewers
This document is applicable to the trenchless construction, trenchless replacement techniques and testing of new drains and new sewers in the ground usually operating as gravity or pressure pipelines, formed using prefabricated pipes and their joints.
Renovation techniques for existing pressure and non-pressure systems are not covered by this document.
Methods of trenchless construction include:
- manned and unmanned techniques;
- steerable and non-steerable techniques.
Mining or tunnelling (e.g. in situ construction or the use of prefabricated segments) are not covered by this document although some parts may apply to these methods.
Requirements for associated pipeline installation work other than trenchless construction, e.g. for manholes and inspection chambers, are not covered by this document and are specified in EN 1610. This also applies to pipes that are subsequently installed within entry and exit shafts/pits.
Grabenlose Verlegung und Prüfung von Abwasserleitungen und -kanälen
Dieses Dokument ist anwendbar auf grabenlose Verlegungs und Erneuerungsverfahren sowie die Prüfung neuer Abwasserleitungen und kanäle im Boden mit vorgefertigten Rohren und deren Verbindungen, die üblicherweise als Freispiegel oder Druckrohrleitungen betrieben werden.
Renovierungsverfahren für vorhandene Druckrohrleitungen und drucklose Leitungen sind nicht Gegenstand dieser Europäischen Norm.
Die Methoden zur grabenlosen Verlegung umfassen:
- bemannte und unbemannte Verfahren;
- steuerbare und nichtsteuerbare Verfahren.
Bergmännische Bauverfahren und Tunnelbauverfahren (z. B. In Situ Bauverfahren oder die Verwendung vorgefertigter Segmente) sind nicht Gegenstand dieses Dokuments, obwohl einzelne Festlegungen gegebenenfalls auf diese Verfahren anwendbar sind.
Wenn bei der Ausführung grabenloser Baumaßnahmen auch nicht grabenlose Rohrverlegungsarbeiten anfallen, z. B. im Zusammenhang mit Schächten und Inspektionsöffnungen, sind diese nicht Gegenstand dieses Dokuments, sondern in EN 1610 festgelegt. Dies gilt auch für Rohre, die nachfolgend in Start und Zielschächten bzw. Ein und Ausstiegen eingebaut werden.
Mise en oeuvre sans tranchée et essais des branchements et collecteurs d'assainissement
Le présent document s’applique aux techniques de construction et de remplacement sans tranchée, ainsi qu’aux essais de collecteurs et branchements neufs, enterrés, fonctionnant habituellement comme des canalisations à écoulement libre ou sous pression, formées de tuyaux préfabriqués et de leurs assemblages.
Les techniques de rénovation des systèmes sous pression et sans pression existants ne sont pas couvertes par le présent document.
Les méthodes de mise en œuvre sans tranchée comprennent :
- les techniques avec ou sans intervention humaine ;
- les techniques avec ou sans guidage.
Les forages miniers ou les méthodes d’exécution des tunnels (par exemple, la construction in situ ou l’utilisation de voussoirs préfabriqués) ne sont pas couverts par le présent document, bien que certaines parties puissent s’appliquer à ces méthodes.
Les exigences relatives à la mise en œuvre des ouvrages annexes autres que la construction sans tranchée, par exemple pour les regards de visite et boîtes d’inspection ou de branchement, ne sont pas couvertes par le présent document et sont spécifiées dans l’EN 1610. Ceci s’applique également aux tuyaux qui sont installés ultérieurement dans les puits d’entrée et de sortie.
Izvedba in preskušanje kanalov in drenaž brez izkopa
Ta dokument se uporablja za izgradnjo brez izkopa, tehnike zamenjave brez izkopa ter preskušanje novih kanalov in novih kanalizacijskih drenaž v tleh, ki običajno delujejo kot gravitacijski ali tlačni cevovodi, izdelani iz montažnih cevi in njihovih spojev.
Tehnike obnove obstoječih tlačnih in netlačnih sistemov niso zajete v tem dokumentu.
Metode izgradnje brez izkopa so:
– tehnike z osebjem ali brez njega;
– vodljive in nevodljive tehnike.
Ta dokument ne zajema rudarjenja ali tuneliranja (npr. gradnja na mestu samem ali uporaba montažnih segmentov), čeprav se lahko nekateri deli navezujejo na te metode.
