CEN/TC 193/SC 1 - Adhesives for wood and derived timber products

This document specifies a method of determining the ability of adhesive bonds to resist static load. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is applicable for the following applications:
a) for assessing the compliance of adhesives according to EN 301, EN 15425, EN 16254, EN 17334 and EN 17418;
b) for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c) for assessing the effect on the bond strength resulting from constant load at different climate conditions.
This method is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This document specifies a method for determining the effect on bond strength of damage to wood fibres caused by the action of acids from the adhesive or primer used in the gluing process during climatic cycling.
It is applicable to the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives with EN 301, EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for determining if the adhesive after bonding has a damaging influence on the strength of the wood due to chemical action.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments. This test is carried out on Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) or Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.).
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This document establishes a classification for one component polyurethane (PUR) adhesives according to their suitability for use in load-bearing timber products in defined climatic exposure conditions, and specifies performance requirements for such adhesives for the factory manufacture or factory-like manufacturing of load-bearing timber products only.
It also classifies “adhesive product lines” where all the products within the line have the same chemical composition except for a different amount of catalyst.
This document only specifies the performance of adhesives for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions.
The performance requirements of this document are applicable to the adhesives only, not to the manufactured timber products. This document does not cover the performance of adhesives for on-site gluing (except for factory-like conditions) or the production of wood-based panels, except solid wood panels, or modified and stabilized wood with considerably reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, e.g. acetylated wood, heat treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
This document is primarily intended for use by adhesive manufacturers and for use in timber products bonded with adhesives, to assess or control the quality of adhesives. The requirements are applicable to the type testing of the adhesives. Production control activities are outside the scope of this document.
Adhesives meeting the requirements of this document are adequate for use in load-bearing timber products, provided that the bonding process has been carried out according to an appropriate product standard.
This document does not address the classification and use of adhesives in combination with the spraying of water before or during the bonding process; see informative Annex C of this document.
This does neither allow nor forbid the use of adhesives in combination with the spraying of water.

This document specifies a method for determining the working life for adhesives mixed with hardener for load-bearing timber structures, by a viscosity test.
This method does not apply to determining the working life of a multi-component adhesive whose actual working life is very short.
This document is only intended for obtaining a reliable basis for comparison between adhesives. The method gives results which cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without modifications for the influences of factory temperature and relative air humidity.

This document establishes a classification for phenolic and aminoplastic polycondensation adhesives according to their suitability for use for load-bearing timber products in defined climatic exposure conditions, and specifies performance requirements for such adhesives for the factory manufacture or factory-like manufacturing conditions of load-bearing timber products only.
This document only specifies the performance of an adhesive for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions.
The performance requirements of this document are applicable to the adhesive only, not to the manufacturing timber products. This document does not cover the performance of adhesives for on-site gluing (except for factory-like conditions) or the production of wood-based panels, except solid wood panels, or modified and stabilized wood with considerably reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, e.g. acetylated wood, heat treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
This document is primarily intended for use by adhesive manufacturers and for use in timber products bonded with adhesives, to assess or control the quality of adhesives. The requirements are applicable to the type testing of the adhesives. Production control activities are outside the scope of this document.
Adhesives meeting the requirements of this document are adequate for use in load-bearing timber products, provided that the bonding process has been carried out according to an appropriate product standard.

This document specifies a method of determining the minimum pressing time for two glue line thicknesses, close contact glue line and thick glue line (between 0,3 mm and 8 mm), at three temperatures. It is applicable to adhesives used in load-bearing timber products.
This document is only intended for obtaining a reliable base of comparison of pressing time between adhesives. The method gives results that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without modifications for the influences of timber density/absorbency, moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.

This document specifies a method for determining the shear strength of adhesive bonds in close contact glue line and thick glue line.
It is applicable to the following applications:
a) for assessing the compliance of adhesives with EN 301, EN 15425, EN 16254, EN 17334 and EN 17418;
b) for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended for use to provide for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This document specifies a laboratory method of determining the maximum assembly time at two spread rate levels in standard atmosphere [20/65].
This document is applicable to obtaining a reliable base of comparison of the maximum assembly time between adhesives at referenced conditions.

This document establishes a classification for emulsion polymer isocyanate (EPI) adhesives according to their suitability for use in load-bearing timber products in defined climatic exposure conditions, and specifies performance requirements for such adhesives for the industrial manufacture of load-bearing timber products only.
The performance requirements of this document are applicable to the adhesives only, not to the timber products. This document does not cover the performance of adhesives for on-site gluing (except for factory-like conditions) or the production of wood-based panels, except solid wood panels, or modified and stabilized wood with considerably reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, e.g. acetylated wood, heat treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
This document is primarily intended for use by adhesive manufacturers and for use in timber products bonded with adhesives, to assess or control the quality of adhesives. This document only specifies the performance of an adhesive for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions.
Such an adhesive meeting the requirements of this document for its type is adequate for use in load-bearing timber products, provided that the bonding process has been carried out according to an appropriate product standard.

