SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
(Main)Moderate thermal environments - Determination of the PMV and PPD indices and specification of the conditions for thermal comfort (ISO 7730:1994)
Moderate thermal environments - Determination of the PMV and PPD indices and specification of the conditions for thermal comfort (ISO 7730:1994)
The purpose of this standard is to present a method for predicting the thermal sensation and the degree of discomfort (thermal dissatisfaction) of people exposed to moderate thermal environments and to specify acceptable thermal environmental conditions for comfort. The European Standard applies to healthy men and women exposed to indoor environments where the aim is to attain thermal comfort, or indoor environments where moderate deviations from comfort occur. In extreme thermal environments other standards apply (see clause 2).
Gemäßigtes Umgebungsklima - Ermittlung des PMV und des PPD und Beschreibung der Bedingungen für thermische Behaglichkeit (ISO 7730:1994)
Ambiances thermiques modérées - Détermination des indices PMV et PPD et spécifications des conditions de confort thermique (ISO 7730:1994)
Zmerno toplotno okolje - Določevanje kazalnikov PMV in PPD in podroben opis pogojev za toplotno udobje (ISO 7730:1994)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
01-marec-2001
=PHUQRWRSORWQRRNROMH'RORþHYDQMHND]DOQLNRY309LQ33'LQSRGUREHQRSLV
SRJRMHY]DWRSORWQRXGREMH ,62
Moderate thermal environments - Determination of the PMV and PPD indices and
specification of the conditions for thermal comfort (ISO 7730:1994)
Gemäßigtes Umgebungsklima - Ermittlung des PMV und des PPD und Beschreibung der
Bedingungen für thermische Behaglichkeit (ISO 7730:1994)
Ambiances thermiques modérées - Détermination des indices PMV et PPD et
spécifications des conditions de confort thermique (ISO 7730:1994)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 7730:1995
ICS:
13.100 Varnost pri delu. Industrijska Occupational safety.
higiena Industrial hygiene
SIST EN ISO 7730:2001 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 7730
Second edition
1994-12-15
Moderate thermal environments -
Determination of the PMV and PPD indices
and specification of the conditions for
thermal comfort
Ambiances thermiques mod&kes - Dktermination des indices PM V et
PPD et spkifkations des conditions de tonfort thermique
Reference number
ISO 7730: 1994(E)
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
ISO 7730: 1994(E)
Contents
Page
1 Scope . . 1
2 Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3 Predicted mean vote (PMV) . . 1
4 Predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
............................................ ................................ 4
5 Draught rating
6 Acceptable thermal environments for comfort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Annexes
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .*.
A Metabolic rates of different activities . . 6
B Computer program for calculating predicted mean vote (PMV) and
predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. 7
C Tables for determining predicted mean vote (PMV) at 50 % relative
humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
D Recommended thermal comfort requirements
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
E Estimation of thermal insulation of clothing ensembles . . . . . . . 24
F Bibliography . . 27
0 ISO 1994
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without Permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-l 211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
0 ISO ISO 7730: 1994(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard ISO 7730 was prepared by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physi-
cal environment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition
(ISO 7730:1984), of which it constitutes a technical revision.
Annexes A, B and C form an integral patt of this International Standard.
Annexes D, E and F are for information only.
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
ISO 7730:1994(E) 0 ISO
Introduction
This International Standard is one of a series of Standards, specifying
methods of measuring and evaluating moderate and extreme thermal en-
vironments to which man is exposed.
This International Standard covers the evaluation of moderate thermal en-
vironments.
Man ’s thermal Sensation is mainly related to the thermal balance of his
body as a whole. This balance is influenced by his physical activity and
clothing, as weil as the environmental Parameters: air temperature, mean
radiant temperature, air velocity and air humidity.
When these factors have been estimated or measured, the thermal sen-
sation for the body as a whole tan be predicted by calculating the pre-
dicted mean vote (PMV) index as described in clause 3.
The predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) index provides information
on thermal discomfort or thermal dissatisfaction by predicting the per-
centage of People likely to feel too hot or too cold in a given environment.