Zahteve za pripadajoča montažna dela cevovoda, razen izgradnje brez izkopa, npr. za jaške in revizijske komore, niso zajete v tem dokumentu in so določene v standardu EN 1610. To velja tudi za cevi, ki se naknadno vgradijo v vstopne in izstopne jaške/jame.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 12889:2023
01-januar-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12889:2000
Izvedba in preskušanje kanalov in drenaž brez izkopa
Trenchless construction and testing of drains and sewers
Grabenlose Verlegung und Prüfung von Abwasserleitungen und -kanälen
Mise en oeuvre sans tranchée et essais des branchements et collecteurs
d'assainissement
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12889:2022
ICS:
91.140.80 Drenažni sistemi Drainage systems
93.030 Zunanji sistemi za odpadno External sewage systems
vodo
SIST EN 12889:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 12889:2023
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SIST EN 12889:2023
EN 12889
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 93.030; 23.040.05 Supersedes EN 12889:2000
English Version
Trenchless construction and testing of drains and sewers
Mise en oeuvre sans tranchée et essais des Grabenlose Verlegung und Prüfung von
branchements et collecteurs d'assainissement Abwasserleitungen und -kanälen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 September 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12889:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 12889:2023
EN 12889:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 General . 7
4.1 Technical principles . 7
4.2 Safeguarding design decisions . 7
5 Construction components and materials . 8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 Pipes and joints . 8
5.3 Manholes and inspection chambers . 8
5.4 Delivery, handling and transportation on site . 8
5.5 Storage . 8
5.6 Other materials . 9
6 Techniques . 9
6.1 Classification . 9
6.2 Unmanned techniques . 11
6.2.1 General . 11
6.2.2 Non-steerable techniques . 11
6.2.3 Steerable techniques. 18
6.3 Manned techniques . 23
6.3.1 General . 23
6.3.2 Non-steerable techniques . 24
6.3.3 Steerable techniques. 24
6.3.4 Other manned techniques . 28
7 Requirements of planning and construction . 29
7.1 General . 29
7.2 Basic evaluation, design and construction planning . 29
7.2.1 General . 29
7.2.2 Survey of existing structures and systems . 30
7.2.3 Ground and groundwater . 31
7.2.4 Minimum clear dimensions . 33
7.2.5 Subsidence, heaves, cover . 33
7.2.6 Layout of the line . 33
7.2.7 Tolerances . 33
7.2.8 Starting, intermediate and target pits . 33
7.2.9 Working face support . 34
7.2.10 Additional measures in water bearing ground . 34
7.2.11 Obstacles . 34
7.2.12 Soil conditioning . 34
7.2.13 Structural calculation . 35
7.2.14 Construction site arrangement . 35
7.3 Work preparation and construction . 35
7.3.1 General . 35
7.3.2 Starting, intermediate and target pits . 36
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7.3.3 Exit and entry processes . 36
7.3.4 Static calculation of launch and reception shafts . 36
7.3.5 Overcut . 36
7.3.6 Recording and logging of jacking parameters . 36
7.3.7 Support of the working face . 37
7.3.8 Lubricant and supporting medium . 37
7.4 Avoidance of damage . 37
8 Inspection and testing of pipelines after installation . 38
8.1 General . 38
8.2 Visual inspection . 38
8.3 Leaktightness . 38
9 Qualifications . 38
Annex A (informative) Additional information about the different systems. 39
Annex B (informative) Guide to typical ranges of application regarding diameters and
lengths in suitable soil . 49
Annex C (informative) Guide to typical ranges of application for selected trenchless
techniques regarding diameters and lengths in suitable soils . 51
Annex D (informative) Trenchless insertion using a pipe plough system . 52
Bibliography . 53
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EN 12889:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 12889:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 165 “Waste water
engineering”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12889:2000.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following changes have been made:
a) editorial and technical revision of the complete document;
b) modification of terms and definitions;
c) adaptation of the description of all methods of trenchless techniques and installation of pipelines;
d) Clause 7 “Requirements of planning and construction” was added.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
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EN 12889:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This document is applicable to the trenchless construction, trenchless replacement techniques and
testing of new drains and new sewers in the ground and usually operating as gravity or pressure
pipelines, formed using prefabricated pipes and their joints.
Renovation techniques for existing pressure and non-pressure systems are not covered by this document.
Methods of trenchless construction include:
— manned and unmanned techniques;
— steerable and non-steerable techniques.
