SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020

High Temperature secondary Batteries - Part 3: Sodium-based Batteries - Performance requirements and tests

This part of IEC 62984 specifies performance requirements and test procedures for
hightemperature
batteries based on sodium for mobile and/or stationary use and whose rated
voltage does not exceed 1 500 V.
Sodium based batteries include sodium-sulphur batteries and sodium-nickel chloride batteries;
both are high-temperature batteries and use a solid, sodium conducting electrolyte. Additional
information on sodiumbased
batteries technology, their chemistries and construction are given
in Annex B.
This document does not cover aircraft batteries, covered by IEC 60952 (all parts), and batteries
for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, covered by IEC 61982 (all parts).
NOTE High-temperature batteries are electrochemical systems whose cells' internal minimum operating
temperature is above 100 °C.

Hochtemperatur-Sekundärbatterien – Teil 3: Natrium-basierte Batterien – Leistungsanforderungen und Prüfungen

Batteries d'accumulateur à haute temperature - Partie 3: Prescriptions de performance et essais

L'IEC 62984-3:2020 spécifie les exigences relatives aux qualités de fonctionnement et les procédures d’essai relatives aux batteries au sodium à haute température pour usage mobile et/ou fixe et dont la tension assignée ne dépasse pas 1 500 V.
Les batteries au sodium comprennent les batteries sodium-soufre et les batteries sodium chlorure de nickel; les deux types de batteries sont des batteries à haute température et utilisent un électrolyte conducteur solide au sodium. L’Annexe B donne des informations complémentaires sur la technologie des batteries au sodium, leurs caractéristiques chimiques et leur construction.
Le présent document ne couvre pas les batteries d’aéronefs, couvertes par la série IEC 60952 (toutes les parties), et les batteries pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers électriques, couvertes par l’IEC 61982 (toutes les parties).

Visokotemperaturne sekundarne baterije - 3. del: Natrijeve baterije - Zahtevane lastnosti in preskusi

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 13-Sep-2020
• ICS: 29.220.20 - Acid secondary cells and batteries
• Technical Committee: ISCB - Secondary cells and batteries
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 10-Aug-2020
• Due Date: 15-Oct-2020
• Completion Date: 14-Sep-2020
• Ref Project: EN IEC 62984-3:2020 - High-temperature secondary batteries - Part 3: Sodium-based batteries - Performance requirements and tests

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020
01-november-2020
Visokotemperaturne sekundarne baterije - 3. del: Natrijeve baterije - Zahtevane
lastnosti in preskusi
High Temperature secondary Batteries - Part 3: Sodium-based Batteries - Performance
requirements and tests
Batteries d'accumulateur à haute temperature - Partie 3: Prescriptions de performance et
essais
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62984-3:2020
ICS:
29.220.20 Kislinski sekundarni členi in Acid secondary cells and
baterije batteries
SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020

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SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020


EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62984-3

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2020
ICS 29.220.20

English Version
High-temperature secondary batteries - Part 3: Sodium-based
batteries - Performance requirements and tests
(IEC 62984-3:2020)
Batteries d'accumulateurs à haute température - Partie 3: Hochtemperatur-Sekundärbatterien - Teil 3: Natrium-
Batteries au sodium - Exigences et essais relatifs aux basierte Batterien - Leistungsanforderungen und Prüfungen
qualités de fonctionnement (IEC 62984-3:2020)
(IEC 62984-3:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2020-05-21. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.


European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
 Ref. No. EN IEC 62984-3:2020 E

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SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020
EN IEC 62984-3:2020 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 21/1040/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62984-3, prepared by IEC/TC 21
"Secondary cells and batteries" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN IEC 62984-3:2020.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2021-02-21
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2023-05-21
document have to be withdrawn

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62984-3:2020 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60952 (series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60952 (series)
IEC 61982 (series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 61982 (series)
IEC 62485-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 62485-2


2

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SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020
EN IEC 62984-3:2020 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1  Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2  Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 62902 - Secondary cells and batteries - Marking EN IEC 62902 -
symbols for identification of their chemistry
IEC 62984-1 2020 High-temperature secondary batteries - Part 1: EN IEC 62984-1 2020
General requirements
IEC 62984-2 2020 High-temperature secondary batteries - Part 2: EN IEC 62984-2 2020
Safety requirements and tests

3

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SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020




IEC 62984-3

®


Edition 1.0 2020-04




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE
colour

inside










High-temperature secondary batteries –

Part 3: Sodium-based batteries – Performance requirements and tests




Batteries d’accumulateurs à haute température –

Partie 3: Batteries au sodium – Exigences et essais relatifs aux qualités de

fonctionnement















INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 29.220.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-8129-1




Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 6
3.1 Battery construction . 6
3.2 Battery functionality . 7
3.3 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 8
4 Environmental (service) conditions . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Normal service conditions for stationary installations . 9
4.3 Special service conditions for stationary installations . 9
4.4 Normal service conditions for mobile installations (except propulsion). 9
4.5 Special service conditions for mobile installations (except propulsion) . 9
5 Performance requirements. 10
5.1 Electrical requirements . 10
5.1.1 Nominal voltage . 10
5.1.2 Discharge rate . 10
5.1.3 Charge rate . 11
5.1.4 Rated battery energy (W ) . 12
r
5.1.5 Battery auxiliary energy consumption . 12
5.1.6 Energy efficiency (η) . 12
5.1.7 Long term endurance (LTE) . 13
5.2 Thermal requirements . 13
5.2.1 General . 13
5.2.2 Warm-up . 13
5.2.3 Cool-down . 14
5.2.4 Standby mode . 14
5.2.5 Idle . 14
5.2.6 Freeze-thaw . 14
6 Performance test . 14
6.1 General . 14
6.1.1 Classification of tests . 14
6.1.2 Test object selection . 14
6.1.3 DUT initial conditions before tests . 15
6.1.4 Measuring equipment . 15
6.2 List of tests . 15
6.3 Type tests . 16
6.3.1 Battery auxiliary energy consumption test . 16
6.3.2 Energy efficiency test . 17
6.3.3 Long term endurance test . 17
6.3.4 Maximum continuous discharge rate test . 18
6.3.5 Maximum transient discharge rate test . 19
6.3.6 Boost charge rate test . 19
6.4 Routine tests. 20
6.4.1 Capacity / energy content combined test . 20
6.5 Special tests . 21

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6.5.1 Freeze-thaw cycle test . 21
7 Markings. 22
7.1 General . 22
7.2 Data plate marking . 22
8 Rules for transportation, installation and maintenance . 23
8.1 Transportation . 23
8.2 Installation . 24
8.3 Maintenance . 24
9 Documentation . 24
9.1 Instruction manual . 24
9.2 Test report . 24
(informative) Standard template for report of test results and description of
the DUT – Report of type test . 25
A.1 Example 1 . 25
A.2 Example 2 . 27
(informative) Description of the technologies . 30
B.1 Sodium-sulphur battery . 30
B.1.1 Principle and features of sodium-sulphur batteries . 30
B.1.2 Structure of the sodium-sulphur battery . 30
B.2 Sodium-nickel battery . 32
B.2.1 Principle and features of the sodium-nickel cell . 32
B.2.2 Structure of sodium-nickel cell . 33
B.2.3 Battery design . 33
Bibliography . 34

Figure 1 – Transient discharge test . 19
Figure 2 – Example of capacity test . 21
Figure 3 – Markings for sodium-based batteries . 23
Figure 4 – Example of data plate . 23
Figure B.1 – Principle of the sodium-sulphur battery . 30
Figure B.2 – Cell structure . 31
Figure B.3 – Module structure . 31
Figure B.4 – Battery structure . 32
Figure B.5 – Overall cell reaction . 32
Figure B.6 – Schematic diagram of a sodium-nickel cell . 33

Table 1 – List of symbols and abbreviated terms . 9
Table 2 – Preferred values of battery nominal voltages . 10
Table 3 – Maximum allowed energy content loss after the test . 13
Table 4 – List of tests . 16

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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

HIGH-TEMPERATURE SECONDARY BATTERIES –

Part 3: Sodium-based batteries –
Performance requirements and tests

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62984-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 21:
Secondary cells and batteries.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
21/1040/FDIS 21/1048/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
This document is to be read in conjunction with IEC 62984-1:2020.

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SIST EN IEC 62984-3:2020
IEC 62984-3:2020 © IEC:2020 – 5 –
A list of all parts in the IEC 62984 series, published under the general title High­temperature
secondary batteries, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

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HIGH-TEMPERATURE SECONDARY BATTERIES –

Part 3: Sodium-based batteries –
Performance requirements and tests



1 Scope
This part of IEC 62984 specifies performance requirements and test procedures for
high-temperature batteries based on sodium for mobile and/or stationary use and whose rated
voltage does not exceed 1 500 V.
Sodium based batteries include sodium-sulphur batteries and sodium-nickel chloride batteries;
both are high-temperature batteries and use a solid, sodium conducting electrolyte. Additional
information on sodium-based batteries technology, their chemistries and construction are given
in Annex B.
This document does not cover aircraft batteries, covered by IEC 60952 (all parts), and batteries
for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, covered by IEC 61982 (all parts).
NOTE High-temperature batteries are electrochemical systems whose cells' internal minimum operating
temperature is above 100 °C.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 62902, Secondary cells and batteries – Marking symbols for identification of their chemistry
IEC 62984-1:2020, High­temperature secondary batteries – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 62984-2:2020, High­temperature secondary batteries – Part 2: Safety requirements and
tests
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 62984-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 Battery construction
Refer to IEC 62984-1:2020, 3.1.

