SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011
(Main)Railway applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate
Railway applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate
This European Standard specifies a testing method and sets the acceptance criteria for the determining of the lubrication ability of lubricating greases intended for the lubrication of axlebox bearings. The lubricating ability, primarily related to the capability of lubricating greases to protect against wear, is determined in a roller bearing lubricant test rig. Wear of the rolling bearing rollers, the frictional behaviour and temperature during the test are used to discriminate between lubricating greases.
Bahnanwendungen - Schmierfette für Radsatzlager - Teil 1: Prüfung der Schmierfähigkeit
Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Prüfverfahren und Akzeptanzkriterien für die Bestimmung der Schmier-fähigkeit von Schmierfetten fest, die für die Schmierung von Radsatzlagern bestimmt sind. Die Schmierfähig-keit der Fette wird im Wälzlagerprüfstand hinsichtlich Verschleißschutz und Reibungsverhalten untersucht. Diese Prüfung dient als Unterscheidungsmerkmal für die Leistungsfähigkeit verschiedener Fette.
ANMERKUNG 1 Auf dieses Prüfverfahren wird in EN 12081 Bezug genommen.
Das Verfahren wird angewandt, um die Schmierfette für Radsatzlager von Schienenfahrzeugen mit normaler Geschwindigkeit, mit Geschwindigkeiten bis zu 200 km/h und für Hochgeschwindigkeitsfahrzeuge mit Geschwindigkeiten bis zu 300 km/h zu prüfen. Das Verfahren dient der Unterscheidung von Fetten. Die akzeptierten Schmierfette werden weiteren umfangreichen Leistungsprüfungen nach unterzogen.
ANMERKUNG 2 In der EN 12082 wird eine umfangreichere Prüfung auf einen Radsatzlagerprüfstand detailliert beschrieben. Diese Prüfung prüft die Eignung der Baugruppe aus Gehäusen, Lager, Dichtung und Schmierstoff mittels einer Fahrsimulation.
Für die Qualitätssicherung und Qualitätskontrolle wird dieses Verfahren ebenfalls zur Chargenprüfung der Schmierfette angewandt.
Für Nahverkehrsbahn- und Straßenbahnenanwendung können andere Normen und Dokumente angewandt werden. Diese sind zwischen dem Kunden und dem Lieferanten zu vereinbaren.
Applications ferroviaires - Graisses lubrifiantes pour boîtes d'essieux - Partie 1: Méthode d'essai d'aptitude à lubrifier
La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode d'essai et présente les critères d'acceptation pour la
détermination du pouvoir lubrifiant des graisses destinées à être utilisées pour la lubrification des roulements de boîte
d'essieux. Le pouvoir lubrifiant, lié en premier lieu à la capacité des graisses lubrifiantes à protéger contre l'usure,
est déterminé sur un banc d'essai permettant d'étudier la lubrification des roulements à rouleaux. L'usure des galets
des roulements à rouleaux, le comportement en friction et la température pendant l'essai servent à l'analyse
comparative des graisses lubrifiantes.
NOTE 1 La méthode d'essai est mentionnée dans l'EN 12081.
Cette méthode est mise en oeuvre afin de soumettre à l'essai les graisses de boîtes d'essieux destinées aux véhicules
circulant à vitesse classique jusqu'à 200 km/h, et les graisses utilisées pour les véhicules à grande vitesse, dont la
vitesse peut atteindre 300 km/h. Cette méthode constitue un outil comparatif ; les graisses lubrifiantes ainsi validées
feront l'objet d'essais de performances plus approfondis.
NOTE 2 Dans la norme EN 12082, des essais de performance sur banc plus intensifs sont décrits en détail. Les essais
de performance sur banc permettront de s’assurer que les logements des boîtes, les roulements, les étanchéités et les
graisses ont un comportement satisfaisant pendant le parcours simulé.
Pour les besoins d'assurance qualité et de contrôle qualité, cette méthode d'essai est également utilisée pour
le contrôle par lots des graisses lubrifiantes destinées aux boîtes d’essieux.
Pour les applications de type métro ou tramway d’autres normes ou documents dans le cadre d’un accord entre client
et fournisseur peuvent être appliquées.