NOTE 1 Mining or tunnelling techniques for permanent structures (e.g. in situ construction or the use of
prefabricated segments) are not covered by this document although some parts can apply to these methods.
NOTE 2 Trenchless insertion using a pipe plough system is a common method for installing small pipes and
cables. The method does not exactly cope with the scope of this document. Therefore, it is described in the
informative Annex D.
Requirements for associated pipeline installation work other than trenchless construction, e.g. for
manholes and inspection chambers, are not covered by this document and are specified in EN 1610. This
also applies to pipes that are subsequently installed within entry and exit shafts/pits.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 476, General requirements for components used in drains and sewers
EN 752, Drain and sewer systems outside buildings - Sewer system management
EN 805, Water supply - Requirements for systems and components outside buildings
EN 1295-1, Structural design of buried pipelines under various conditions of loading - Part 1: General
requirements
EN 1610, Construction and testing of drains and sewers
EN 1997-2, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design - Part 2: Ground investigation and testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
cutting head
tool or system of tools on a common support, which excavates at the face of a bore
Note 1 to entry: The term usually applies to mechanical methods of excavation.
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3.2
expander
tool which enlarges a bore by displacement of the surrounding ground rather than by excavation
3.3
gravity pipeline
pipeline where flow is caused by the force of gravity and where the pipeline is designed usually to operate
partially full
3.4
overbreak
extent by which the excavated void including accidental ground losses initially exceeds the outside
dimension of the pipe
3.5
overcut
half of the difference of borehole diameter and external pipe diameter (ideally, an even annular space
around the pipeline)
3.6
pipe jacking
system of directly installing pipes behind a cutting head and/or shield, by hydraulic jacking from a drive
shaft, such that the pipes form a string in the ground
3.7
reamer
cutting head attached to the end of a drill string or pilot rod to enlarge the pilot diameter during a pull-
back or pushing operation, to enable a pipe or pipes to be installed
3.8
renovation
work incorporating all or part of the original fabric of the pipeline by means of which its current
performance is improved
[SOURCE: EN 15885:2018, 3.2]
3.9
replacement
construction of a new pipeline, on or off the line of an existing pipeline, where the function of the new
pipeline system incorporates that of the old
[SOURCE: EN 15885:2018, 3.4]
3.10
spoil
material excavated and removed in the course of installation
3.11
trenchless construction technique
technique for constructing pipelines in the ground without opening trenches
3.12
manned technique
technique involving the use of personnel working in the excavated bore during installation
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3.13
unmanned technique
technique avoiding the use of personnel working in the excavated bore during installation
4 General
4.1 Technical principles
Pipelines, manholes and inspection chambers are engineering structures in which the combined
performance of construction components, bedding and fill or the surrounding ground constitutes the
basis for stability and safety in operation. The pipes, fittings and components for jointing supplied,
together with the work carried out at site, are all important factors in achieving a structure with adequate
performance over the intended service life.
The network owner and the planner shall coordinate the extent and the requirements of the engineering
services to be rendered each individual case.
The pipeline and any associated structures shall be designed during planning in accordance with
EN 1295-1 and EN 752 as applicable to ensure that they are capable of carrying all foreseeable imposed
and operational loads with a sufficient level of safety.
A procedure shall be established for the resolution of technical questions, agreement and recording of
changes to design decisions made during construction.
Additionally, other local or national regulations can apply, e.g. concerning health and safety, pavement
installation, tolerances for deviation in line and level and requirements for leaktightness testing.
4.2 Safeguarding design decisions
In the execution of the work it shall be ensured that the decisions made in the design are complied with
or adapted to changed conditions.
The design decisions can be affected by a variation of any of the following which should be checked during
installation:
— pipe support;
— ground conditions and soil types;
— construction traffic and assumptions concerning temporary loads;
— ground water level;
— existing infrastructure in the same proximity (e.g. pipelines, cables, structures);
— settlement and heave;
— deflection;
— deviation from line;
— pipe type, strength or class.
NOTE The above list is not exhaustive.
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5 Construction components and materials
5.1 General
Construction components and materials shall conform to European Standards. In the absence of these,
the components and materials shall comply with design requirements and EN 476.
All written instructions of the manufacturer shall be complied with.
5.2 Pipes and joints
Installation shall not commence before the following criteria have been agreed between the designer and
installer. These shall be obtained from appropriate product standards or from the pipe manufacturer:
— internal pipe diameter;
— external pipe diameter;
— pipe length;
— tolerances on dimensions;
— permissible jacking load or pulling force;
— type and performance of joints;
— longitudinal flexibility (acceptable bending radius or angular deflection).
