SIST EN 14865-1:2010
(Main)Railway Applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate
Railway Applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate
This European Standard specifies a testing method and sets the acceptance criteria for the determining of the lubrication ability of lubricating greases intended for the lubrication of axlebox bearings. The lubricating ability, primarily related to the capability of lubricating greases to protect against wear, is determined in a roller bearing lubricant test rig. Wear of the rolling bearing rollers, the frictional behaviour and temperature during the test are used to discriminate between lubricating greases. The method described is carried out in order to test axlebox greases for ordinary-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 200 km/h, and for greases intended for high-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 300 km/h. The method is a discriminating process, and those greases that pass will be subject to more extensive performance tests. For purpose of quality assurance and quality control, this test method is also used for batch testing of greases intended for use in axleboxes. For light rail and tramway applications other standards or documents agreed between the customer and the supplier may be applied.
Bahnanwendungen - Schmierfette für Radsatzlager - Teil 1: Prüfung der Schmierfähigkeit
Diese Europäische Norm spezifiziert ein Prüfverfahren und legt Akzeptanzkriterien für die Bestimmung der Schmierfähigkeit von Schmierfetten fest, die für die Schmierung von Achslagern bestimmt sind. Auf dieses Prüfverfahren wird in EN 12081 Bezug genommen. Die Schmierfähigkeit der Fette wir im Wälzlagerprüfstand hinsichtlich Verschleißschutz und Reibungsverhalten untersucht. Diese Prüfung dient als Unterscheidungsmerkmal für die Leistungsfähigkeit verschiedene Fette.
Das Verfahren wird angewandt, um die Schmierfette für Achslager von Schienenfahrzeugen mit normaler Geschwindigkeit, mit Geschwindigkeiten bis zu 200 km/h und für Hochgeschwindigkeitsfahrzeuge mit Geschwindigkeiten bis zu 300 km/h zu prüfen. Das Verfahren dient der Unterscheidung von Fetten. Die akzeptierten Schmierfette werden weiteren umfangreichen Leistungsprüfungen nach EN 12082 unterzogen.
Für die Qualitätssicherung und Qualitätskontrolle wird dieses Verfahren ebenfalls zur Chargenprüfung der Schmierfette angewandt.
AApplications ferroviaires - Graisses lubrifiantes pour boîtes d'essieux - Partie 1 : Méthode d'essai d'aptitude à lubrifier les véhicules circulant à des vitesses classiques jusqu'à 200 km/h et les véhicules circulant à grande vitesse jusqu'à 300 km/h
1.1 Généralités
La présente norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions techniques ferroviaires à respecter pour la circulation des
machines et autres véhicules utilisés pour la construction, la maintenance ou le contrôle de la voie, des ouvrages
d'art, de la plate-forme, des infrastructures et des installations fixes de traction électrique.
La présente Norme européenne s'applique à toutes les machines et autres véhicules, ci-après désignés
"machines", circulant exclusivement sur les voies ferrées des chemins de fer (utilisant l’adhérence rail /roue), et
utilisés pour la construction, la maintenance et le contrôle de la voie, des ouvrages d'art, des infrastructures et des
installations fixes de traction électrique. La présente norme européenne s’applique aux machines prévues pour
actionner les systèmes ferroviaires de signalisation et de contrôle. D’autres machines similaires sont traitées dans
d’autres normes européennes, voir Annexe L.
Des prescriptions supplémentaires peuvent s’appliquer pour la circulation :
⎯ aux infrastructures ferroviaires à voies large ou étroite,
⎯ aux lignes de tramway,
⎯ aux chemins de fer autres que ceux à adhérence rail/roue,
⎯ aux machines rail/route
⎯ aux infrastructures à voie en chaussée ou en souterrain.
La présente Norme européenne couvre les prescriptions pour le maintien de la sécurité et l’accès au trafic
ferroviaire, considérant les problèmes spécifiques liés à la circulation sur les différentes infrastructures ferroviaires,
en corrélation avec la circulation de la machine comme un train ainsi que les circulations nécessaires pour
atteindre les zones de travail. L’application de ces prescriptions fait l’objet d’une procédure de vérification, qui ne
fait pas partie de la présente norme européenne. L'accès aux infrastructures ferroviaires nécessite dans tous les
cas une autorisation d’accès.