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3.2 Battery functionality
The definitions of IEC 62984-1:2020, 3.2 and the following apply:
3.2.16
residual capacity
capacity remaining in a cell or battery following a discharge, operation or storage under specific
test conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-16]
3.2.17
discharge voltage
U
d
closed circuit voltage
DEPRECATED: on load voltage
voltage between the terminals of a cell or battery when being
discharged
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-28, modified – Added symbol, "closed circuit voltage"
changed to an admitted term, and term entry updated editorially.]
3.2.18
end-of-discharge voltage
final voltage
cut-off voltage
end-point voltage
specified voltage of a battery at which the battery discharge is terminated
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-30, modified – Synonyms given as admitted terms,
and term entry updated editorially.]
3.2.19
open-circuit voltage
voltage of a cell or battery when the discharge current is zero
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-32, modified – Updated editorially.]
3.2.20
battery endurance
numerically defined performance of a battery during a given test simulating specified conditions
of service
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-44]
3.2.21
cycling
set of operations that is carried out on a secondary cell or battery and is
repeated regularly in the same sequence
Note 1 to entry: In a secondary battery these operations may consist of a sequence of a discharge followed by a
charge or a charge followed by a discharge under specified conditions. This sequence may include rest periods.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-28, modified – Updated editorially.]

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3.2.22
boost charge
accelerated charge applied at greater than normal values of electric currents or of voltages (for
a particular design) during a short time interval
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-37]
3.2.23
constant current charge
charge during which the electric current is maintained at a constant value regardless of the
battery voltage or temperature
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-38]
3.2.24
two step charge
charging method applied to a secondary battery using two levels of charge rate with feedback
control to initiate the changeover from a high to a low charge rate
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-48]
3.2.25
constant voltage charge
charge during which the voltage is maintained at a constant value regardless of charge current
or temperature
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-49]
3.2.26
energy efficiency
η
ratio of the electric energy provided from a secondary battery during discharge to the electric
energy supplied to the battery during the preceding charge
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-53, modified – The symbol has been added.]
3.2.27
warm-up
process of activation of the cells inside a high-temperature battery by the application of heat
from the ambient temperature up to their operating temperature
3.2.28
cool-down
process of inactivation of the cells inside a high-temperature battery due to their decrease of
temperature from the operating range down to a value where all the active material is inactivated
3.2.29
freeze-thaw cycle
cycle composed of a warm-up and a subsequent cool-down of a high-temperature battery
3.3 Symbols and abbreviated terms
The list of symbols and abbreviated terms, including some of those already defined in
IEC 62984-1:2020, is given in Table 1.

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Table 1 – List of symbols and abbreviated terms
Symbol /
abbreviated Full term Reference
term
BMS Battery management system See IEC 62984-1:2020, 3.1.19
BSS Battery support system See IEC 62984-1:2020, 3.1.20
C
Rated capacity See IEC 62984-1:2020, 3.2.2
r
DUT Device under test
I
Nominal discharge rate
dn
I
Maximum continuous discharge rate
dMAX
I
Maximum transient discharge rate
dTR
I
Charge rate See IEC 62984-1:2020, 3.2.12
t
I
Nominal charge rate
tn
LTE Long term endurance
PCS Power conversion system
SOC State of charge See IEC 62984-1:2020, 3.2.13
U
Discharge voltage See 3.2.17
d
U
Nominal voltage See 3.2.8
n
W
Rated battery energy
r
η Energy efficiency See 3.2.26

4 Environmental (service) conditions
4.1 General
Refer to IEC 62984-1:2020, 4.1.
4.2 Normal service conditions for stationary installations
Refer to IEC 62984-1:2020, 4.2.
4.3 Special service conditions for stationary installations
Refer to IEC 62984-1:2020, 4.3.
4.4 Normal service conditions for mobile installations (except propulsion)
Refer to IEC 62984-1:2020, 4.4.
4.5 Special service conditions for mobile installations (except propulsion)
Refer to IEC 62984-1:2020, 4.5.

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5 Performance requirements
5.1 Electrical requirements
5.1.1 Nominal voltage
The preferred values of nominal voltages of high-temperature sodium-based batteries are given
in Table 2.
Table 2 – Preferred values of battery nominal voltages
Voltages in Volts DC
Electrochemical technology Nominal voltage values
Na-NiCl 48 110 220 400 600
Na-S 48 110 192 640 768

5.1.2 Discharge rate
5.1.2.1 General
The discharge of a sodium-sulphur battery or a sodium-nickel chloride battery is an exothermic
reaction. The total heat generated during discharge is the sum of the exothermic reaction heat
from the electrochemical reaction and the heat from the Joule effect due to the internal
resistance of the battery. Therefore, the temperature of cells inside the module tends to rise
during discharge. Thermal rel
...