5.3 Manholes and inspection chambers
Manholes and inspection chambers shall comply with the design. Prefabricated components shall be
assembled and installed according to the instructions of the manufacturer and the designer.
5.4 Delivery, handling and transportation on site
Construction components and materials shall be inspected on delivery to ensure that they are
appropriately marked and comply with the design requirements.
Any handling or transportation instructions from the manufacturer shall be complied with.
Products shall be examined both on delivery and immediately prior to installation to ensure that they are
free from damage and in accordance with the relevant product standard.
5.5 Storage
Any instructions from the manufacturer and the requirements of the appropriate product standards shall
be complied with.
Construction components and materials shall be stored in such a manner to keep them clean and avoid
contamination or degradation, for example elastomeric jointing components shall be kept clean and be
protected from sources of ozone (e.g. electrical equipment), sunlight and oil, where necessary.
Pipes shall be secured to prevent rolling. Excessive stacking heights shall be avoided so that pipes in the
lower part of the stacks are not overloaded. Stacks of pipes shall not be placed close to open trenches.
Pipes with protective coatings shall be stored where necessary, on supports which keep them clear of the
ground to avoid damage to coatings and joints. All pipes should be stored on supports in very cold
weather to avoid freezing to the ground.
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5.6 Other materials
The mechanical and environmental impact of other materials used during the construction process on:
— pipeline;
— surrounding soil;
— surface water and groundwater
shall be considered by the designer.
Consideration shall also be given to the following:
— production/origin;
— treatment and storage;
— leaching;
— cleanliness.
6 Techniques
6.1 Classification
Pre-fabricated pipes are jacked or pulled into the ground between the starting pit and the target pit. The
soil is either displaced and/or excavated at the working face and is mechanically, hydraulically or
pneumatically transported to the starting or target pit or in some techniques can be removed from the
pipe as an earth core after completion. There is a distinction between manned and unmanned processes.
Non-steerable or steerable jacking processes are selected depending on the required accuracy of
installation.
The selection of the process depends on:
— the planned/given jacking pipe;
— the required positional precision; this shall be defined by the client/ planner;
— the proximity to neighbouring utility services and sewers and other structures and systems;
— the external diameter;
— the jacking distance;
— the ground conditions;
— the groundwater conditions;
— the minimum depth of cover and
— the clear dimensions necessary for employing personnel inside the pipe string.
NOTE 1 The above list is not exhaustive.
A schematic classification of trenchless techniques is given in Figure 1, representing techniques available
at the time of publication of this document.
The techniques are described and illustrated in 6.2 and 6.3.
Planning information for the application of different systems are given in Annex A, Table A.1.
NOTE 2 The list presented in Figure 1 is not exhaustive. Other techniques and combinations exist and can be
used.
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Figure 1 — Classification of trenchless techniques
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EN 12889:2022 (E)
6.2 Unmanned techniques
6.2.1 General
Unmanned techniques do not require employment of personnel inside the pipe. Steerable Horizontal
Directional Drilling methods (HDD) as well as methods for trenchless replacement of pipelines on the
same line represent unmanned techniques that are related to pipe jacking. The prerequisite for
temporary employment of personnel inside the pipe string are described in 7.2.4.
6.2.2 Non-steerable techniques
6.2.2.1 General
The accuracy of non-steerable techniques in new construction is influenced by the ground (e.g. soil type),
intrusions and stratifications, the type of pipe joint, the external pipe diameter and the pipe wall thickness
and other things, and decreases overproportionally to the jacking distance. Therefore, the use of these
methods for pipelines that require an exact position is restricted for operational reasons. Damage to
adjacent systems has to be excluded by ensuring sufficient clearance. During new construction suitable
methods should be used to determine the position during jacking.
For use in water-bearing strata, additional measures such as groundwater retention can become
necessary.
Table B.1 contains empirical values for the area of application of the listed unmanned, non-steerable
techniques. The in situ ground conditions and project-specific boundary conditions shall always be taken
into consideration.
6.2.2.2 Soil displacement techniques
6.2.2.2.1 General
All listed techniques require soil that is displaceable.