The PPD tan be obtained from the PMV as described in clause 4.
Thermal discomfort may also be caused by an unwanted local cooling (or
heating) of the body. The most common local discomfort is draught, de-
fined as a local cooling of the body caused by air movement. Clause 5
describes how the percentage of dissatisfied due to draught tan be pre-
dicted from the model of draught rating.
Clause 6 deals with specifications on thermal environmental conditions
acceptable for comfort. Dissatisfaction may be caused by hot or cold dis-
comfort for the body as a whole. Comfort limits tan in this case be ex-
pressed by the PMV and PPD indices. But thermal dissatisfaction may also
be caused by draught and comfort Iimits may be expressed by the model
of draught rating.
Recommended comfort requirements are given separately in annex D. If
required, wider thermal comfort limits than recommended in annex D may
be established following the principles laid down in this International
Standard.
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 ISO ISO 7730: 1994(E)
Moderate thermal environments - Determination of
the PMV and PPD indices and specification of the
conditions for thermal comfort
1 Scope 2 Normative references
The following Standards contain provisions which,
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
of this International Standard. At the time of publi-
The purpose of this International Standard is
cation, the editions indicated were valid. All Standards
are subject to revision, and Parties to agreements
a) to present a method for predicting the thermal
based on this International Standard are encouraged
Sensation and the degree of discomfort (thermal
to investigate the possibility of applying the most re-
dissatisfaction) of People exposed to moderate
cent editions of the Standards indicated below.
therma,l; enuiron~ments,, asndi
Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of cur-
rently valid International Standards.
b); tol specify acceptabile thermal; enviiaonmen&tali ton-
ditiions for co~mfort.
ISO 7726:1985, Thermal environments - Instru-
men ts and methods for measuring ph ysical
The International Standard applies to healthy men and
quan tities.
women. lt was originally based on studies of North
American and European subjects but agrees also well ISO 8996:1990, Ergonomics - Determination of
with recent studies of Japanese subjects exposed to metabolic heat production.
moderate thermal environments. lt is expected to ap-
ply with good approximation in most Parts of the ISO 9920:~ ‘1, Ergonomics of the thermal environ-
world, but ethnic and national-geographic deviations ment - Estimation of the thermal insulation and
may occur and require further studies. lt applies to evaporative resistance of a clothing ensemble.
People exposed to indoor environments where the
aim is to attain thermal comfort, or indoor environ-
ments where moderate deviations from comfort oc-
3 Predicted mean vote (PMV)
cur. In extreme thermal environments other
International Standards apply (see clause 2 and
annex F). Deviations may occur for sick and disabled
3.1 Determination
People. This International Standard may be used in the
design of new environments or in assessing existing
The PMV is an index that predicts the mean value of
ones. lt has been prepared for working environments
the votes of a large group of persons on the following
but tan be applied to any kind of environment.
7-Point thermal Sensation scale:
1) To be published.
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
0 ISO
ISO 7730: 1994(E)
/
hot var
+3 2,38(t,, - ta)Otz5 for 2,38(t,, - ta)oj25 > l2,l
J--
h, = 4
warm
+2
12,lJG for 2,38(t,, - ta)0125 < 12,l ,/T
slightly warm
+l
\
0 neutral
1,OO + 1 ,2901c, for &, < 0,078 m2moC/W
f Cl =
-1 slightly cool
1,05 + 0,6451,, for Ic, > 0,078 m** “C/W
-
2 cool
where
-
cold
3
PMV is the predicted mean vote;
The PMV index tan be determined when the activity
(metabolic rate) and the clothing (thermal resistance)
M is the metabolic rate, in Watts per Square
are estimated, and the following environmental pa-
metre of body surface area*);
rameters are measured: air temperature, mean radiant
W is the extemal work, in Watts per Square
temperature, relative air velocity and partial water va-
metre, equal to zero for most activities;
pour pressure (see ISO 7726).
