CEN/TC 185/WG 6 - Structural bolting

This European Standard specifies together with EN 14399-1 and EN 14399-2, the requirements for assemblies of high-strength structural bolts and nuts of system HV suitable for preloaded joints with large widths across flats, thread sizes M12 to M36 and property classes 10.9/10.
Bolting assemblies (including fit bolts with nominal shank diameter d + 1 mm) in accordance with this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least 0,7 fub × As ) according to EN 1993-1-8 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic deformation of the engaged threads. For this purpose the components have the following characteristics:
-   nut height approximately 0,8 d;
-   bolt with short thread length.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document include washers according to EN 14399-6.
NOTE   Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the bolting assemblies are correctly used if satisfactory results are to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to EN 1090-2 is made.
General requirements and requirements for suitability for preloading are specified in EN 14399-2.
Clamp lengths and grip lengths for the bolting assemblies are specified in the normative Annex A.

This draft European Standard specifies, together with EN 14399 1 and EN 14399 2, the requirements for assemblies of high-strength structural countersunk bolts and nuts of system HR suitable for preloaded joints with thread sizes M12 to M36 and property classes 8.8/8 or 8.8/10 and 10.9/10.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least 0,7 fub × As ) according to EN 1993 1 8 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic elongation of the bolt. For this purpose the components have the following characteristics:
-   regular nut height according to (style 1) see EN ISO 4032;
-   thread length of the bolt according to ISO 888.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document include washers according to EN 14399 6 or to EN 14399 5.
NOTE   Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that bolting assemblies are correctly used if satisfactory results are to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to EN 1090–2 is made.
General requirements and requirements for suitability for preloading are specified in EN 14399 2.
Clamp lengths and grip lengths for the bolting assemblies are specified in the normative Annex A.

This European Standard specifies, together with EN 14399- and EN 14399-2, the requirements for assemblies of high-strength structural bolts and nuts of system HRC suitable for preloaded joints, with hexagon head (large widths across flats), cup head or countersunk head, thread sizes M12 to M36 and property class 10.9/10.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least 0,7 fub × As ) according to EN 1993-1-8 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic elongation of the bolt. For this purpose the components have the following characteristics:
-   regular nut height according to (style 1), see EN ISO 4032; or
-   nut with height m = 1 D;
-   thread length of the bolt in accordance with ISO 888.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document include washers according to EN 14399-6 or to EN 14399-5 (under the nut only).
NOTE   Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the bolting assemblies are correctly used if a satisfactory result is to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to EN 1090-2 is made.
General requirements and requirements for suitability for preloading are specified in EN 14399-2 and in Clause 8 of this document.

This European Standard specifies, together with EN 14399-1 and EN 14399-2, the requirements for direct tension indicators, nut face washers (HN) and bolt face washers (HB) as part of high-strength structural bolting assemblies suitable for preloaded joints.
These direct tension indicators are specified as part of high-strength structural bolting assemblies of system HR or HV in accordance with EN 14399-3, EN 14399-4, EN 14399-7 or EN 14399-8, with nominal thread sizes M12 up to and including M36 and property classes 8.8/8 or 8.8/10 and 10.9/10.
It specifies two property designations H8 and H10 for direct tension indicators, together with general dimensions, tolerances, materials and functional property/ies.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least 0,7 fub × As1) according to EN 1993-1-8 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic elongation of the bolt for system HR in accordance with EN 14399-3 or EN 14399-7, or by plastic deformation of the engaged threads for system HV in accordance with EN 14399-4 or EN 14399-8.
Bolting assemblies conforming to this document may include washer(s) according to EN 14399-6 or to EN 14399-5 (under the nut only).
NOTE 1   Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the bolting assemblies are correctly used if satisfactory results are to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to EN 1090-2 is made.
General requirements and requirements for suitability for preloading are specified in EN 14399-2 together with Clause 5 of this document.
NOTE 2   Direct tension indicators are also known as load indicating washers.