6.2.2.2.2 Impact moling
Impact moling is a technique, generally considered to be non-steerable, using a pneumatic powered
torpedo shaped device, known as a mole (see Figure 2). This incorporates a reciprocating internal
hammer impacting on the back of a nose cone which in some cases can move independently of the main
body. The friction between the main body and the ground enables the nose cone to move forward at each
hammer blow, whilst the length of the main body keeps the mole on line. There are several designs of
nose cone, which claim to give better penetration, or to be less susceptible to being pushed off line by
lumps of stone.
Because the soil material has to be forced out into the surrounding ground, this technique is confined to
small pipe diameters. The pipe is generally pulled in behind the mole, or can be pulled back as the mole
is reversed out. The pipe installation is either done simultaneously or, in a sufficiently stable soil, by
subsequent pulling or pushing in. A shrinking of the bore diameter of the cavity by 5 % to 15 % has to be
taken into account.
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Key
1 air compressor
2 starting pit
3 new (discrete) pipe
4 impact mole
5 planned route
6 target pit
7 typical nose cone
Figure 2 — Example of impact moling
6.2.2.2.3 Pipe ramming with a pipe closed at its leading end
Pipe ramming with a pipe closed at its leading end is a technique of forming a bore by driving a steel
casing with a closed end using a percussive hammer (see Figure 3). The soil is displaced by the leading
closed pipe end.
When dimensioning the pipes for trenchless installation with pipe ramming, additional dynamic loads
have to be taken into account. Product pipes with cement mortar lining and/or cement mortar coating
shall not be directly installed by pipe ramming.
Key
1 starting pit
2 ramming hammer
3 pipe
4 air compressor
5 end cone
6 planned route
7 target pit
Figure 3 — Example of pipe ramming with a pipe closed at its leading end
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6.2.2.2.4 Rod pushing with an expander
Pushing a pilot rod displaces the soil. After having arrived in the target pit, the rod is connected to a
conical pushing head or a soil displacement hammer, which is also connected to the host or product pipes.
Afterwards, the entire string is pulled back (see Figure 4).
The upper part of Figure 4 shows the installation of pilot rod and initi
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 12889:2020
01-julij-2020
Izvedba in preskušanje kanalov in drenaž brez izkopa
Trenchless construction and testing of drains and sewers
Grabenlose Verlegung und Prüfung von Abwasserleitungen und -kanälen
Mise en oeuvre sans tranchée et essais des branchements et collecteurs
d'assainissement
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 12889
ICS:
91.140.80 Drenažni sistemi Drainage systems
93.030 Zunanji sistemi za odpadno External sewage systems
vodo
oSIST prEN 12889:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 12889:2020
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oSIST prEN 12889:2020
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 12889
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2020
ICS 23.040.05; 93.030 Will supersede EN 12889:2000
English Version
Trenchless construction and testing of drains and sewers
Mise en oeuvre sans tranchée et essais des Grabenlose Verlegung und Prüfung von
branchements et collecteurs d'assainissement Abwasserleitungen und -kanälen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 165.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 12889:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 12889:2020
prEN 12889:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 General . 7
4.1 Technical principles . 7
4.2 Safeguarding design decisions . 7
5 Construction components and materials . 8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 Pipes and joints . 8
5.3 Manholes and inspection chambers . 8
5.4 Delivery, handling and transportation on site . 8
5.5 Storage . 8
5.6 Other materials . 9
6 Techniques . 9
6.1 Classification . 9
6.2 Unmanned techniques . 11
6.2.1 General . 11
6.2.2 Non-steerable techniques . 11
6.2.3 Steerable techniques. 18
6.3 Manned techniques . 25
6.3.1 General . 25
6.3.2 Non-steerable techniques . 26
6.3.3 Steerable techniques. 26
6.3.4 Other manned techniques . 29
7 Requirements of planning and construction . 29
7.1 General . 29
7.2 Basic evaluation, design and construction planning . 29
7.2.1 General . 29
7.2.2 Survey of existing structures and systems . 30
7.2.3 Subsoil and groundwater . 30
7.2.4 Minimum clear dimensions . 32
7.2.5 Subsidence, heaves, cover . 32
7.2.6 Layout of the line . 32
7.2.7 Tolerances . 32
7.2.8 Starting, intermediate and target pits . 33
7.2.9 Working face support . 33
7.2.10 Additional measures in water bearing subsoil . 33
7.2.11 Obstacles . 34
7.2.12 Soil conditioning . 34
7.2.13 Structural calculation . 34
7.2.14 Construction site arrangement . 34
7.3 Work preparation and construction . 34
7.3.1 General . 34
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7.3.2 Starting, intermediate and target pits . 35
7.3.3 Exit and entry processes . 35
7.3.4 Launch and reception shafts . 35
7.3.5 Overcut . 35
7.3.6 Recording and logging of jacking parameters . 35
7.3.7 Support of the working face . 36
7.3.8 Lubricant and supporting medium . 36
7.4 Avoidance of damage . 36
8 Inspection and testing of pipelines after installation . 37
8.1 General . 37
8.2 Visual inspection . 37
8.3 Leaktightness . 37
9 Qualifications . 38
Annex A (informative) Abstract from Directive 2014/25/EU of the European Parliament
and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on procurement by entities operating in the
water, energy, transport and postal services sectors and repealing
Directive 2004/17/EC (Text with EEA relevance) . 39
Annex B (informative) Planning information for the application of different systems . 40
Annex C (informative) Typical ranges of application regarding diameters and lengths in
suitable soil . 48
Annex D (informative) Typical ranges of application for selected trenchless techniques
regarding diameters and lengths in suitable soils . 50
Bibliography . 51
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European foreword
This document (prEN 12889:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 165 “Waste
water engineering”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 12889:2000.