This document specifies a method for determining the resistance to delamination in glue lines.
It is applicable to the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives with EN 301, EN 15425, EN 16254, EN 17334 and EN 17418;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for comparing the effects on the bond strength resulting from the choice of bonding conditions, from different climatic conditioning and from the treatment of the test pieces before and after bonding.
This test does not apply to modified and stabilized wood with strongly reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, such as acetylated wood, heat-treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This document specifies a method for determining the influence of shear strength in crosswise gluing by wood shrinkage under drying conditions.
It is applicable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives with EN 301, EN 15425, EN 16254, EN 17334 and EN 17418;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for determining if the adhesive is capable of withstanding stresses due to wood shrinkage without unacceptable loss of strength.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments. This test is carried out on Norway spruce (Picea abies L.).
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This document establishes a classification of wood adhesives for non-structural applications for exterior use without protection by an adequate surface coating.
This document specifies performance requirements and durability classes of such adhesives for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions.
The performance requirements of this document apply to the adhesive only, not to wooden products.
This document is primarily intended to assess the performance of adhesives. The requirements apply to the type testing of the adhesives. Production control activities are outside the scope of this document.
NOTE   For the assessment of end product bonding quality, see Annex A.

This document specifies a method for adhesives for wood and derived solid wood products for determining the shear strength and wood failure percentage of wood-to-wood adhesive bonds loaded in compression. These parameters allow to define different working properties of adhesives (e.g. final bond strength, pressing time, closed assembly time).
Annex A gives information required prior to testing.

This document specifies test methods and requirements for two-component epoxy and polyurethane adhesives for on-site repair of cracks in timber structures made of strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross-section, structural finger-jointed timber, glued solid timber and glued laminated timber made of softwood species by injection of the repair adhesive with glue line thicknesses up to 8 mm. The adhesive can also be used to rehabilitate cracks in the area of joints made by nails, screws, dowel-type fasteners and dowels with threads. The adhesive can also be used to fill gaps between the faces of structural components. This document addresses exclusively adhesives which fulfil the requirements according to Clause 8.
NOTE There is no sufficient experience with adhesives which do not fulfil the requirements in 8.4.4.
This document also covers the repair of surface treated wood. It does not cover the repair of preservative treated wood, modified and stabilized wood with considerably reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, e.g. acetylated wood, heat treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
The adhesive is intended for the repair of load bearing timber structures not subjected to temperatures more than 60 °C over a longer time in service classes 1 and 2 according to EN 1995-1-1 which are loaded predominantly static or non-fatigue quasi static, see EN 1990 and EN 1991-1-1. A verification of quality and bond line integrity of the on-site repair bonding is given in an informative Annex A.

This document specifies test methods for the determination of the suitability of two component epoxy and two component polyurethane adhesives for glued-in steel rods in glued laminated timber (GLT) and glued solid timber (GST) according to EN 14080, cross laminated timber (CLT) according to EN 16351 and laminated veneer lumber (LVL) according to EN 14374.
NOTE 1 The English term "glued-in rods" has been chosen as the established term instead of "bonded-in rods".
It specifies performance requirements and the determination of characteristic bond strength values for such adhesives for the prefabrication under factory or factory-like conditions of joints between load-bearing timber products and steel rods only. This document does not cover the performance of adhesives for on-site gluing (except for factory-like conditions).
NOTE 2 Factory like conditions provide shelter from direct weathering and dirt, prevent undue movement of the joints during curing of the adhesive and provide temperature and relative humidity conditions and control as in factory production environment.
This document also covers glued-in rods in surface treated wood. It does not cover glued-in rods in modified and stabilized wood with considerably reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, e.g. acetylated wood, heat treated wood, polymer impregnated wood and preservative treated wood.
The joints are intended for load-bearing timber structures in service classes 1 and 2 according to EN 1995-1-1 which are loaded predominantly static or quasi static according to EN 1990 and EN 1991-1-1. The joints are intended for load-bearing timber structures which are not subjected to a prolonged exposure to temperatures over 60 °C.
A design procedure for glued-in rods in glued structural timber products is given in the informative Annex A.
NOTE 3 Several provisions of this document can apply to in situ repair and upgrading of existing timber structures including (cracked/fissured) solid wood beams. For adhesives for glued-in rods used in on-site repair or applications with solid timber additional provisions apply, e.g. related to rheology and site temperature conditions. Such provisions are not part of this document.