I is the thermal resistance of clothing, in
Cl
The PMV index is based on heat balance of the hu-
Square metres degree Celsius per watt3);
man body. Man is in thermal balance when the
internal heat production in the body is equal to the
is the ratio of man ’s surface area while
f Cl
loss of heat to the environment.
clothed, to man ’s surface area while nude;
In a moderate environment, man ’s thermoregulatory
is the air temperature, in degrees Celsius;
ta
System will automatically try to modify the skin tem-
is the mean radiant temperature, in de-
perature and the sweat secretion to maintain heat
t,
grees Celsius;
balance. In the PMV index the physiological response
of the thermoregulatory System has been related sta-
is the relative air velocity (relative to the
var
tistically to thermal Sensation votes collected from
human body), in metres per second;
more than 1 300 subjects.
is the partial water vapour pressure, in
Pa
The PMV is given by the equation:
Pascals;
PMV = (0,303 e- oJo36 M + 0,028) ((M - W) - 3,05
is the convective heat transfer coefficient,
hC
in Watts per Square metre degree Celsius;
x 1o-3 x [5 733 - 6,99(M - W) -pa] - 0,42
t is the surface temperature of clothing, in
Cl
x [(M-W) - 58,151 - 1,7
degrees Celsius.
x 10-5M(5 867-p,)
From equation (1) the PMV tan be calculated for dif-
ferent combinations of metabolic rate, clothing, air
- 0,001 4M(34 - ta) - 3,96 x IO-8f,,
temperature, mean radiant temperature, air velocity
and air humidity. The equations for tc, and h, may be
x (t,, + 273)4
- (t, + 2q4] - fclhc Pc, - ta)
[
solved by iteration.
. . .
(1
The PMV index is derived for steady-state conditions
but tan be applied with good approximation during
where
minor fluctuations of one or more of the variables,
t = 35,7 - O,O28(M - W) - 1,,(3,96 x IO-8f,,
Cl provided that time-weighted averages of the variables
during the previous 1 h period are applied.
x (t,, + 273)4
- 6 + w4] + f,,fk(t,, - 43) )
[
lt is recommended to use the PMV index only for
values of PMV between - 2 and + 2. Furthermore, it
is recommended to use the PMV index when the six
main Parameters are inside the following intervals:
2) 1 metabolic unit = 1 met = 58,2 W/m*
3) 1 clothing unit = 1 clo = 0,155 m*- “C/W
2
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
0 ISO
ISO 7730: 1994(E)
The PMV values given in annex C apply for a relative
M = 46 W/m* to 232 W/m* (0,8 met to 4 met)
humidity of 50 %. The influence of humidity on thermal
Sensation is small at moderate temperatures close to
I c, = 0 m200C/W to 0,310 m200C/W (0 clo to 2 clo)
comfort and may usually be neglected when determin-
ing the PMV value.
ta = 10 “Cto 30 "C
By direct measurement, using an integrating sen-
c)
t, = 10 “Cto 40 "C
v,, = 0 m/s to 1 m/s
3.2 Applications
NOTE 1 During light, mainly sedentary activity, a
mean velocity inside this range may be felt as a draught. The PMV index tan be used to check whether a given
To Iimit the draught, the mean velocity should be lower
thermal environment camplies with the comfort cri-
than specified in figure D.2.
teria given in clause 6 and annex D.
pa = 0 Pa to 2 700 Pa
The PMV index may also be used to establish wider
limits for acceptability in spaces with comfort re-
NOTE 2 Inside this range it is furthermore rec-
quirements lower than those given in clause 6 and
ommended that the relative humidity be kept between
annex D.
30 % and 70 % (see annex D).
By setting PMV = 0, an equation is established which
The metabolic rate tan be estimated using tableA.l
predicts combinations of activity, clothing and en-
and the thermal resistance of clothing tan be esti-
vironmental Parameters which will provide a thermally
mated using tables E.l and E.2, taking into account
neutral Sensation.
the type of work and the time of year. For varying
As an example, figure D-1 Shows the optimal oper-
metabolic rates, it is recommended to estimate a
ative temperature as a function of activity and cloth-
time-weighted average during the previous 1 h period.