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1 Scope
This document is applicable to the trenchless construction, trenchless replacement techniques and
testing of new drains and new sewers in the ground usually operating as gravity or pressure pipelines,
formed using prefabricated pipes and their joints.
Renovation techniques for existing pressure and non-pressure systems are not covered by this
document.
Methods of trenchless construction include:
— manned and unmanned techniques;
— steerable and non-steerable techniques.
Mining or tunnelling (e.g. in situ construction or the use of prefabricated segments) are not covered by
this document although some parts may apply to these methods.
Requirements for associated pipeline installation work other than trenchless construction, e.g. for
manholes and inspection chambers, are not covered by this document and are specified in EN 1610.
This also applies to pipes that are subsequently installed within entry and exit shafts/pits.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 476, General requirements for components used in drains and sewers
EN 752, Drain and sewer systems outside buildings – Sewer system management
EN 805, Water supply – Requirements for systems and components outside buildings
EN 1295-1, Structural design of buried pipelines under various conditions of loading – Part 1: General
requirements
EN 1610:2015, Construction and testing of drains and sewers
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
cutting head
tool or system of tools on a common support, which excavates at the face of a bore
Note 1 to entry: The term usually applies to mechanical methods of excavation.
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3.2
expander
tool which enlarges a bore by displacement of the surrounding ground rather than by excavation
3.3
gravity pipeline
pipeline where flow is caused by the force of gravity and where the pipeline is designed usually to
operate partially full
3.4
overbreak
extent by which the excavated void including accidental ground losses initially exceeds the outside
dimension of the pipe
3.5
overcut
annular space around the pipe deliberately created by using a cutting head or shield of greater
dimension than the outside dimension of the pipe
3.6
pipe jacking
system of directly installing pipes behind a cutting head and/or shield, by hydraulic jacking from a drive
shaft, such that the pipes form a string in the ground
3.7
reamer
cutting head attached to the end of a drill string or pilot rod to enlarge the pilot diameter during a pull-
back or pushing operation, to enable a pipe or pipes to be installed
3.8
renovation
work incorporating all or part of the original fabric of the pipeline by means of which its current
performance is improved
[SOURCE: EN 15885:2018, 3.2]
3.9
replacement
construction of a new pipeline, on or off the line of an existing pipeline, where the function of the new
pipeline system incorporates that of the old
[SOURCE: EN 15885:2018, 3.4]
3.10
spoil
material excavated and removed in the course of installation
3.11
trenchless construction technique
technique for constructing pipelines in the ground without opening trenches
3.12
manned technique
technique involving the use of personnel working in the excavated bore during installation
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3.13
unmanned technique
technique avoiding the use of personnel working in the excavated bore during installation
4 General
4.1 Technical principles
Pipelines, manholes and inspection chambers are engineering structures in which the combined
performance of construction components, bedding and fill or the surrounding ground constitutes the
basis for stability and safety in operation. The pipes, fittings and components for jointing supplied,
together with the work carried out at site, are all important factors in achieving a structure with
adequate performance over the intended service life.
The network owner and the planner shall coordinate the extent and the requirements of the
engineering services to be rendered for the individual case.