This document specifies a method for testing the strength of wood adhesives at 80 °C.
NOTE   The procedure described is based on a test developed in Germany known originally as the WATT '91 test. It uses the test piece described in EN 205.

This document specifies a test method for determining the comparative compression shear strength of adhesive bonds and solid wood at both ambient temperature and elevated temperature. The maximum load of the test pieces at ambient temperature and after exposure to a specific elevated temperature for a specified duration of time is evaluated. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures and to other wood adhesives.
This method is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the influence of elevated temperatures on the behaviour of adhesive bonds.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded element in service.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the creep deformation of bonded specimens loaded in bending shear. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives to EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load bearing timber structures.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory method of determining the open assembly time in standard climate (20 ±2) °C and (65 ±5) % relative humidity (hereafter climate [20/65]).
This European Standard is intended to determine the open assembly time using a defined procedure for obtaining a reliable base for comparison of open assembly time between adhesives under referenced conditions.
The method gives a result that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without taking into account the influence of factors such as timber density, moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.

This European Standard specifies a method of determining the ability of adhesive bonds to resist long-term sustained load applied vertical to the glue lines. It is applicable to adhesives used in load-bearing timber structures.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives according to EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for assessing the effect on the bond strength resulting from long-term sustained load at cyclic climate conditions.
This method is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This document specifies a laboratory method of determining the minimum pressing time for line thicknesses close contact, 0,2 mm, 0,3 mm and 0,5 mm, at three temperatures and three wood moisture contents.
This document is intended to determine the minimum pressing time using a defined procedure for obtaining a reliable base for comparison of minimum pressing time between adhesives under referenced conditions.
The method gives a result that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without taking into account the influence in variation of factors such as timber density, moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.

This European Standard classifies thermosetting resin based wood adhesives for non-structural applications into durability classes C1 to C4 based on the dry and wet strengths of bond-lines measured under specified conditions after various conditioning treatments.
For special applications, further tests, which do not fall within the scope of this European Standard can be applicable.
The adhesives specified in this European Standard are suitable for the bonding of furniture and interior structures, panelling, doors, windows, stairs etc. made of wood or derived timber products.

This European Standard specifies tests for adhesives for wood and derived timber products for the assessment of their resistance to hot and cold water. It can be used for the assessment of the strength of bonds with a thin bond-line. It does not apply to adhesives for structural use or to the manufacture of particleboards, fibreboards and plywood. It does not replace tests on finished products.

This European Standard classifies thermoplastic resin based wood adhesives for non-structural applications into durability classes D1 to D4 based on the dry and wet strengths of bond-lines measured under specified conditions after various conditioning treatments.
For special applications, further tests that do not fall within the scope of this European standard can be applicable.
The adhesives specified in this European standard are suitable for the bonding of furniture and interior structures, panelling, doors, windows, stairs etc. made of wood or derived timber products.
This European Standard does not specify the temperature resistance of bond-lines.

This European Standard defines the test method for the determination of the maximum open time for thermoplastic wood adhesives for non-structural applications by tensile shear strength. It is carried out on standardized test pieces glued with increasing open times.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the ability of a test piece bonded with a thermoplastic adhesive, to support a given load for a specified time without fracture or excessive distortion, and specifies performance requirements for mean survival time.
It should be used in conjunction with EN 204 and EN 205, which describe durability classes and corresponding test methods for non-structural wood adhesives based on their ability to withstand various water treatments and relatively rapidly applied loads. The test described in this standard may be used to assess joints made with thin glue line, as defined in EN 205.
NOTE   The test described in this standard is not a mandatory requirement for the classification of adhesives into the classes D1, D2, D3 and D4 given in EN 204. It is an additional test that can be specified by a purchaser if required.

This European Standard specifies a test method to determine the heat resistance of wood adhesives under static load and increasing temperature conditions. The test assesses the adhesive's ability to resist sustained or continuous loading at temperatures well above normal room temperature, or in conditions where service temperatures are variable or cyclic.
NOTE   The procedure described is based on a test developed in Switzerland, known as the HRT'92 test. It uses test pieces described in EN 302-1 and EN 205, a static loading device and a means for increasing test pieces temperature at a specific rate.

This European Standard specifies performance requirements and the appropriate test methods for casein adhesives for the manufacture of load-bearing wooden structures for use under indoor conditions in heated and ventilated buildings.
This standard is not applicable to casein adhesives used for bonding woods with a density exceeding 750 kg/m3.

