WG 7 - Physical and fastness test methods

ISO 2420:2017 specifies a method for determining the apparent density and the mass per unit area of leather. It is applicable to all leathers.

ISO 17233:2017 specifies a method for determining the cold crack temperature of surface coatings applied to leather. It is applicable to all leathers which have a surface coating and which can be easily flexed.

ISO 2589:2016 specifies a method for determining the thickness of leather. The method is applicable to all types of leather of any tannage. The measurement is valid for both the whole leather and a test sample.

ISO 17229:2016 specifies a method for determining the water vapour absorption of leather. The method is applicable for all leathers but is particularly relevant for leathers intended for footwear uppers and linings.

ISO 5402-2:2015 specifies a method for determining the wet or dry flex resistance of leather and finishes applied to leather. It is applicable to all types of leather below 3,0 mm in thickness.

ISO 3380:2015 specifies a method for determination of the shrinkage temperature of leather up to 100 °C. It is applicable to all leathers.

ISO 19074:2015 specifies a method for determining the rate of absorption of water by capillary action or wicking in leathers. It is applicable to all types of leather.

ISO 17235:2015 specifies a non-destructive method for determining the softness of leather. It is applicable to all non-rigid leathers, e.g. shoe upper leather, upholstery leather, leathergoods leather, and apparel leather.

ISO 17228:2015 specifies various ageing procedures to obtain an indication of the changes that could occur when leather is exposed to a certain environment for a prolonged time. Over time, the surface colour of leather and the leather itself change due to ageing and to the action of the surroundings on the leather. The test conditions to be used depend on the type of leather and its intended use.
This procedure can also be used to age specimens for the test of dimensional change according to ISO 17130.

ISO 2588:2014 specifies a method for the drawing, from a lot, of whole pieces of leather to form a gross sample.The method is applicable to all kinds of leather of any type of tannage.
ISO 2588:2014 does not cover marking and storage of the gross sample.

ISO 11646:2014 specifies a method of measuring the area of pieces of leather. It is intended only for the measurement of dressed and other dry flexible leathers.

ISO 17502:2013 specifies a method for determining the reflectance properties of a leather surface for visible and near infra-red radiation. The reflection value in the near infra-red determines if a leather may be classified as solar reflective.
The method is applicable to all types of leather, in particular for coloured leather.

ISO 26082-2:2011 specifies a tumbling method which is intended to determine the resistance of all forms of leather to visible soiling through repeated contact with soiled objects. It provides a physical pretreatment routine for leathers that may be vulnerable to loss of soiling resistance in service.

ISO 3377-1:2011 specifies a method for determining the tear strength of leather using a single-edge tear. The method is sometimes described as a trouser tear. It is applicable to all types of leather.

ISO 5403-2:2011 specifies a method for determining the dynamic water resistance of leather by means of repeated angular compression. It is applicable to all flexible leathers but is particularly suitable for leathers intended for footwear applications. It uses a Maeser-type machine and includes an option for electronic detection.

ISO 5404:2011 specifies a method for determining the water resistance of heavy leathers. The method allows determination of the penetration time, water absorption, area of penetration and water penetration rate as required. It is applicable to all types of heavy leathers.

ISO 17186:2011 specifies a method for determining the thickness of the surface coating applied to leather when measured under zero compression. It is applicable to all types of leather.

ISO 17074:2006 specifies a method for determining the horizontal burning rate of leather. It is applicable to all light leathers but is particularly intended for leathers used in the passenger compartment of motor vehicles.

ISO 17230:2006 describes a method for determining the water penetration pressure of leather.

ISO 17071:2006 specifies two alternative methods for determining the fogging characteristics of leathers used in the passenger compartments of motor vehicles, namely Method A and Method B. These are two different test procedures to measure the volatile components and there is no mathematical correlation between the results obtained with Method A and those with Method B.
Method A determines by reflection the light scattering properties (or opaqueness) and the nature of the film or droplet formation from volatile components condensed on a cold glass surface. Method B measures gravimetrically the quantity of volatile components condensed on a cold aluminium foil surface. Annex A gives the results of inter-laboratory trial which show that Method B performs well, whereas Method A showed a large variation in the percentage reflection.
The test conditions allow the two tests to be carried out in succession.

ISO 17076-2:2011 specifies a method of determining the abrasion resistance of upholstery leather for different applications using Martindale apparatus with a ball plate. The method is applicable to semi-aniline, pigmented and coated leather.

This European Standard specifies a method of determining the bagginess of leather together with its creep and stress relaxation properties. It is applicable to all non-rigid leathers. e.g. Shoe upper leather, upholstery leather, leathergoods leather and apparel leather. Leather is a viscoelastic material and, upon removal of any applied force, only a proportion of the extension observed is recovered. Even some time after removal of the force there is some degree of permanent deformation which is known as the retained set or bagginess of the leather. Due to the nature of the test method described below it is also possible to obtain a measure of the creep and stress relaxation properties of leather. Although the creep index quoted is not obtained via the true definition of creep, it will however provide a valuable comparative indication of this property in leather.

ISO 17227:2002 specifies a method of determining the dry heat resistance of conditioned leathers. It is applicable to all leathers.

ISO 3378:2002 specifies a method for determining the resistance of leather to grain cracking and for determining the grain crack index. It is applicable to all heavy leathers.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): WIs 056 to 060 are the result of the splitting of WI 021 (TC Res 10/1996)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): WIs 056 to 060 are the result of the splitting of WI 021 (TC Res 10/1996)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): WIs 056 to 060 are the result of the splitting of WI 021 (TC Res 10/1996)