The pipeline and any associated structures shall be designed during planning in accordance with
EN 1295-1 and EN 752 as applicable to ensure it is capable of carrying all foreseeable imposed and
operational loads with a sufficient level of safety.
A procedure shall be established for the resolution of technical questions, agreement and recording of
changes to design decisions made during construction.
Additionally other local or national regulations may apply, e.g. concerning health and safety, pavement
installation, tolerances for deviation in line and level and requirements for leaktightness testing.
4.2 Safeguarding design decisions
In the execution of the work it shall be ensured that the decisions made in the design are complied with
or adapted to changed conditions.
The design decisions may be affected by variation of any of the following which should be checked
during installation:
— pipe support;
— soil conditions and soil types;
— construction traffic and assumptions concerning temporary loads;
— ground water level;
— existing infrastructure in the same proximity (e.g. pipelines, cables, structures);
— settlement and heave;
— deflection;
— deviation from line;
— pipe type, strength or class.
NOTE The above list is not exhaustive.
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5 Construction components and materials
5.1 General
Construction components and materials shall conform to European Standards. In the absence of these,
the components and materials shall comply with design requirements and EN 476.
All written instructions of the manufacturer shall be complied with.
5.2 Pipes and joints
Installation shall not commence before the following criteria have been agreed between the designer
and installer. These may be obtained from appropriate product standards or from the pipe
manufacturer:
— internal pipe diameter;
— external pipe diameter;
— pipe length;
— tolerances on dimensions;
— permissible jacking load or pulling force;
— type and performance of joints;
— longitudinal flexibility (acceptable bending radius or angular deflection).
5.3 Manholes and inspection chambers
Manholes and inspection chambers shall comply with the design. Prefabricated components shall be
assembled and installed according to the instructions of the manufacturer and the designer.
5.4 Delivery, handling and transportation on site
Construction components and materials shall be inspected on delivery to ensure that they are
appropriately marked and comply with the design requirements.
Any handling or transportation instructions from the manufacturer shall be complied with.
Products shall be examined both on delivery and immediately prior to installation to ensure that they
are free from damage and in accordance with the relevant product standard.
5.5 Storage
Any instructions from the manufacturer and the requirements of the appropriate product standards
shall be complied with.
Construction components and materials should be stored in such a manner to keep them clean and
avoid contamination or degradation, for example elastomeric jointing components should be kept clean
and be protected from sources of ozone (e.g. electrical equipment), sunlight and oil, where necessary.
Pipes shall be secured to prevent rolling. Excessive stacking heights should be avoided so that pipes in
the lower part of the stacks are not overloaded. Stacks of pipes shall not be placed close to open
trenches.
Pipes with protective coatings shall be stored where necessary, on supports which keep them clear of
the ground to avoid damage to coatings and joints. All pipes should be stored on supports in very cold
weather to avoid freezing to the ground.
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5.6 Other materials
The mechanical and environmental impact of other materials used during the construction process on:
— pipeline,
— surrounding soil,
— surface water and groundwater
shall be considered by the designer.
Consideration shall also be given to the following:
— production/origin;
— treatment and storage;
— leaching;
— cleanliness.
6 Techniques
6.1 Classification
Pre-fabricated pipes are jacked or pulled into the ground between the starting pit and the target pit. The
soil is either displaced and/or excavated at the working face and is mechanically, hydraulically or
pneumatically transported to the starting or target pit or in some techniques may be removed from the
pipe as an earth core after completion. It is distinguished between manned and unmanned processes.
With reference to the required accuracy, non-steerable or steerable jacking processes are selected.
The selection of the process depends on:
— the planned/given jacking pipe;
— the required positional precision; the client/ planner shall define it;
— the proximity to neighbouring utility services and sewers and other structures and systems;
— the external diameter;
— the jacking distance;
— the subsoil conditions;
— the groundwater conditions;
— the minimum depth of cover and
— the clear dimensions necessary for employing personnel inside the pipe string.
A schematic classification of trenchless techniques is given in Figure 1, representing techniques
available at the time of publication of this European Standard.
The techniques are described and illustrated in 6.2 and 6.3.
Planning information for the application of different systems are given in Annex B, Table B.1.