This document specifies a test method for comparing the compression shear strength of adhesive bonds and solid wood at 180 °C and a second elevated temperature. The maximum load of the test pieces after exposure to 180 °C and a specific elevated temperature for a specified duration of time is evaluated. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures and to other wood adhesives.
This method is intended primarily to obtain data for the performance of wood adhesives at high temperatures. The result of this method (temperature class) can be used to classify the adhesive with respect to its performance in fire.

This document specifies a method of determining the ability of adhesive bonds to resist long-term sustained load applied vertical to the glue lines. It is applicable to adhesives used in load-bearing timber structures.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives according to EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for assessing the effect on the bond strength resulting from long-term sustained load at cyclic climate conditions.
This method is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This document specifies a laboratory method of determining the open assembly time in standard climate (20 ± 2) °C and (65 ± 5) % relative humidity (hereafter climate [20/65]).
This document is intended to determine the open assembly time using a defined procedure for obtaining a reliable base for comparison of open assembly time between adhesives under referenced conditions.
The method gives a result that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without taking into account the influence of factors such as timber density, moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.

This document specifies a method for determining the creep deformation of bonded specimens loaded in bending shear. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives to EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load bearing timber structures.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This document specifies a laboratory method of determining the minimum pressing time for line thicknesses close contact, 0,2 mm, 0,3 mm and 0,5 mm, at three temperatures and three wood moisture contents.
This document is intended to determine the minimum pressing time using a defined procedure for obtaining a reliable base for comparison of minimum pressing time between adhesives under referenced conditions.
The method gives a result that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without taking into account the influence in variation of factors such as timber density, moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.

This European Standard establishes a classification for emulsion polymerised isocyanate (EPI) adhesives according to their suitability for use in load-bearing timber structures in defined climatic exposure conditions, and specifies performance requirements for such adhesives for the industrial manufacture of load-bearing timber structures only. The performance requirements of this standard apply to the adhesive only, not to the structure. This European Standard is primarily intended for the use of adhesive manufacturers and for the use in timber structures bonded with adhesives, to assess or control the quality of adhesives. This European Standard only specifies the performance of an adhesive for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions. Such an adhesive meeting the requirements of this European Standard for its type is adequate for use in a load-bearing timber structure, provided that the bonding process has been carried out according to an appropriate product standard.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the creep deformation of bonded specimens loaded in bending shear. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives to EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load bearing timber structures.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This European Standard specifies a method of determining the ability of adhesive bonds to resist static load. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives according to EN 301, EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for assessing the effect on the bond strength resulting from constant load at different climate conditions.
This method is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This European Standard establishes a classification for phenolic and aminoplastic polycondensation adhesives according to their suitability for use for load-bearing timber structures in defined climatic exposure conditions, and specifies performance requirements for such adhesives for the factory manufacture or factory-like manufacturing conditions of load-bearing timber structures only.
This European Standard only specifies the performance of an adhesive for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions.
The performance requirements of this European Standard apply to the adhesive only, not to the timber structure. This European Standard does not cover the performance of adhesives for on-site gluing (except for factory-like conditions) nor the production of wood-based panels, except solid wood panels, or modified and stabilized wood with considerably reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, e.g. such as acetylated wood, heat treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
This European Standard is primarily intended for the use of adhesive manufacturers and for the use in timber structures bonded with adhesives, to assess or control the quality of adhesives. The requirements apply to the type testing of the adhesives. Production control activities are outside the scope of this European Standard.
Adhesives meeting the requirements of this European Standard are adequate for use in a load-bearing timber structure, provided that the bonding process has been carried out according to an appropriate product standard.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the resistance to delamination in glue lines.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives with EN 301, EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for comparing the effects on the bond strength resulting from the choice of bonding conditions, from different climatic conditioning and from the treatment of the test pieces before and after bonding.
This test is not applicable for modified and stabilized wood with strongly reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, such as acetylated wood, heat-treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the effect on bond strength of damage to wood fibres caused by the action of acids from the adhesive or primer used in the gluing process during climatic cycling.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives with EN 301, EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for determining if the adhesive after bonding has a damaging influence on the strength of the wood due to chemical action.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments. This test is carried out on Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) or Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.).
This method is not intended for use to provide numerical design data and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This European Standard establishes a classification for one component polyurethane (PUR) adhesives according to their suitability for use in load-bearing timber structures in defined climatic exposure conditions; it specifies performance requirements for such adhesives for the factory manufacture or factory like manufacturing of load-bearing timber structures only.
It also classifies “adhesive lines” where all the products within the line have almost identical physical/chemical properties and gluing performance, but different reactivity.
This European Standard only specifies the performance of adhesives for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions.
The performance requirements of this European Standard apply to the adhesives only, not to the timber structure. This European Standard does not cover the performance of adhesives for on-site gluing (except for factory-like conditions) nor the production of wood-based panels, except solid wood panels, or modified and stabilized wood with considerably reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, e.g. such as acetylated wood, heat treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
This European Standard is primarily intended for the use of adhesive manufacturers and for the use in timber structures bonded with adhesives, to assess or control the quality of adhesives. The requirements apply to the type testing of the adhesives. Production control activities are outside the scope of this European Standard.
Adhesives meeting the requirements of this European Standard are adequate for use in load-bearing timber structure, provided that the bonding process has been carried out according to an appropriate product standard.