Ing.
The PMV may then be determined in one of the fol-
lowing ways:
4 Predicted percentage of dissatisfied
NW
a) from equation (1) using a Computer. A BASIC
program is given in annex B;
The PMV index predicts the mean value of the ther-
mal votes of a large group of People exposed to the
b) directly from annex C, where tables of PMV val-
same environment. But individual votes are scattered
ues are given for different combinations of ac-
around this mean value and it is useful to predict the
tivity, clothing, operative temperature and relative
number of People likely to feel uncomfortably warm
velocity.
or cool.
NOTE 3 The operative temperature t0 is the uniform
The PPD index establishes a quantitative prediction
temperature of a radiantly black enclosure in which an
of the number of thermally dissatisfied People.
occupant would exchange the same amount of heat by
radiation plus convection as in the actual non-uniform
The PPD predicts the percentage of a large group of
environment. In most practical cases where the relative
People likely to feel too warm or cool, i.e. voting hot
velocity is small ( < 0,2 m/s), or where the differente
(+ 3), warm (+ 2) cool (- 2) or cold (- 3) on the
between mean radiant and air temperature is small
7-Point thermal Sensation scale.
( < 4 “C), the operative temperature tan be calculated
with sufficient approximation as the mean value of air
When the PMV value has been determined, the PPD
and mean radiant temperature. For higher precision the
tan be found from figure 1, or determined from the
following formula may be used:
equation
= At, + (1 -A)t,
tcl
PPD = 1 o. _ g5 x e- (0,033 53 x PMV4 + 0,217 9 x PMV ’)
where the value of A tan be found from the values be-
The PPD-index predicts the number of thermally dis-
low as a function of the relative air velocity, var, in me-
tres per second: satisfied persons among a large group of People.
The rest of the group will feel thermally neutral,
V < 0,2 0,2 to 0,6 0,6 to 1,O
ar
slightly warm, or slightly cool. The predicted distri-
A
0,5 Ot6 0,7
bution of votes is given in table 1.
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
ISO 7730:1994(E)
80
in
.-
- 40
z
ü 30
ö
i!k
Cu
20
c
0
k
h
f 10
l FJ 0
a
6
5
4
2,0
-20 -I 15 - 10 4 -05 t 0 0,s l,o 1,s
I
Predicted mean vote
- Predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) as a function of predicted mean vote (PMV)
Figure 1
Table 1 - Distribution of individual thermal Sensation votes (based
on experiments involving 1 300 subjects) for different values of mean
vote
Percentage of persons predicted to vote
1 1
PMV PPD
0 - 1, 0 or + 1 - 2, - 1, 0, + 1 or + 2
r
+2 75 5 25 70
25 27 75 95
+1
0 5 55 95 100
-1 25 27 75 95
-2 75 5 25 70
is the local air temperature, in degrees
5 Draught rating ta
Celsius;
V is the local mean air velocity, in metres per
Draught is an unwanted local rating cooling of the
second;
body caused by air movement. The draught rating
TU is the local turbulente intensity, in per
may be expressed as the percentage of People pre-
cent, defined as the ratio of the Standard
dicted to be bothered by draught. The draught rating
deviation of the local air velocity to the lo-
(DR) may be calculated by the following equation
cal mean air velocity.
(model of dr aught rating):
DR = (34 - ta) (v - 0,05) “~62(0,37=v~Tu + 3,14)
The model of draught rating is based on studies
comprising 150 subjects exposed to air temperatures
where of 20 “C to 26 “C, mean air velocities of 0,05 m/s to
0,4 m/s and turbulente intensities of 0 % to 70 %.