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Figure 1 — Classification of trenchless techniques
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6.2 Unmanned techniques
6.2.1 General
Unmanned techniques do not require employment of personnel inside the pipe string and in the jacking
station for jacking. Steerable Horizontal Directional Drilling methods (HDD) as well as methods for
trenchless replacement of pipelines on the same line represent unmanned techniques that are related
to pipe jacking. The prerequisite for a temporary employment of personnel inside the pipe string are
described in 7.2.4.
6.2.2 Non-steerable techniques
6.2.2.1 General
The accuracy of non-steerable techniques in new construction is influenced by the subsoil (e.g. soil
type), intrusions and stratifications, the type of pipe joint, the external pipe diameter and the pipe wall
thickness and other things, and decreases disproportionately with the jacking distance. Therefore the
use of these methods for pipelines that require an exact position is restricted because of operational
reasons. Damage to adjacent systems has to be excluded by ensuring sufficient clearance. Thus, during
new construction suitable methods should be used to determine the position during jacking.
For use in water-bearing strata, additional measures such as groundwater retention may become
necessary.
Table C.1 contains empirical values for the area of application of the listed unmanned, non-steerable
techniques. The in situ subsoil conditions and project-specific boundary conditions shall always be
taken into consideration.
6.2.2.2 Soil displacement techniques
6.2.2.2.1 General
All listed techniques require soil that is displaceable.
6.2.2.2.2 Impact moling
Impact moling is a technique, generally considered to be non-steerable, using a pneumatic powered
torpedo shaped device, known as a mole (see Figure 2). This incorporates a reciprocating internal
hammer impacting on the back of a nose cone which in some cases can move independently of the main
body. The friction between the main body and the ground enables the nose cone to move forward at
each hammer blow, while the length of the main body keeps the mole on line. There are several designs
of nose cone, which claim to give better penetration, or to be less susceptible to being pushed off line by
lumps of stone.
Because the excavated material has to be forced out into the surrounding ground, this technique is
confined to small pipe diameters. The pipe is generally pulled in behind the mole, or can be pulled back
as the mole is reversed out. The piping is either done simultaneously or in a sufficiently stable soil by
subsequent pulling or pushing in. A shrinking of the excavated diameter of the cavity by 5 % to 15 %
has to be taken into account. Up to an external diameter of 63 mm, the technique can be used in a
steerable manner.
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Key
1 air compressor
2 starting pit
3 new (discrete) pipe
4 impact mole
5 planned route
6 target pit
Figure 2 — Example of impact moling
6.2.2.2.3 Pipe ramming with a pipe closed at its leading end
Pipe ramming with a pipe closed at its leading end is a technique of forming a bore by driving a steel
casing with a closed end using a percussive hammer (see Figure 3). The soil is displaced by the leading
closed pipe end.
When dimensioning the pipes for trenchless installation with pipe ramming, additional dynamic loads
have to be taken into account. Product pipes with cement mortar lining and/or cement mortar coating
shall not be installed by pipe ramming.
Key
1 starting pit
2 ramming hammer
3 pipe
4 air compressor
5 end cone
6 planned route
7 target pit
Figure 3 — Example of pipe ramming with a pipe closed at its leading end
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6.2.2.2.4 Rod pushing with an expander
Pushing a pilot rod displaces the soil. After having arrived in the target pit, the rod is connected to a
conical pushing head or a soil displacement hammer, which is also connected to the host or product
pipes. Afterwards, the entire string is pulled back (see Figure 4).
The upper part of Figure 4 shows the installation of pilot rod and initial displacement of soil. The lower
part shows the installation of the pipe and further displacement of soil.
The expander may be in the form of a displacement cone or a reamer.
Key
1 starting pit 5 target pit
2 ram system 6 rod
3 hydraulic pump 7 expander
4 pilot rod 8 pipe
Figure 4 — Example of the process of rod pushing with an expander
6.2.2.2.5 Pipe bursting
Replacement is done by bursting or splitting the existing pipe, and displacing it into the surrounding
ground, while simultaneously pulling in a new continuous or discrete pipe, of the same or larger
diameter.
A bursting head with a cone with or without fixed blades is generally used for brittle pipe materials
such as clay, grey cast iron or fibre cement, whereas a splitting head with cutting discs is generally used
for non-brittle pipe materials such as ductile iron, steel or plastics. Both types of head embody an
expansion cone to displace the existing burst or split pipe into the surrounding ground and form a bore
for the new pipe.
Additional measures may become necessary in water-bearing soils. The new pipe shall be dimensioned
in accordance with the structural calculation.
Methods used are static
...
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