This part of this European Standard specifies the general requirements for bolting assemblies for non-preloaded structural bolting. Bolting assemblies in accordance with this European Standard are designed to be used in structural bolting connections for shear and/or tensile loading.
The intended use of bolting assemblies in accordance with this European standard is structural metallic works.
It applies to bolts (the term used when bolts partially threaded, screws, studs and stud-bolts are considered all together) and nuts made of carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel or aluminium or aluminium alloy with the following property classes:
-   bolts made of carbon steel and alloy steel: 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 10.9 (in accordance with EN ISO 898 1);
-   nuts made of carbon steel and alloy steel: 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 (in accordance with EN ISO 898 2);
-   bolts made of austenitic stainless steel: 50, 70, 80 (in accordance with EN ISO 3506 1);
-   nuts made of austenitic stainless steel: 50, 70, 80 (in accordance with EN ISO 3506 2);
-   bolts made of aluminium or aluminium alloy: AL1 to AL6 (in accordance with EN 28839);
-   nuts made of aluminium or aluminium alloy: AL1 to AL6 (in accordance with EN 28839).
This European Standard applies to bolting assemblies with ISO metric coarse pitch thread from sizes M12 to M39 for use in steel structures according to EN 1090 2, and from M5 to M39 for use in aluminium or aluminium alloy structures according to EN 1090 3. The use of thread sizes larger than M39 is not precluded provided all applicable requirements of this standard are met.
WARNING — Only bolting assemblies are covered by this harmonized standard: separate bolts or nuts, not tested as part of an assembly lot of bolting assemblies in accordance with EN 15048 2, are not covered by this harmonized standard and cannot be CE marked.
NOTE 1   The property classes 4.8, 5.8 and 6.8 may be subjected to limitations of use.
NOTE 2   High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading which meet the requirements of EN 14399–1 are not within the scope of this European Standard but they are also suitable for use in non-preloaded structural bolting.
NOTE 3   Bolts and nuts made of aluminium or aluminium alloys are not designed to be used in steel structures, see EN 1090–2.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this European Standard are not designed to be welded.
Railway rail fasteners are not covered by this European Standard.

This European Standard specifies the technical requirements for structural bolting assemblies in order to ensure the suitability for non-preloaded bolted connections in steel structures or aluminium structures.
A suitability test is specified to check the behaviour of the structural bolting assemblies.
It applies to bolting assemblies specified in FprEN 15048-1.

This European Standard specifies, together with EN 14399 1 and EN 14399 2, hardened and tempered chamfered plain washers with chamfer intended for bolting assemblies with large series hexagon high-strength structural bolts and nuts with thread sizes from M12 to M36 inclusive.
Washers according to this standard are not intended to be used in direct contact with oversized or slotted holes.
NOTE   Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the washers are correctly used if satisfactory results are to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to EN 1090–2 is made.

This European Standard specifies the general requirements for bolt/nut/washer(s) assemblies for high-strength structural bolting, which are suitable for preloading.
The intended use of bolting assemblies in accordance with this European Standard is structural metallic works.
NOTE 1   High-strength structural bolting assemblies in accordance with EN 14399-2 to EN 14399-10 are designed to fulfil the requirements of this European Standard.
NOTE 2   High-strength structural bolting assemblies are suitable for preloading in accordance with EN 1090-2 in steel structures.
High-strength structural bolting assemblies smaller than M12 are not designed to be preloaded.
High-strength structural bolting assemblies are not designed to be welded.
Railway rail fasteners are not covered by this standard.

This European Standard specifies, together with EN 14399 1 and EN 14399 2, hardened and tempered plain washers intended for bolting assemblies with large series hexagon high-strength structural bolts and nuts with threads from M12 to M36 inclusive. Washers according to this standard can be applied under the nut only.
Washers according to this standard are not intended to be used in direct contact with oversized or slotted holes.
NOTE   Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the washers are correctly used if satisfactory results are to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to EN 1090-2 is made.

This European Standard specifies the technical requirements for high-strength structural bolting assemblies in order to ensure the suitability for preloading of bolted connections in metallic structures.
A suitability test is specified to check the behaviour of the structural bolting assemblies so as to ensure that the required preload can be reliably obtained by the tightening methods specified in EN 1090 2 with sufficient margins against overtightening and against failure.