DR is the draught rating, i.e. the percentage
The model applies to People at light, mainly sedentary
of People dissatisfied due to draught;
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
0 ISO
ISO 7730: 1994(E)
activity, with a thermal Sensation for the whole body comfort may also be caused by too high a metabolic
close to neutral. The Sensation of draught is lower at rate, or by heavy clothing.
activities higher than sedentary and for People feeling
Due to individual differentes, it is impossible to
warmer than neutral.
specify a thermal environment that will satisfy every-
body. There will always be a percentage of dissatis-
6 Acceptable thermal environments for
fied occupants. But it is possible to specify
comfort
environments predicted to be acceptable by a certain
percentage of the occupants. Comfort requirements
Thermal comfort is defined as that condition of mind
are recommended in annex D, predicting an accept-
which expresses satisfaction with the thermal en-
able thermal Sensation for 90 % of the occupants and
vironment. Dissatisfaction may be caused by warm
predicting that 85 % of the occupants will not be
or cool discomfort of the body as a whole as ex-
bothered by draught.
pressed by the PMV and PPD indices. But thermal
In some cases a higher thermal quality than men-
dissatisfaction may also be caused by an unwanted
cooling (or heating) of one particular patt of the body, tioned above (fewer dissatisfied) may be desired. In
for example draught as expressed by the model of other cases a lower quality (more dissatisfied) may be
draught rating. Local discomfort may also be caused sufficient. In both cases the PMV and PPD indices and
by an abnormally high vertical temperature differente the model of draught rating may be used to determine
between head and ankles, by too warm or cool a floor other ranges of environmental Parameters than rec-
or by too high a radiant temperature asymmetry. Dis- ommended in annex D.
5
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
ISO 7730: 1994(E)
Annex A
(normative)
Metabolic rates of different activities
Further information on metabolic rates is given in ISO 8996.
Table A.l - Metabolic rates
Metabolic rates
Activity
W/m* met
Reclining 46 03
58
Seated, relaxed lt0
70
Sedentary activity (Office, dwelling, school, laboratory) 12
93
Standing, light activity (shopping, laboratory, light industry) 15
Standing, medium activity (shop assistant, domestic work,
116 zo
machine work)
Walking on the level:
2 km/h 110 Jr9
3 km/h 140 2,4
4 km/h 165 23
5 km/h 200 3,4
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
0 ISO
ISO 7730: 1994(E)
Annex B
(normative)
Computer program for calculating predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted
percentage of dissatisfied (PPD)
The following BASIC program computes the PMV and the PPD for a given set of input variables:
Variables Symbols in program
Clothing, clo
CL0
Metabolic rate, met
MET
External work, met WME
Air temperature, “C
TA
Mean radiant temperature, “C TR
Relative air velocity, m/s VEL
Relative humidity, % RH
Partial water vapour pressure, Pa PA
7
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
ISO 7730:1994[E)
10 Computer program (BASIC) for calculation of
20 'Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD)
'in accordance with ISO 7730
30
PRINT "DATA ENTRY" . l 'data entry
40 CLS:
Clothing
50 INPUT (dO)"; CL0
1'
Metabolic rate
60 INPUT (met)"; MET
'1
70 INPUT Extemal work, normally around 0 (met)"; WME
'1
80 INPUT Air temperature ( C )"; TA
'1
90 INPUT Mean radiant temperature ( C )"; TR
1'
100 Relative air velocity (m/s)"; VEL
INPUT
'1
ENTER EITHER RH OR WATER VAPOUR PRESSURE BUT NOT BOTH"
110 PRINT
II
( % )"; RH
120 INPUT Relative humidity
'1
130 INPUT Water vapour pressure ( Pa)"; PA
140 DEF FNPS (T) = EXP (16.6536-4030.183/(T+235)) : 'saturated vapour pressure, kPa
.
150 IF PA=0 THEN PA=RH*lO*FNPS (TA) 'water vapour pressure, Pa
.
ICL = .155 * CL0 . 'thermal insulation of the clothing in m2K/W
160
.
= MET * 58.15 . 'metabolic rate in W/m2
170 M
.
=WME * 58.15 . 'extemal work in W/m2
180 W
.
'internal heat production in the human body
190 MS47 =M-W
200 IF'ICL < . 078 THEN FCL = 1'+ 1.29 * ICL ELSE FCL=1.05 + .645*ICL
.