Železniške naprave - Maziva za ležaje kolesnih dvojic - 1. del: Preskusna metoda za ugotavljanje zmožnosti mazanja
Ta evropski standard določa preskusno metodo in postavlja merila sprejemljivosti za določanje zmožnosti mazanja maziv za mazanje ležajev kolesnih dvojic. Zmožnost mazanja, ki je povezana predvsem z zmožnostjo maziv, da ščitijo pred obrabo, se določa s preskusno napravo maziv za valjčne ležaje. Za ločevanje med mazivi se uporablja obraba valjčnih ležajev, torne lastnosti in temperatura med preskusom.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Železniške naprave - Maziva za ležaje kolesnih dvojic - 1. del: Preskusna metoda za ugotavljanje zmožnosti mazanjaBahnanwendungen - Schmierfette für Radsatzlager - Teil 1: Prüfung der SchmierfähigkeitApplications ferroviaires - Graisses lubrifiantes pour boîtes d'essieux - Partie 1: Méthode d'essai d'aptitude à lubrifierRailway applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate75.100MazivaLubricants, industrial oils and related products45.040Materiali in deli za železniško tehnikoMaterials and components for railway engineeringICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011en,fr,de01-april-2011SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14865-1:2009+A1
October 2010 ICS 45.040; 75.100 Supersedes EN 14865-1:2009English Version
Railway applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate
Applications ferroviaires - Graisses lubrifiantes pour boîtes d'essieux - Partie 1: Méthode d'essai d'aptitude à lubrifier
Bahnanwendungen - Schmierfette für Radsatzlager - Teil 1: Prüfung der Schmierfähigkeit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 January 2009 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 September 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010: ESIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011
EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3Introduction .41Scope .52Normative references .53Terms and definitions .54Symbols .75Testing principle .86Reagents and material .87Test equipment .97.1Test rig FE8 .97.2Test bearings .97.3Measuring equipment . 108Grease sampling . 119Testing procedure. 119.1Washing procedure . 119.2Assembly . 119.3Running the test . 1110Evaluation . 1210.1Recording . 1210.2Test result . 1211Precision . 1311.1General background . 1311.2Repeatability . 1311.3Reproducibility . 1412Test report . 14Annex A (informative)
Maintenance . 15Annex B (informative)
Round Robin test . 16B.1Result . 16B.2Symbols in the Figures B.1 and B.2. 16B.3Test data distribution . 17Annex C (informative)
Precision calculation examples. 18C.1Repeatability example . 18C.2Reproducibility example . 18Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the interoperability of the rail system within the Community (Recast)"""" . 19Bibliography . 21 SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011
EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway Applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2011 .
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2010-09-14. This document supersedes EN 14865-1:2009. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ". !This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC. For relationship with EU Directive 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document."
This series of standards EN 14865 "Railway applications – Axlebox lubricating greases" consists of the following parts:
Part 1: Method to test the ability to lubricate; Part 2: Method to test the mechanical stability to cover vehicle speeds up to 200 km/h. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011
EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard standardizes a test method and acceptance criteria for the demand in EN 12081 for testing the ability of greases to lubricate axlebox bearings. It addresses the issue of lubricating ability of lubricating greases operating under severe conditions. All lubricants have three main functions: to form a lubricating film that separates rolling elements and raceways, to protect the bearing from corrosion and give good longevity. For lubricating greases in axleboxes there is also the demand that the product must keep the lubricating ability, sometimes without relubrication, during very long periods of time under arduous operating and environmental conditions. The testing procedure in this European Standard is severe and is used to discriminate between lubricating greases of different lubricating ability. SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011
EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a testing method and sets the acceptance criteria for the determining of the lubrication ability of lubricating greases intended for the lubrication of axlebox bearings. The lubricating ability, primarily related to the capability of lubricating greases to protect against wear, is determined in a roller bearing lubricant test rig. Wear of the rolling bearing rollers, the frictional behaviour and temperature during the test are used to discriminate between lubricating greases. NOTE 1 The testing method is referred to in EN 12081. The method described is carried out in order to test axlebox greases for ordinary-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 200 km/h, and for greases intended for high-speed vehicles, with speeds up to 300 km/h. The method is a discriminating process, and those greases that pass will be subject to more extensive performance tests. NOTE 2 In EN 12082 a more extensive rig performance test is described in detail. This rig performance test will check the satisfactory function of the assembly of box housing, bearing, sealing and grease during a simulated journey. For purpose of quality assurance and quality control, this test method is also used for batch testing of greases intended for use in axleboxes. For light rail and tramway applications other standards or documents agreed between the customer and the supplier may be applied. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004) EN ISO 4259:2006, Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 1: General principles and definitions ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method ISO 5725-6:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 6: Use in practice of accuracy values 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 lubricating grease semi-solid product consisting of a mixture of liquid lubricant thickened with soaps or other thickeners, and may also contain other ingredients, imparting special properties (additives) SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011
EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 6 3.2 grease lubricating ability lubricating ability of the grease during the stressing duration of the test, see 3.3, determined as the mean rolling elements wear rate from tests with four tapered roller bearings NOTE In the FE8 test, the lubricating ability of grease is determined by wear and not by the service life of the grease. 3.3 stressing duration period of time, t, during which the lubricating grease sample is stressed dynamically and thermally until the test is terminated by the first failure of the test bearings or by the end of the testing period, see 3.4 3.4 testing period time required for testing, tp, until failure occurs of one of the test bearings or 500 hours if a test run without interruption NOTE For approval, the required time for a test is always 500 hours (plus an initial operation during 24 hours at 750 r/min in the 1 500 r/min test). If a bearing will fail earlier, the test is failed. 3.5 frictional moment torque acting as a mechanical resistance to rotation, resulting from bearing friction 3.6 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement torque, Mr, required for driving the two test bearings, see Figure 1, obtained by measuring the force for retaining the bearing housing when the shaft is rotating 3.7 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at start torque, Mrs, of the test bearing arrangement immediately after starting the test 3.8 run-in period period of time, Ep, from the start of the test until the steady-state is reached NOTE 1 During the run-in period, the grease is distributed and run-in wear occurs. Due to the smoothing of the contacting areas, the ratio of the lubricant film thickness to the sum of the roughness of the contact areas increases, thereby increasing the separating effect of the lubricant film. Depending on the smoothing of the contacting surfaces, the frictional moment is continuously reduced during the run-in process. NOTE 2 For the test run at 1 500 r/min, there is a special run-in period of 24 hours before the real test starts. This run-in is carried out with the lower speed 750 r/min and with the axial load Fa = 10 kN.
3.9 frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at steady-state torque, Mrb is obtained after the run-in period and is reached when the frictional moment stabilizes at a fairly constant value (variation can be 20 %) 3.10 steady-state temperature temperature, θB, obtained at the end of the run-in period 3.11 test temperature temperature, θ , measured at the outer ring of the spring-side test bearing NOTE Owing to better heat dissipation, the bearing at the drive side may be 2 °C to 5 °C cooler. SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011
EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 7 3.12 rolling element wear wear loss in weight, mw, during the stressing period due to wear caused by rolling and sliding movements in the rolling element raceway contacts and rolling element wear from cage contacts 3.13 mean rolling element wear mean rolling element wear in weight, mwm, from two tests according to this European Standard, each with two bearings, carried out in the same test rig and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.14 combined mean rolling element wear from repeatability tests mean rolling element wear in weight, mr, from four or more tests, each with two bearings, carried out in the same test rig and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.15 combined mean rolling element wear from reproducibility tests mean rolling element wear in weight, mR, from tests, each with two bearings, carried out with two or more tests in different laboratories and with lubricating grease from the same sample 3.16 test speed operating speed, n, of the test bearing arrangement 3.17 test load axial load, Fa, constant in magnitude and acting on the test bearings in axial direction 3.18 outlier a deviating test value that is not fulfilling the statistical criteria specified in ISO 5725-2 4 Symbols For the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols apply: Ep run-in period, in hours Fa test load, in newtons Mr frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement, in newton metres Mrb frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at steady-state, in newton metres Mrs frictional moment of the test bearing arrangement at start, in newton metres mR combined mean value of rolling element wear from tests in different laboratories for establishing
reproducibility, in milligrams mr combined mean rolling element wear from tests in one test rig for establishing repeatability, in milligrams mw rolling element wear, in milligrams mwm mean value of rolling element wear from four tested bearings, in milligrams n test speed, in revolutions per minute SIST EN 14865-1:2010+A1:2011
EN 14865-1:2009+A1:2010 (E) 8 Rw reproducibility limits, in milligrams rw repeatability limits, in milligrams sr repeatability standard deviation, in milligrams sR reproducibility standard deviation, in milligrams t stressing duration, in hours tp testing period, in hours µR permissible variation of reproducibility, in milligram µr permissible variation of repeatability, in milligram θ test temperature, in degrees Celsius θB steady-state temperature, in degrees Celsius 5 Testing principle The testing process evaluates component wear. The two tapered roller bearings installed in the test rig as testing elements are filled with a defined amount of the grease to be tested. The bearings are axially loaded with the test load Fa and driven with the test speed n. After a short run-in period Ep, a practically constant frictional moment, called steady-state moment Mrb, is obtained for the duration of the test. The steady-state temperature θB depends on frictional energy from the bearings. The steady-state temperature can be controlled by separate heating or cooling and maintained at a specific value independent of variation of bearing friction. A bearing failure due to lubrication break-down causes a progressive increase of the frictional moment Mr to a multiple of the steady-state frictional moment. Even i
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