This European Standard specifies, together with EN 14399 1 and EN 14399 2, the requirements for assemblies of high-strength structural bolts and nuts of system HR suitable for preloaded joints with large widths across flats, thread sizes M12 to M36 and property classes 8.8/8 or 8.8/10 and 10.9/10.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least 0,7 fub × As  ) according to EN 1993 1 8 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic elongation of the bolt. For this purpose the components have the following characteristics:
-   normal nut height (style 1), see EN ISO 4032;
-   thread length of the bolt according to ISO 888.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document include washers according to EN 14399 6 or to EN 14399 5 (under the nut only).
NOTE   Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that bolting assemblies are correctly used if satisfactory results are to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to EN 1090-2 is made.
General requirements and requirements for suitability for preloading are specified in EN 14399 2.
Clamp lengths and grip lengths for the bolting assemblies are specified in the normative Annex A.

This European Standard specifies together with EN 14399 1 and EN 14399 2, the requirements for assemblies of high-strength structural bolts and nuts of system HV suitable for preloaded joints with large widths across flats, thread sizes M12 to M36 and property classes 10.9/10.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least 0,7 fub × As ) according to EN 1993 1 8 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic deformation of the engaged threads. For this purpose the components have the following characteristics:
-   nut height approximately 0,8 d;
-   bolt with short thread length.
Bolting assemblies in accordance with this document include washers according to EN 14399 6.
NOTE   Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the bolting assemblies are correctly used if satisfactory results are to be obtained. For recommendations concerning proper application, reference to EN 1090-2 is made.
General requirements and requirements for suitability for preloading are specified in EN 14399 2.
Clamp lengths and grip lengths for the bolting assemblies are specified in the normative Annex A.

This part of this European Standard specifies, together with EN 14399-1, the requirements for assemblies of high-strength structural bolts and nuts of system HRC suitable for preloaded joints, with hexagon head (large widths across flats) or cup head, thread sizes M12 to M30 and property class 10.9/10.
Bolt and nut assemblies conforming to this part of this European Standard have been designed to allow preloading of at least 0,7 fub X As ) according to EN 1993-1-8:2005 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic elongation of the bolt. For this purpose the components have the following characteristics:
- nut according to EN 14399-3, or
- nut with height m = 1 d,
- thread length of the bolt according to ISO 888.
Bolt and nut assemblies conforming to this part of this European Standard include washer(s) according to EN 14399-6 or to EN 14399-5 (under the nut only).
NOTE Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the bolts are correctly used if a satisfactory result is to be obtained.
The test method for suitability for preloading is specified in EN 14399-2 and in Clause 8.

This document specifies, together with EN 14399-1, the requirements for assemblies of high-strength structural bolts and nuts, with large width across flats, of system HR or HV, including the requirements for the general dimensions, tolerances, materials and performance for two grades, H8 and H10, of compressible washer-type direct tension indicators, nut face washers and bolt face washers suitable for preloaded joints. The assemblies include the nominal thread sizes M12 up to and including M36 and property classes 8.8/8, 8.8/10 and 10.9/10.
Bolt and nut assemblies to this document have been designed to allow preloading of at least 0,7 fub × As according to EN 1993-1-8 (Eurocode 3) and to obtain ductility predominantly by plastic elongation of the bolt for system HR according to EN 14399-3 or by plastic deformation of the engaged threads for system HV according to EN 14399-4; also countersunk and fit bolts according to EN 14399-7 and -8 respectively.
Bolt and nut assemblies conforming to this document may include washer(s) according to EN 14399-6 or to EN 14399-5 (under the nut only).
The purpose of the direct tension indicators is to show that a defined preload is achieved in the bolt. The direct tension indicator can be used alone or with bolt face washers or nut face washers conforming to this standard. In either case the direct tension indicators shall be used as part of an assembly in accordance with EN 14399-1.
To comply with EN 14399-1, the assemblies shall be supplied by one manufacturer include bolts, nuts, washers and direct tension indicators.
NOTE 1   Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that the assemblies are correctly used if satisfactory results are to be obtained.
The test method for suitability for preloading is specified in EN 14399-2 and supplemented by Clause 5.
Guidance on the use of compressible washer-type direct tension indicators is given in EN 1090-2.
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