205 . 'clothing area factor
.
210 HCF=12.1*SQR (VEL) . 'heat transf. coeff. by forced convection
.
220 TAA = TA + 273 . 'air temperature in Kelvin
.
TRA = TR + 273 'mean radiant temperature in Kelvin
230
1
_----m----m
CALCULATE SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF CLOTHING BY ITERATION----------------
240
= TAA + (35.5TA) / (3.5*(6.45*ICL+.l))
250 TCLA
'first guess for surface temperature of clothing
255
l 'calculation term
260 Pl = ICL * FCL .
270 P2 = Pl * 3.96 l . 'calculation term
P3 = Pl * 100 l . 'calculation term
280
= P1 * TAA . l 'calculation term
290 P4
= 308.7 - .028 * MW + P2 * (TRA/~OO)A 4 :'calculation term
300 P5
310 XN = TCLA / 100
320 XF = XN
330 N=O -IN: . number of iterations
EPS = -00015 *'stop . criteria in iteration
340
XF=(XF+XN)/2
350
by natura1 convection
355 'heat transf. coeff.
360 HCN=238*ABS(1OO*XF-TAA)r\.25
370 IF HCF>HCN THEN HC=HCF ELSE HC=HCN
380 XN=(P5+P4*HC-P~*XFA~) / (100+P3*HC)
N=N+ 1
390
IF N > 150 THEN GOTO 550
400
410 IF ABS(XN-XF)>EPS GOTO 350
420 TCL=lOO*XN-273 -'surface temperature of the clothing
1 --------_--a-m
_------------- HEAT'LOSS COMPONENTS---------------------------------
430
'heat loss diff. through skin
435
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
0 ISO
ISO 7730:1994(E)
440 HL1 = 3.05*.001*(5733-6.99*MW-PA)
445 'heat loss by sweating (comfort)
450 IF M-W > 58.15 THEN HL2 = .42 * (MW-58.15)
ELSE HL2 = O!
455 'latent respiration heat loss
460 HL3 = 1.7 * .OOOOl * M * (5867~PA)
465 'dry respiration heat loss
470 HL4 = .0014 * M * (34-TA)
475 'heat loss by radiation
480 HL5=396*FCL* (XN 4-(TRA/100) 4)
485 'heat loss by convection
= FCL * HC *
490 HL6 (TCL-TA)
500 '------------------------------CALCULATE Pm AND PPD-----------------------------
505 'thermal Sensation tran coeff
510 TS = .303 * EXP(-.036*M) + .028
'predicted mean vote
515
(MW-HLl-HL2-HL3-HL4-HL5-HL6)
520 PM-V = TS *
'predicted percentage dissat.
525
530 PPD=lOO-95*EXP(-. 03353*pMV 4--.2179*pMV 2)
540 GOTO 570
550 PMV=999999!
560 PPD=lOO
570 PRINT:PRINT"OUTPUT"
-'output .
Predicted Mean Vote
580 PRINT " (PMV): "
;:PRINT USING "##.#"; PMV
590 PRINT " Predicted Percent of Dissatisfied (PPD): "
;:PRINT USING "###.#"; PPD
600 PRINT: INPUT "NEXT RUN
(VW " ; R$
610 IF (R$= "Y" OR R$="y") THEN RUN
620 END
EXAMPLE
DATA ENTRY
Clothing (clo)? 1.0
Metabolic rate (met ? 1.2
Extemal work, normally around 0
(met ? 0
Air temperature
( c ? 19.0
Mean radiant temperature
? 18.0
( c
Relative air velocity ? 0.1
h/s
ENTER EITHER RH OR WATER VAPOUR PRESSURE HUT NOT BOTH
Relative humidity ? 40
( %
Water vapour pressure ?