Železniške naprave - Maziva za ležaje kolesnih dvojic - 1. del: Preskusna metoda za ugotavljanje zmožnosti mazanja
Ta evropski standard določa preskusno metodo in postavlja merila sprejemljivosti za določanje zmožnosti mazanja maziv, namenjenih za mazanje ležajev kolesnih dvojic. Zmožnost mazanja, ki je povezana predvsem z zmožnostjo maziv, da ščitijo pred obrabo, se določa s preskusno napravo maziv za valjčne ležaje. Za ločevanje med mazivi se uporablja obraba valjčnih ležajev, torne lastnosti in temperatura med preskusom. Opisana metoda je namenjena preskušanju maziv za ležaje kolesnih dvojnic pri klasičnih vozilih do hitrosti 200 km/h in pri vozilih za visoke hitrosti do 300 km/h. Metoda je ločevalni postopek; na mazivih, ki preskus prestanejo, se izvajajo obširnejši preskusi učinkovitosti. Za namen zagotavljanja kakovosti in nadzora kakovosti se ta preskusna metoda uporablja tudi za preskušanje vrste maziv, namenjenih za ležaje kolesnih dvojnic. Za hitre tramvaje in tramvaje lahko veljajo drugi standardi ali dokumenti, o katerih se dogovorita stranka in dobavitelj.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Železniške naprave - Maziva za ležaje kolesnih dvojic - 1. del: Preskusna metoda za ugotavljanje zmožnosti mazanjaBahnanwendungen - Schmierfette für Radsatzlager - Teil 1: Prüfung der SchmierfähigkeitAApplications ferroviaires - Graisses lubrifiantes pour boîtes d'essieux - Partie 1 : Méthode d'essai d'aptitude à lubrifier les véhicules circulant à des vitesses classiques jusqu'à 200 km/h et les véhicules circulant à grande vitesse jusqu'à 300 km/hRailway Applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate75.100MazivaLubricants, industrial oils and related products45.040Materiali in deli za železniško tehnikoMaterials and components for railway engineeringICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14865-1:2009SIST EN 14865-1:2010en,fr,de01-junij-2010SIST EN 14865-1:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 14865-1:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14865-1March 2009ICS 45.040; 75.100 English VersionRailway Applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1:Method to test the ability to lubricateApplications ferroviaires - Graisses lubrifiantes pour boîtesd'essieux - Partie 1 : Méthode d'essai d'aptitude à lubrifierles véhicules circulant à des vitesses classiques jusqu'à200 km/h et les véhicules circulant à grande vitesse jusqu'à300 km/hBahnanwendungen - Schmierfette für Radsatzlager - Teil 1:Prüfung der Schmierfähigkeit von Radsatzlagern vonSchienenfahrzeugen für normale Geschwindigkeiten bis200 km/h und für Hochgeschwindigkeitsfahrzeuge bis 300km/hThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 January 2009.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels© 2009 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14865-1:2009: ESIST EN 14865-1:2010
EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 Introduction .4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Symbols .7 5 Testing principle .8 6 Reagents and material .8 7 Test equipment .9 7.1 Test rig FE8 .9 7.2 Test bearings .9 7.3 Measuring equipment . 10 8 Grease sampling . 11 9 Testing procedure. 11 9.1 Washing procedure . 11 9.2 Assembly . 11 9.3 Running the test . 11 10 Evaluation . 12 10.1 Recording . 12 10.2 Test result . 12 11 Precision . 13 11.1 General background . 13 11.2 Repeatability . 13 11.3 Reproducibility . 14 12 Test report . 14 Annex A (informative)
Maintenance . 15 Annex B (informative)
Round Robin test . 16 B.1 Result . 16 B.2 Symbols in the Figures B.1 and B.2. 16 B.3 Test data distribution . 17 Annex C (informative)
Precision calculation examples. 18 C.1 Repeatability example . 18 C.2 Reproducibility example . 18 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2001/16/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2001 on the interoperability of the trans-European conventional rail system, as modified by EU Directive 2004/50/EC of 29 April 2004 . 19 Bibliography . 21
SIST EN 14865-1:2010
EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14865-1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway Applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to support Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2001/16, as modified by EU Directive 2004/50. For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
This series of standards EN 14865 "Railway applications – Axlebox lubricating greases" consists of the following parts:
Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate; Part 2: Method to test the mechanical stability to cover vehicle speeds up to 200 km/h. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 14865-1:2010
EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard standardizes a test method and acceptance criteria for the demand in EN 12081 for testing the ability of greases to lubricate axlebox bearings. It addresses the issue of lubricating ability of lubricating greases operating under severe conditions. All lubricants have three main functions: to form a lubricating film that separates rolling elements and raceways, to protect the bearing from corrosion and give good longevity. For lubricating greases in axleboxes there is also the demand that the product must keep the lubricating ability, sometimes without relubrication, during very long periods of time under arduous operating and environmental conditions. The testing procedure in this European Standard is severe and is used to discriminate between lubricating greases of different lubricating ability. SIST EN 14865-1:2010
EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a testing method and sets the acceptance criteria for the determining of the lubrication ability of lubricating greases intended for the lubrication of axlebox bearings. The lubricating ability, primarily related to the capability of lubricating greases to protect against wear, is determined in a roller bearing lubricant test rig. Wear of the rolling bearing rollers, the frictional behaviour and temperature during the test are used to discriminate between lubricating greases. NOTE 1 The testing method is referred to in EN 12081. The method described is carried out in order to test axlebox greases for ordinary-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 200 km/h, and for greases intended for high-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 300 km/h. The method is a discriminating process, and those greases that pass will be subject to more extensive performance tests. NOTE 2 In EN 12082 a more extensive rig performance test is described in detail. This rig performance test will check the satisfactory function of the assembly of box housing, bearing, sealing and grease during a simulated journey. For purpose of quality assurance and quality control, this test method is also used for batch testing of greases intended for use in axleboxes. For light rail and tramway applications other standards or documents agreed between the customer and the supplier may be applied. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004) EN ISO 4259:2006, Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 1: General principles and definitions ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method ISO 5725-6:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 6: Use in practice of accuracy values 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 lubricating grease semi-solid product consisting of a mixture of liquid lubricant thickened with soaps or other thickeners, and may also contain other ingredients, imparting special properties (additives) SIST EN 14865-1:2010
EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 6 3.2 grease lubricating ability lubricating ability of the grease during the stressing duration of the test, see 3.3, determined as the mean rolling elements wear rate from tests with four tapered roller bearings NOTE In the FE8 test, the lubricating ability of grease is determined by wear and not by the service life of the grease. 3.3 stressing duration period of time, t, during which the lubricating grease sample is stressed dynamically and thermally until the test is terminated by the first failure of the test bearings or by the end of the testing period, see 3.4 3.4 testing period time required for testing, tp, until failure occurs of one of the test bearings or 500 hours if a test run without interruption NOTE For approval, the required time for a test is always 500 hours (plus an initial operation during 24 hours at 750 r/min in the 1 500 r/min test). If a bearing will fail earlier, the test is failed. 3.5 frictional moment torque acting as a mechanical resistance to rotation, resulting from bearing friction 3.6 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement torque, Mr, required for driving the two test bearings, see Figure 1, obtained by measuring the force for retaining the bearing housing when the shaft is rotating 3.7 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at start torque, Mrs, of the test bearing arrangement immediately after starting the test 3.8 run-in period period of time, Ep, from the start of the test until the steady-state is reached NOTE 1 During the run-in period, the grease is distributed and run-in wear occurs. Due to the smoothing of the contacting areas, the ratio of the lubricant film thickness to the sum of the roughness of the contact areas increases, thereby increasing the separating effect of the lubricant film. Depending on the smoothing of the contacting surfaces, the frictional moment is continuously reduced during the run-in process. NOTE 2 For the test run at 1 500 r/min, there is a special run-in period of 24 hours before the real test starts. This run-in is carried out with the lower speed 750 r/min and with the axial load Fa = 10 kN.
3.9 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at steady-state torque, Mrb is obtained after the run-in period and is reached when the frictional moment stabilizes at a fairly constant value (variation can be 20 %) 3.10 steady-state temperature temperature, θB, obtained at the end of the run-in period 3.11 test temperature temperature, θ , measured at the outer ring of the spring-side test bearing NOTE Owing to better heat dissipation, the bearing at the drive side may be 2 °C to 5 °C cooler. SIST EN 14865-1:2010
EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 7 3.12 rolling element wear wear loss in weight, mw, during the stressing period due to wear caused by rolling and sliding movements in the rolling element raceway contacts and rolling element wear from cage contacts 3.13 mean rolling element wear mean rolling element wear in weight, mwm, from two tests according to this European Standard, each with two bearings, carried out in the same test rig and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.14 combined mean rolling element wear from repeatability tests mean rolling element wear in weight, mr, from four or more tests, each with two bearings, carried out in the same test rig and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.15 combined mean rolling element wear from reproducibility tests mean rolling element wear in weight, mR, from tests, each with two bearings, carried out with two or more tests in different laboratories and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.16 test speed operating speed, n, of the test bearing arrangement 3.17 test load axial load, Fa, constant in magnitude and acting on the test bearings in axial direction 3.18 outlier a deviating test value that is not fulfilling the statistical criteria specified in ISO 5725-2 4 Symbols For the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols apply: Ep run-in period, in hours Fa test load, in newtons Mr frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement, in newton metres Mrb frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at steady-state, in newton metres Mrs frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at start, in newton metres mR combined mean value of rolling element wear from tests in different laboratories for establishing
reproducibility, in milligrams mr combined mean rolling element wear from tests in one test rig for establishing repeatability, in milligrams mw rolling element wear, in milligrams mwm mean value of rolling element wear from four tested bearings, in milligrams n test speed, in revolutions per minute SIST EN 14865-1:2010
EN 14865-1:2009 (E) 8 Rw reproducibility limits, in milligrams rw repeatability limits, in milligrams sr repeatability standard deviation, in milligrams sR reproducibility standard deviation, in milligrams t stressing duration, in hours tp testing period, in hours µR permissible variation of reproducibility, in milligram µr permissible variation of repeatability, in milligram θ test temperature, in degrees Celsius θB steady-state temperature, in degrees Celsius 5 Testing principle The testing process evaluates component wear. The two tapered roller bearings installed in the test rig as testing elements are filled with a defined amount of the grease to be tested. The bearings are axially loaded with the test load Fa and driven with the test speed n. After a short run-in period Ep, a practically constant frictional moment, called steady-state moment Mrb, is obtained for the duration of the test. The steady-state temperature θB depends on frictional energy from the bearings. The steady-state temperature can be
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