This European Standard establishes a classification for emulsion polymerised isocyanate (EPI) adhesives according to their suitability for use in load-bearing timber structures in defined climatic exposure conditions, and specifies performance requirements for such adhesives for the industrial manufacture of load-bearing timber structures only.
The performance requirements of this standard apply to the adhesive only, not to the structure.
This European Standard is primarily intended for the use of adhesive manufacturers and for the use in timber structures bonded with adhesives, to assess or control the quality of adhesives. This European Standard only specifies the performance of an adhesive for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions.
Such an adhesive meeting the requirements of this European Standard for its type is adequate for use in a load-bearing timber structure, provided that the bonding process has been carried out according to an appropriate product standard.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory method of determining the maximum assembly time at two spread rate levels in standard atmosphere [20/65].
This European Standard is intended for obtaining a reliable base of comparison of the maximum assembly time between adhesives at referenced conditions.

This European Standard specifies a method of determining the minimum pressing time for two glue line thicknesses, close contact glue line and 0,3 mm thick glue line (for gap filling adhesive 1,0 mm), at three temperatures. It is applicable to adhesives used in load- bearing timber structures.
This European Standard is only intended for obtaining a reliable base of comparison of pressing time between adhesives. The method gives results that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without modifications for the influences of timber density/absorbency, moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the shear strength of adhesive bonds in close contact glue line and thick glue line.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives with EN 301, EN 15425 and prEN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended for use to provide for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the working life for adhesives mixed with hardener for load-bearing timber structures, by a viscosity test.
This method is not suitable for determining the working life of a multi-component adhesive whose actual working life is very short.
This document is only intended for obtaining a reliable basis for comparison between adhesives. The method gives results which cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without modifications for the influences of factory temperature and relative air humidity.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the influence of shear strength in crosswise gluing by wood shrinkage under drying conditions.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives with EN 301, EN 15425 and FprEN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for determining if the adhesive is capable of withstanding stresses due to wood shrinkage without unacceptable loss of strength.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments. This test is carried out on Norway spruce (Picea abies L.).
This method is not intended for use to provide numerical design data and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This European Standard specifies a method for testing the strength of wood adhesives at 80 °C.
NOTE   The procedure described is based on a test developed in Germany known originally as the WATT ‘91 test. It uses the test piece described in EN 205.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the creep deformation of bonded specimens loaded in bending shear. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives to EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load bearing timber structures.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design, and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.

This European Standard establishes a classification for phenolic and aminoplastic polycondensation adhesives according to their suitability for use for load-bearing timber structures in defined climatic exposure conditions, and specifies performance requirements for such adhesives for the factory manufacture or factory-like manufacturing conditions of load-bearing timber structures only.
This European Standard only specifies the performance of an adhesive for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions.
The performance requirements of this European Standard apply to the adhesive only, not to the timber structure. This European Standard does not cover the performance of adhesives for on-site gluing (except for factory-like conditions) nor the production of wood-based panels, except solid wood panels, or modified and stabilised wood with considerably reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, e.g. such as acetylated wood, heat treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
This European Standard is primarily intended for the use of adhesive manufacturers and for the use in timber structures bonded with adhesives, to assess or control the quality of adhesives. The requirements apply to the type testing of the adhesives. Production control activities are outside the scope of this European Standard.
Adhesives meeting the requirements of this European Standard are adequate for use in a load-bearing timber structure, provided that the bonding process has been carried out according to an appropriate product standard.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the effect on bond strength of damage to wood fibres caused by the action of acids from the adhesive or primer used in the gluing process during climatic cycling.
It is suitable for the following applications:
a)   for assessing the compliance of adhesives with EN 301, EN 15425 and FprEN 16254;
b)   for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c)   for determining if the adhesive after bonding has a damaging influence on the strength of the wood due to chemical action.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments. This test is carried out on Norway spruce (Picea abies L.).
This method is not intended for use to provide numerical design data and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.