( Pa
OUTPUT
Predicted Mean Vote
(Pm
Predicted Percent of Dissatisfied (PPD
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
ISO 7730:1994(E)
(Blank Page)
10
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
ISO 7730: 1994(E)
Annex C
(normative)
Tables for determining predicted mean vote (PMV) at 50 % relative humidity
11
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
ISO 7730: 1994E)
C.l Activity Ievel = 46,4 W/m* (0,8 met)
T
Clothing
Relative air velocity
Operative
mls
temperature
T
Cl0 m**"C/W “C < OJO
0,lO 0,15 0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50
0 0 27 - 2,55 - 2,55
28 - 1,74 - 1,76 - 2,23 - 2,62
29 - 0,93
- 1,02 - 1,42 - 1,75
30 - 0,14 - 0,28 - 0,60
- 0,88
31 0,63 0,46 0,21 0,Ol
32 1,39 1,21
1,04 0,89
33 2,12 1,97 1,87 1,78
34 2,73 2,71 2,68
0,25 0,039 26 - 1,92 - 1,94 - 2,29 - 2,57
27 - 1,30 - 1,36
- 1,67 - 1,92 - 2,31 - 2,62
28 - 0,69 - 0,78 - 1,05
- 1,26 - 1,60 - 1,87 - 2,lO - 2,89
29 - 0,08 - 0,20 - 0,42 - 0,60 - 0,89 - IJ2 - 1,31
- 1 ‘97
30 0,53 0,39 0,21 0,06 - 0,17 - 0,36 - 0,51 - 1,05
IJ2
31 0,99 0,84 0,73 0,55 0,41 0,29 - 0,13
32 1,71 1,58 1,49 1,41
1,28 1,18 1,09 0,80
33 2,29 2,19 2,13 2,08 2,Ol 1,95 1,90
1,73
0,50 0,078 25 - 1,54 - 1,59 - 1,84 - 2,04 - 2,34 - 2,57
26 - 1,04 - 1,12 - 1,34 - 1,51 - l,78 - 1,98 - 2,15
27
- 0,55 - 0,64 - 0,83 - 0,98 - 1,22 - 1,40 - 1,54 - 2,03
28 - 0,05 - 0,15 - 0,32 - 0,45
- 0,65 - 0,81 - 0,93 - 1,35
29 0,45 0,34 0,20 0,09 - 0,09 - 0,22 - 0,32 - 0,67
30 0,94 0,83 0,72 0,63 0,49 0,38 0,29 0,Ol
31 1,44 1,33 1,24 1,17
1,06 0,98 0,91 0,69
32 1,92 1,83 1,76 1,71 1,64 1,58 1,54 1,38
0,75 0,116 24 1,26 - 1,31 - 1,51 - 1,65 - 1,87 - 2,03 - 2,17
25 - 0,84 - 0,91 - 1,08 - 1,21 - 1,41 - 1,56 - 1,67 - 2,05
26 - 0,42 - 0,51 - 0,66
- 0,77 - 0,95 - 1,08 - 1,18 - 1,52
27 - 0,Ol - 0,lO - 0,23 - 0,33
- 0,49 - 0,60 - 0,69 - 0,98
28 0,41 0,32 0,20 0,ll - 0,02 - 0,12 - 0,19 - 0,45
29 0,83 0,73 0,63 0,56 0,45 0,37 0,30 0,09
30 1,25 1,15 1,07 1,Ol
0,93 0,86 0,81 0,63
31 1,66 l,57 1,51 1,47 1,40 1,35 1,31 IJ8
l,oo 0,155 23 - 1,06 - IJ2 - 1,28 - 1,39 - 1,56 - 1,68 - 1,78 - 2,08
24 - 0,71 - 0,77 - 0,91 - 1,02 - 1,17 - 1,28 - 1,37
- 1,65
25 - 0,35 - 0,42 - 0,54 - 0,64 - 0,78 - 0,88 - 0,96 - 1,21
26 0,Ol
- 0,06 - O,l7 - 0,26 - 0,38 - 0,47 - 0,55 - 0,76
27 0,37 0,29 0,20 0,12
0,Ol - 0,06 - 0,13 - 0,32
28 0,74 0,66 0,57 0,51 0,41 0,35 0,30 0,13
29 1,lO 1,02 0,95 0,90 0,82 0,76 0,72 0,58
30 1,46 1,39
1,33 1,29 1,22 IJ8 1,14 1,03
1,50 0,233 18 - 1,67 - 1,70
- 1,84 - 1,93 - 2,07 - 2,17 - 2,25 - 2,49
20 - 1,ll - 1,16
- 1,27 - 1,36 - 1,48 - 1,57 - 1,63 - 1,84
22 - 0,55 - 0,60 - 0,70 - 0,77 - 0,88 - 0,95 - 1,Ol
- IJ8
24 0,02
- 0,04 - 0,12 - 0,18 - 0,27 - 0,33 - 0,38 - 0,52
26 0,60
0,53 0,46 0,42 0,35 0,30 0,26 0,15
28 1,17 IJ1 1,06 1,02
0,97 0,94 0,91 0,82
30 1,76 1,70 l,67 1,64 1,61 1,58 1,57 1,51
32
2,34 2,30 2,28 2,27 2,26 2,24 2,23 2,20
0,310 14
2,00 - 1,84 - 1,87 - 1,98 - 2,06 - 2,18 - 2,26 - 2,32 - 2,49
16 - 1,39
- 1,43 - 1,52 - 1,59 - 1,69 - 1,77 - 1,82 - 1,98
18 - 0,93 - 0,97 - 1,06 - 1,12
- 1,21 - 1,27 - 1,32 - 1,46
20 - 0,46 - 0,52 - 0,59 - 0,64 - 0,72 - 0,77
- 0,82 - 0,94
22
0,Ol - 0,05 - 0,ll - 0,15 - 0,22 - 0,27 - 0,30 - 0,41
24 0,48 0,43
0,38 0,34 0,28 0,24 0,22 0,13
26 0,97 0,91 0,87 0,84
0,80 0,76 0,74 0,67
28 1,45 1,40 1,37 1,35 1,32
1,29 1,27 1,23
12
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SIST EN ISO 7730:2001
0 ISO
ISO 7730:1994(E)
C.2 Activity level = 58 W/m* (1 met)
Clothing Relative air velocity
Operative
Ws
temperature
m**"C/W 0,20 0,30
“C 0,lO 0,15
26 - 1,62 - 1,62 - 1,96 - 2,34
27 - l,oo - 1,oo - 1,36 - 1,69
- 0,42
28 - 0,39 - 0,76 - 1,05
0,13
29 0,21 - 0,15 - 0,39
30 0,80 0,68 0,45 0,26
31 1,39 1,25 1,08 0,94
32 1,96 1,83 1,7l 1,61
33 2,50 2,41 2,34 2,29
24 - 1,52 - 1,52 - 1,80 - 2,06 - 2,47
0,25
25 - 1,05 - 1,05 - 1,33 - 1,57 - 1,94 - 2,24 - 2,48
- 1,89
26 - 0,58 - 0,61 - 0,87 - 1,08 - 1,41 - 1,67 - 2,66
- 1,29
27 - 0,12 - 0,17 - 0,40 - 0,58 - 0,87 - 1,lO - 1,97
28 0,34 0,27 0,07 - 0,09 - 0,34 - 0,53 - 0,70 - 1,28
29 0,80 0,71 0,54 0,41 0,20 0,04 - 0,lO - 0,58
30 l,25 1,15 1,02 0,91 0,74 0,61 0,50 0,ll
31 1,71 1,61 1,51 1,43 1,30 1,20 1,12 0,83
23 - 1,lO - 1,lO - 1,33 - 1,78 - 1,99 - 2,16
0,078
24 - 0,72 - 0,74 - 0,95 - 1,36 - 1,55 - 1,70
25 - 0,34 - 0,38 - 0,56 - 0,94 - 1,ll - 1,25
26
0,04 - O,O? - 0,18 - 0,51 - 0,66 - 0,79
27 0,42 0,35 0,20 - 0,08 - 0,22 - 0,33
28 0,80 0,72 0,59 0,34
...
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